Article
Thermodynamics
Riccardo Toffanin, Vinicio Curti, Maurizio C. Barbato
Summary: This paper investigates the impact of different Legionella regulations on the hot water usage and substation cost of a Swiss single-family household connected to a 4GDH network. The results demonstrate that relaxing the current Swiss regulations could lead to energy and economic savings.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Anna Kallert, Robert Egelkamp, Ulrich Bader, Dietmar Muennich, Lisa Staudacher, Hannes Doderer
Summary: The project aims to decarbonize the heating sector through district heating, utilizing renewable energies and waste heat sources, as well as integrating solar thermal systems and biomass boilers for heating security. By optimizing the heating system design and conducting cost-benefit analysis, low heat generation costs and maximized utilization of renewable heat sources are achieved.
Article
Thermodynamics
Ieva Pakere, Armands Gravelsins, Dace Lauka, Gatis Bazbauers, Dagnija Blumberga
Summary: The implementation of 4th or 5th generation district heating systems requires a complex solution involving energy sources, heating networks, and consumers. System dynamics modeling is used to evaluate long-term effectiveness and analyze the impacts of different policy measures. Subsidies have a greater impact on key targets than tax increases, and a combination of policies can increase the share of renewable energy sources in district heating.
Article
Thermodynamics
Peter Sorknaes, Steffen Nielsen, Henrik Lund, Brian Vad Mathiesen, Diana Moreno, Jakob Zinck Thellufsen
Summary: This paper explores the energy system benefits of transitioning district heating infrastructure from 3rd generation to 4th generation, and evaluates the costs and energy effects at a national level. It also investigates the impacts of different cooling solutions in datacentres. The study found that transitioning to 4th generation district heating reduces system costs and improves energy efficiency in Denmark, and increasing the temperature outlet of datacentre waste heat adds value to the system.
Review
Thermodynamics
Dorte Skaarup Ostergaard, Kevin Michael Smith, Michele Tunzi, Svend Svendsen
Summary: This paper provides a comprehensive review of low-temperature heating, discussing its feasibility, temperature demands, and methods for reducing supply and return temperatures. It recommends key measures such as automatic balancing systems, novel solutions for domestic hot water supply, and digitally-enabled performance monitoring and optimal control.
Article
Thermodynamics
Dominik Hering, Michael R. Faller, Andre Xhonneux, Dirk Mueller
Summary: This paper investigates operational optimization of a 4th-generation district heating network with regards to temperatures and use of thermal inertia. A case study demonstrates that quadratic formulations can optimize energy balances and temperatures, resulting in cost savings of up to 18.2%.
Article
Thermodynamics
M. A. Pans, G. Claudio, P. C. Eames
Summary: A model was developed to simulate and analyze the performance of a district heating system supplied with heat from renewable sources and different thermal energy storage systems. The model considers weather data, building specifications, and occupancies to calculate hourly heat demands and heat produced. It also takes into account recent research on heat storage systems. The model enables the analysis of operating parameters on system cost and energy efficiency to determine optimal conditions for a town or urban area.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Andrii Polyvianchuk, Roman Semenenko, Petro Kapustenko, Jiri Jaromir Klemes, Olga Arsenyeva
Summary: The work proposes a novel methodology for the transition to 4th generation district heating systems (DHS) with limited investment. The methodology involves step-by-step implementation of required innovations to optimize investment schedule and payback time. Two case studies illustrated the methodology, showing a significant reduction in energy consumption and lower investments compared to traditional simultaneous implementation. The introduction of new generation DHS in Ukraine can be achieved through gradual additions and integration of new elements to the existing system.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Stanislav Chicherin, Andrey Zhuikov, Lyazzat Junussova
Summary: The aim of this study is to find low-cost renovation measures to improve the efficiency of district heating. Topology analysis and GIS technology are used for hydraulic simulation and scenario verification. The scenarios are compared based on various factors such as cost, energy production and consumption, network length, etc.
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
(2023)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
A. M. Jodeiri, M. J. Goldsworthy, S. Buffa, M. Cozzini
Summary: This article reviews the challenges and limitations of integrating solar thermal, waste heat, geothermal, and biomass energy sources into district heating systems, and identifies the technical and non-technical difficulties associated with this integration.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Stanislav Chicherin, Andrey Zhuikov, Lyazzat Junussova
Summary: This study examines the potential savings of integrating a heat pump into a district heating system compared to separate operation. Through thermal simulations and analysis, it is found that utilizing a supply line of high-temperature district heating can lead to energy savings of around 14% during cold winter days. The scenario of integrating the heat pump into the district heating system performs better in covering peak energy demand compared to a separate installation.
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Xinyi Lin, Zhe Tian, Yakai Lu, Jide Niu, Yaqi Cao
Summary: This paper presents an energy performance assessment method for district heating substations, using energy disaggregation to identify different energy consumption components and comprehensively evaluate energy performance and energy-saving potential. The case study demonstrates that the proposed method can effectively identify the contributions of different factors to energy consumption and provide guidance for operational optimization of existing district heating systems.
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Henrik Lund, Poul Alberg Ostergaard, Tore Bach Nielsen, Sven Werner, Jan Eric Thorsen, Oddgeir Gudmundsson, Ahmad Arabkoohsar, Brian Vad Mathiesen
Summary: This article compares the differences and similarities between fourth-generation district heating (4GDH) and fifth-generation district heating and cooling (5GDHC) in terms of their goals and abilities, finding that they share common objectives in decarbonization and to some extent, essential abilities. Fifth-generation district heating and cooling focuses on combined heating and cooling using a collective network close to ambient temperature levels as a heat source or sink for building-level heat pumps.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
M. A. Pans, G. Claudio, P. C. Eames
Summary: This study simulated and optimized a speculative district heating system in an existing urban area in Loughborough, UK. The system used only renewable heat sources and thermal energy storage to address the mismatch between heat generation and demand. The study assessed the impact of long-term storage volume and charging temperature on system cost and energy efficiency.
SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Martina Capone, Elisa Guelpa, Vittorio Verda
Summary: Reducing operating temperatures in district heating networks is crucial for integrating low exergy heat and achieving sustainability. This paper analyzes the potential temperature reduction in existing substations and develops a methodology to estimate the achievable temperature reduction. The results show that existing substations can shift their operation from 120°C to 104°C and achieve supply temperatures around 90°C with some improvements on the system.
Article
Thermodynamics
M. Koefinger, R. R. Schmidt, D. Basciotti, O. Terreros, I. Baldvinsson, J. Mayrhofer, S. Moser, R. Tichler, H. Pauli
Article
Thermodynamics
Simon Moser, Julia Mayrhofer, Ralf-Roman Schmidt, Robert Tichler
Article
Thermodynamics
Paolo Leoni, Roman Geyer, Ralf-Roman Schmidt
Article
Thermodynamics
O. Terreros, J. Spreitzhofer, D. Basciotti, R. R. Schmidt, T. Esterl, M. Pober, M. Kerschbaumer, M. Ziegler
Article
Thermodynamics
Oddgeir Gudmundsson, Ralf-Roman Schmidt, Anders Dyrelund, Jan Eric Thorsen
Summary: This paper analyzes the levelized cost of heat (LCOH) for a mixed building area with different heating solutions in two countries: DK and UK. The analysis explores the impact of heat source temperature on the LCOH, finding that 4GDH is the more competitive heat supply solution for the considered case.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ralf-Roman Schmidt, Benedikt Leitner
Summary: In the future, DHC systems will require new heat sources, with heat pumps and power-to-gas processes playing a key role. By optimizing planning and operation of coupling points, a hybrid energy network can be established.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Anna Volkova, Stefan Reuter, Stefan Puschnigg, Hanne Kauko, Ralf -Roman Schmidt, Benedikt Leitner, Simon Moser
Summary: This paper discusses the integration of sub-low-temperature district heating networks (LTDHNs) into existing high-temperature district heating networks (HTDHNs) for energy cascade and increased energy efficiency. The study analyzes technical barriers, design considerations, and the impact of different operating conditions on the sub-LTDHNs. The findings emphasize the importance of connection points and minimizing the use of combustion technologies for achieving significant savings in the HTDHNs.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Roman Geyer, Juergen Krail, Benedikt Leitner, Ralf-Roman Schmidt, Paolo Leoni
Summary: This article aims to analyze key characteristics of different technologies through energy-economic assessments to demonstrate evidence-based energy-related and monetary benefits of reduced system temperatures. Results indicate that using low-temperature systems can bring higher economic benefits and savings.
Article
Thermodynamics
Ehsan Ahmadian, Ralf-Roman Schmidt
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXERGY
(2020)
Proceedings Paper
Energy & Fuels
Markus Koefinger, Daniele Basciotti, Ralf-Roman Schmidt
15TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON DISTRICT HEATING AND COOLING (DHC15-2016)
(2017)
Proceedings Paper
Energy & Fuels
C. Marguerite, R. R. Schmidt, N. Pardo-Garcia, R. Abdurafikov
15TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON DISTRICT HEATING AND COOLING (DHC15-2016)
(2017)
Proceedings Paper
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Daiva Jakutyte-Walangitang, Jessen Page, Olivier Pol, Ralf-Roman Schmidt, Ursula Mollay
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, KNOWLEDGE SOCIETY AND SMART FUTURE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGIES
(2015)
Proceedings Paper
Automation & Control Systems
Sergio Leal, Daniele Basciotti, Ralf-Roman Schmidt
39TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS SOCIETY (IECON 2013)
(2013)
Proceedings Paper
Energy & Fuels
R. R. Schmidt, O. Pol, D. Basciotti, J. Page
2ND EUROPEAN ENERGY CONFERENCE
(2012)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yong Cheng, Fukai Song, Lei Fu, Saishuai Dai, Zhiming Yuan, Atilla Incecik
Summary: This paper investigates the accessibility of wave energy absorption by a dual-pontoon floating breakwater integrated with hybrid-type wave energy converters (WECs) and proposes a hydraulic-pneumatic complementary energy extraction method. The performance of the system is validated through experiments and comparative analysis.
Article
Thermodynamics
Jing Gao, Chao Wang, Zhanwu Wang, Jin Lin, Runkai Zhang, Xin Wu, Guangyin Xu, Zhenfeng Wang
Summary: This study aims to establish a new integrated method for biomass cogeneration project site selection, with a focus on the application of the model in Henan Province. By integrating Geographic Information System and Multiple Criterion Decision Making methods, the study conducts site selection in two stages, providing a theoretical reference for the construction of biomass cogeneration projects.
Article
Thermodynamics
Mert Temiz, Ibrahim Dincer
Summary: The current study presents a hybrid small modular nuclear reactor and solar-based system for sustainable communities, integrating floating and bifacial photovoltaic arrays with a small modular reactor. The system efficiently generates power, hydrogen, ammonia, freshwater, and heat for residential, agricultural, and aquaculture facilities. Thermodynamic analysis shows high energy and exergy efficiencies, as well as large-scale ammonia production meeting the needs of metropolitan areas. The hybridization of nuclear and solar technologies offers advantages of reliability, environmental friendliness, and cost efficiency compared to renewable-alone and fossil-based systems.
Editorial Material
Thermodynamics
Wojciech Stanek, Wojciech Adamczyk
Article
Thermodynamics
Desheng Xu, Yanfeng Li, Tianmei Du, Hua Zhong, Youbo Huang, Lei Li, Xiangling Duanmu
Summary: This study investigates the optimization of hybrid mechanical-natural ventilation for smoke control in complex metro stations. The results show that atrium fires are more significantly impacted by outdoor temperature variations compared to concourse/platform fires. The gathered high-temperature smoke inside the atrium can reach up to 900 K under a 5 MW train fire energy release. The findings provide crucial engineering insights into integrating weather data and adaptable ventilation protocols for smoke prevention/mitigation.
Article
Thermodynamics
Da Guo, Heping Xie, Mingzhong Gao, Jianan Li, Zhiqiang He, Ling Chen, Cong Li, Le Zhao, Dingming Wang, Yiwei Zhang, Xin Fang, Guikang Liu, Zhongya Zhou, Lin Dai
Summary: This study proposes a new in-situ pressure-preserved coring tool and elaborates its pressure-preserving mechanism. The experimental and field test results demonstrate that this tool has a high pressure-preservation capability and can maintain a stable pressure in deep wells. This study provides a theoretical framework and design standards for the development of similar technologies.
Article
Thermodynamics
Aolin Lai, Qunwei Wang
Summary: This study assesses the impact of China's de-capacity policy on renewable energy development efficiency (REDE) using the Global-MSBM model and the difference-in-differences method. The findings indicate that the policy significantly enhances REDE, promoting technological advancements and marketization. Moreover, regions with stricter environmental regulations experience a higher impact.
Article
Thermodynamics
Mostafa Ghasemi, Hegazy Rezk
Summary: This study utilizes fuzzy modeling and optimization to enhance the performance of microbial fuel cells (MFCs). By simulating and analyzing experimental data sets, the ideal parameter values for increasing power density, COD elimination, and coulombic efficiency were determined. The results demonstrate that the fuzzy model and optimization methods can significantly improve the performance of MFCs.
Article
Thermodynamics
Zhang Ruan, Lianzhong Huang, Kai Wang, Ranqi Ma, Zhongyi Wang, Rui Zhang, Haoyang Zhao, Cong Wang
Summary: This paper proposes a grey box model for fuel consumption prediction of wing-diesel hybrid vessels based on feature construction. By using both parallel and series grey box modeling methods and six machine learning algorithms, twelve combinations of prediction models are established. A feature construction method based on the aerodynamic performance of the wing and the energy relationship of the hybrid system is introduced. The best combination is obtained by considering the root mean square error, and it shows improved accuracy compared to the white box model. The proposed grey box model can accurately predict the daily fuel consumption of wing-diesel hybrid vessels, contributing to operational optimization and the greenization and decarbonization of the shipping industry.
Article
Thermodynamics
Huayi Chang, Nico Heerink, Junbiao Zhang, Ke He
Summary: This study examines the interaction between off-farm employment decisions between couples and household clean energy consumption in rural China, and finds that two-paycheck households are more likely to consume clean energy. The off-farm employment of women is a key factor driving household clean energy consumption to a higher level, with wage-employed wives having a stronger influence on these decisions than self-employed ones.
Article
Thermodynamics
Hanguan Wen, Xiufeng Liu, Ming Yang, Bo Lei, Xu Cheng, Zhe Chen
Summary: Demand-side management is crucial to smart energy systems. This paper proposes a data-driven approach to understand the relationship between energy consumption patterns and household characteristics for better DSM services. The proposed method uses a clustering algorithm to generate optimal customer groups for DSM and a deep learning model for training. The model can predict the possibility of DSM membership for a given household. The results demonstrate the usefulness of weekly energy consumption data and household socio-demographic information for distinguishing consumer groups and the potential for targeted DSM strategies.
Article
Thermodynamics
Xinglan Hou, Xiuping Zhong, Shuaishuai Nie, Yafei Wang, Guigang Tu, Yingrui Ma, Kunyan Liu, Chen Chen
Summary: This study explores the feasibility of utilizing a multi-level horizontal branch well heat recovery system in the Qiabuqia geothermal field. The research systematically investigates the effects of various engineering parameters on production temperature, establishes mathematical models to describe their relationships, and evaluates the economic viability of the system. The findings demonstrate the significant economic feasibility of the multi-level branch well system.
Article
Thermodynamics
Longxin Zhang, Songtao Wang, Site Hu
Summary: This investigation reveals the influence of tip leakage flow on the modern transonic rotor and finds that the increase of tip clearance size leads to a decline in rotor performance. However, an optimal tip clearance size can extend the rotor's stall margin.
Article
Thermodynamics
Kristian Gjoka, Behzad Rismanchi, Robert H. Crawford
Summary: This paper proposes a framework for assessing the performance of 5GDHC systems and demonstrates it through a case study in a university campus in Melbourne, Australia. The results show that 5GDHC systems are a cost-effective and environmentally viable solution in mild climates, and their successful implementation in Australia can create new market opportunities and potential adoption in other countries with similar climatic conditions.
Article
Thermodynamics
Jianwei Li, Guotai Wang, Panpan Yang, Yongshuang Wen, Leian Zhang, Rujun Song, Chengwei Hou
Summary: This study proposes an orientation-adaptive electromagnetic energy harvester by introducing a rotatable bluff body, which allows for self-regulation to cater for changing wind flow direction. Experimental results show that the output power of the energy harvester can be greatly enhanced with increased rotatory inertia of the rotating bluff body, providing a promising solution for harnessing wind-induced vibration energy.