Translation, adaption and validation of the total nasal symptom score (TNSS) for Lithuanian population

Background Allergic rhinitis is one of the most prevalent allergic diseases worldwide which diagnosis is based on typical clinical signs and positive results of allergic tests. Selection and evaluation of treatment is based mainly on subjective symptoms. Objective measurement of patients' complaints is necessary for proper documentation and follow-up. There are no short simple validated questionnaire assessing nasal symptoms in patients with allergic rhinitis in Lithuania. Total nasal symptoms score (TNSS) is a brief questionnaire which evaluate the severity of main symptoms of allergic rhinitis widely used in different countries. Our aim was to translate the TNSS in the Lithuanian language and to validate it. Methods Prospective cross-cultural adaption and validation study was performed. Linguistic validation of TNSS was performed and validity and reliability were assessed. Patients with chronic allergic and non-allergic rhinitis and healthy individuals were included in this study. Patients had to complete translated version of TNSS. Patients with allergic rhinitis additionally were asked to fill Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (RQLQ). Results Seventy-six individuals were involved into the study: 16 with non-allergic rhinitis (NAR) (21.1%), 49 with allergic rhinitis (AR) (64.5%) and 11 healthy individuals (14.5%). Cronbach's alpha was 0.87. TNSS score was significantly higher in patients with NAR and AR compared with healthy individuals (3.56 +/- 2.28 vs. 4.28 +/- 2.46 vs. 0.27 +/- 0.91). Positive significant correlation was found between TNSS score and RQLQ score (rs = 0.77, p < 0.01). Conclusions The Lithuanian version of the TNSS proved to be a valid instrument for assessing nasal symptoms in patients with allergic rhinitis.

Automated summary

The study aimed to linguistically validate and assess the validity and reliability of the Lithuanian version of the TNSS questionnaire for allergic rhinitis patients. Results showed a significant difference in TNSS scores between patients with non-allergic rhinitis, allergic rhinitis, and healthy individuals, with a positive correlation between TNSS score and RQLQ score. The TNSS proved to be a valid instrument for assessing nasal symptoms in patients with allergic rhinitis in Lithuania.