Article
Behavioral Sciences
Rory O'Connor, Gerard M. Moloney, Christine Fulling, Kenneth J. O'Riordan, Pat Fitzgerald, Thomaz F. S. Bastiaanssen, Harriet Schellekens, Timothy G. Dinan, John F. Cryan
Summary: The study found that early exposure to maternal antibiotics can lead to persistent alterations in anxiety, sociability, and cognitive behaviors in offspring mice, with the effects being more pronounced in animals treated with the broad-spectrum antibiotic cocktail.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2021)
Editorial Material
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Anna Lam, Colin Dayan, Kevan C. Herold
Summary: The study found that higher C-peptide levels in patients with type 1 diabetes can reduce the risk of severe hypoglycemia, but the precise threshold remains unclear. Preserving beta cell function early on in the disease may provide meaningful long-term health benefits for patients, although there was no significant correlation with glycosylated hemoglobin and microvascular complications.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Article
Biology
Michel E. B. Ohmer, Talisin T. Hammond, Samantha Switzer, Trina Wantman, Jeffery G. Bednark, Emilie Paciotta, Jordan Coscia, Corinne L. Richards-Zawacki
Summary: Environmental challenges during development have long-term effects on individuals, including differences in physiology and behavior. The study found that simulated pond drying and elevated temperatures affected the development and growth of amphibians, leading to smaller animals with different behavioral phenotypes post-metamorphosis. These effects have implications for disease risk and predator-prey interactions.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hong Yang, Nan Chen, Lei Fan, Xiaojing Lin, Juncheng Liu, Yuehua You, Ying Zhong, Yan Chen, Jibin Li, Xiaoqiu Xiao
Summary: Maternal high-fat diet during pregnancy and lactation has long-term effects on the pathogenesis of obesity in offspring, and the early postnatal stage is a critical window for metabolic programming.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Rosa Isela Ortiz-Huidobro, Carlos Larque, Myrian Velasco, Juan Pablo Chavez-Maldonado, Jean Sabido, Yuriko Itzel Sanchez-Zamora, Marcia Hiriart
Summary: This study examined the sexual dimorphism and underlying mechanisms of physiological insulin resistance in rats at postnatal day 20 (p20). The results showed that both male and female p20 rats exhibited elevated glucose and insulin levels, reduced systemic insulin sensitivity, and glucose intolerance. Additionally, there were sex- and tissue-related differences in the activation of insulin signaling proteins in p20 rats compared to adult rats.
CELL COMMUNICATION AND SIGNALING
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Zhaoqiang Jin, Yixue Mu, Yusheng Li, Lixiao Nie
Summary: This study assessed the energy and carbon footprints, energy and carbon production efficiency, and economic benefit of direct-seeded rice, wet direct-seeded rice, and transplanted rice. The results showed that wet direct-seeded rice and transplanted rice had higher yields than direct-seeded rice. However, direct-seeded rice had lower energy input and carbon footprint, and higher energy and carbon production efficiency. Its economic benefit was not lower than wet direct-seeded rice and transplanted rice.
JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sai Deepak Venkata Muthyala, Smriti Shankar, Cory Klemashevich, John C. Blazier, Andrew Hillhouse, Chia-Shan Wu
Summary: This study systematically evaluated the production of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and host response in mice of different ages after inulin intake. The results showed that inulin significantly increased fecal butyric acid levels in middle-aged mice and reduced Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio and dysbiotic bacteria associated with inflammation. Furthermore, inulin intake decreased fat mass and increased energy expenditure and voluntary wheel running in middle-aged mice, but not in old mice. However, the efficacy of inulin in altering the microbiome and metabolic response was diminished in old mice.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Judit Carrasco, Fernando Mateos, Valerie Hilgers
Summary: Cell-type-specific gene regulatory programs are critical for cell differentiation and function. In fruit flies, the ELAV protein family plays an essential role in generating unique transcript isoforms during neuronal differentiation. The study also reveals that the establishment of a subset of neuronal transcript isoforms by ELAV at the onset of neuronal differentiation is a developmental bottleneck that cannot be overcome by the activation of a paralog gene later in neurons. Loss of ELAV function outside of this critical time window leads to neurological defects.
Article
Immunology
Maria Angela Guzzardi, Federica La Rosa, Federico Granziera, Daniele Panetta, Mercedes Pardo-Tendero, Monica Barone, Silvia Turroni, Francesco Faita, Claudia Kusmic, Patrizia Brigidi, Daniel Monleon, Patricia Iozzo
Summary: This study aimed to identify the metabolites that mediate the effect of gut microbiota on cognitive development, and the foods or nutrients related to these metabolites. The results showed that certain metabolites can improve cognitive-behavioral performance, and are associated with dietary intake in children, such as legumes, whole-milk yogurt, eggs, iron, zinc, and vitamin D.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Cassandre Morel, Ines Martinez Sanchez, Yamina Cherifi, Nicolas Chartrel, Rochellys Diaz Heijtz
Summary: This study investigated the effects of maternal gut microbiota perturbations on neurobehavioral outcomes in offspring. The results showed that antibiotic exposure during a critical perinatal window altered ultrasonic communication patterns in male neonatal offspring. It also resulted in reduced social motivation, social interaction, and increased anxiety-like behavior in juvenile male offspring.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Georgia J. Riggs, Christine M. Barton, Corey S. Riding, Timothy J. O'Connell, Scott R. Loss
Summary: This study evaluated the effectiveness of a commercially marketed product (Feather Friendly(R) markers) in reducing bird-window collisions at bus shelters. The results showed a significant reduction in collisions at shelters treated with the product compared to untreated shelters. Treating half of Stillwater's bus shelters resulted in a 64% reduction in total annual bird collisions.
Article
Neurosciences
Francesca M. Notarangelo, Robert Schwarcz
Summary: A single injection of LPS during gestation in mice affects KP metabolites, with more pronounced effects observed in male mice upon secondary immune challenge in adulthood.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Nivedita Chatterjee, Hyunho Lee, Jiwan Kim, Doeun Kim, Sangkyu Lee, Jinhee Choi
Summary: This study investigated the adverse effects of CMIT/MIT exposure on zebrafish embryos at various developmental stages, revealing mechanisms such as spinal curvature, pericardial edema, altered heart rates, global DNA hypermethylation, and significant changes in locomotion behavior. Proteomics analysis indicated that suppression of cardiac muscle contractions and energy metabolism were potential underlying mechanisms of the adverse effects caused by CMIT/MIT. The study identified < 6 hpf as the most susceptible exposure window, followed by < 48 hpf for CMIT/MIT.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Ana M. Moreno, Fernando Aleman, Glaucilene F. Catroli, Matthew Hunt, Michael Hu, Amir Dailamy, Andrew Pla, Sarah A. Woller, Nathan Palmer, Udit Parekh, Daniella McDonald, Amanda J. Roberts, Vanessa Goodwill, Ian Dryden, Robert F. Hevner, Lauriane Delay, Gilson Goncalves dos Santos, Tony L. Yaksh, Prashant Mali
Summary: This study demonstrated successful targeted repression of Nav1.7 in mouse pain models through epigenome engineering approaches, leading to significant reduction in thermal hyperalgesia in inflammatory states and tactile allodynia in neuropathic pain without affecting normal motor function. The long-lasting analgesia achieved through this in vivo epigenetic repression of Nav1.7 methodology, named pain LATER, holds therapeutic potential in management of persistent pain states.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jingjing Zhao, Daniel Gomes, Lexiao Jin, Steven P. Mathis, Xiaohong Li, Eric C. Rouchka, Haribabu Bodduluri, Daniel J. Conklin, Timothy E. O'Toole
Summary: Vast amounts of plastic waste are disposed in water systems and landfills, and the ingestion of microplastics may promote cardiovascular disease development, although the health consequences are currently unknown.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2022)