Article
Clinical Neurology
Frank A. De Stefano, Turki Elarjani, Joshua D. Burks, Stephen S. Burks, Allan D. Levi
Summary: The study investigated trends in rhBMP-2 dosage in spinal arthrodesis, showing a significant decrease in dosage per vertebral level for PCF, PLIF/TLIF, and PLF, with major transitions seen in 2018, 2011, and 2013. Complications were significantly associated with rhBMP-2 size and dosage per level.
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Huakun Huang, Qiuping Lu, Caihong Ye, Mengqi Wei, Chunmei Yang, Lulu Zhang, Yanran Huang, Xiaoji Luo, Jinyong Luo
Summary: TAZ promotes osteogenic differentiation induced by BMP9 through multiple signal pathways.
CELL DEATH DISCOVERY
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Ali Shoushtari, Megan M. J. Bauman, Sulaman Durrani, Karim Rizwan Nathani, Mohamad Bydon
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the bibliometric parameters and citations of the literature on BMPs to provide an overview of how the field has evolved.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY-SPINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Naveed Nabizadeh, Steven D. Glassman, Mladen Djurasovic, Charles H. Crawford, Jeffrey L. Gum, Leah Carreon
Summary: The study compared the clinical utilization pattern of BMP in posteriorly based lumbar fusion between 2002-2004 and 2017-2019. The TLIF cohort showed a significant decrease in BMP dose in the interbody space in the Late group compared to the Early group. However, the total BMP dose remained similar in the PSF cohort between the Early and Late groups.
CUREUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Mathieu Bannwarth, Justin S. Smith, Shay Bess, Eric O. Klineberg, Christopher P. Ames, Gregory M. Mundis Jr, Han Jo Kim, Renaud Lafage, Munish C. Gupta, Douglas C. Burton, Christopher I. Shaffrey, Frank J. Schwab, Virginie Lafage
Summary: The study found that rhBMP-2 was used in the majority of ASD patients and was more commonly used in those with greater deformity correction. Additionally, over the last 10 years, rhBMP-2 was increasingly used for ASD patients, but the dose has decreased.
NEUROSURGICAL FOCUS
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Katharina A. C. Oswald, Sebastian F. Bigdon, Andreas S. Croft, Paola Bermudez-Lekerika, Alessandra Bergadano, Benjamin Gantenbein, Christoph E. Albers
Summary: This study aimed to develop a Standard Operating Procedure for spinal tail disc surgery in elderly Wistar rats, including preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative surgical setups, as well as specific anaesthesia and pain management protocols. By implementing this optimized SOP, successful spinal surgery in elderly rats was achieved with no complications, improving transparency, reproducibility, and external validity in experimental rat spinal surgery.
METHODS AND PROTOCOLS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Helen Power, Jiadai Wu, Stuart Turville, Anupriya Aggarwal, Peter Valtchev, Aaron Schindeler, Fariba Dehghani
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the need for new antivirals. Using virtual screening, this study identified compounds with antiviral activity against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. This validates virtual screening as a tool for discovering potential antivirals.
BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Engineering, Biomedical
Sepehr Talebian, Timothy Schofield, Peter Valtchev, Aaron Schindeler, John M. Kavanagh, Qayyum Adil, Fariba Dehghani
Summary: The potential health benefits of probiotics may not be realized due to their reduced viability during storage and gastrointestinal transit. Microencapsulation using biopolymers has been utilized to improve the resistance of probiotics to critical conditions. However, most existing methods only provide single layer protection, which is less effective than more sophisticated approaches. This review discusses emerging methods for multilayer encapsulation of probiotics using biopolymers, and examines the correlation between fabrication techniques and microparticle properties. Novel materials and approaches for multilayer structures are highlighted.
ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lucinda R. Lee, Aimee E. Holman, Xiaoying Li, Emily R. Vasiljevski, Alexandra K. O'Donohue, Tegan L. Cheng, David G. Little, Aaron Schindeler, Andrew Biggin, Craig F. Munns
Summary: This preclinical study investigated the effects of human growth hormone (hGH) and zoledronic acid (ZA) on bone quality in mice with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). The results showed that hGH alone increased bone length in wild-type mice, while the combination of hGH/ZA increased bone length in both wild-type and OI mice. MicroCT analysis revealed that hGH/ZA treatment increased cortical bone density and thickness. ZA had a greater impact on trabecular bone, but hGH rescued bone turnover. However, these improvements in bone quality did not translate into improvements in mechanical strength.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Katherine Blackshaw, Jiadai Wu, Nicholas Proschogo, Justin Davies, Daniel Oldfield, Aaron Schindeler, Richard B. Banati, Fariba Dehghani, Peter Valtchev
Summary: This study evaluated the application of freeze-drying and low-dose gamma irradiation for long-term storage of donor human milk (DHM). The results showed that this method effectively preserved the quality of DHM and could be a safe and convenient way to store and deliver it at ambient temperature, making it suitable for emergencies and humanitarian aid.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Aaron Schindeler, Lucinda R. Lee, Alexandra K. O'Donohue, Samantha L. Ginn, Craig F. Munns
Summary: This article discusses emerging technologies in cell and gene-targeted therapies, major challenges in implementing these treatment methods, and prospects for their future success in bone disorders.
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Orthopedics
Alexandra K. O'Donohue, Aiken Dao, Justin D. Bobyn, Craig F. Munns, David G. Little, Aaron Schindeler
Summary: Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), a genetic bone fragility disorder, can be treated with bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and bisphosphonates (BPs). However, the use of BMPs as local agents for fracture healing in OI may be less effective, while the combination of BMP-2 and BPs shows considerable improvements in bone volume and polar moment of inertia. Therefore, caution should be taken when using BMP-2 alone in OI surgical settings, but the off-label administration of BPs may help overcome this limitation.
JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Orthopedics
Mei Lin Tay, Brya G. Matthews, A. Paul Monk, Simon W. Young
Summary: This study aimed to identify revision indications for lateral UKA. The main revision indications for lateral UKA were OA progression, aseptic loosening, and bearing dislocation. Compared to medial UKA, lateral UKA had more common revision indications of OA progression, malalignment, instability, and bearing dislocation. Metal-backed fixed-bearing implants showed higher survivorship.
JOURNAL OF ISAKOS JOINT DISORDERS & ORTHOPAEDIC SPORTS MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alexandra K. O'Donohue, Ya Xiao, Lucinda R. Lee, Timothy Schofield, Tegan L. Cheng, Craig F. Munns, Paul A. Baldock, Aaron Schindeler
Summary: In this study, a bone-targeted recombinant adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector was used to efficiently produce postnatal skeletal knockout mice using gene-floxed strains. The AAV8-Sp7-Cre vector induced widespread and persistent recombination in the bone compartment, resulting in significant increases in bone volume and strength. This research confirms the important postnatal role of the Sost gene in regulating bone homeostasis and identifies a novel role in canalicular remodeling.
Article
Orthopedics
Stuart Irwin, Tao Wang, Scott M. Bolam, Sydel Alvares, Simon Swift, Jillian Cornish, Dustin L. Williams, Nicholas N. Ashton, Brya G. Matthews
Summary: Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a rare but severe complication of joint arthroplasty, and it is challenging to treat due to the tolerance of biofilms to antibiotics. A rat model of Staphylococcus aureus PJI was established using biofilm inocula, demonstrating its tolerance to frontline antibiotics. The use of a custom prosthetic pin and a novel bioreactor setup allowed for the generation of biofilm and the development of rapid tolerance to supra-clinical doses of cefazolin.
JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Emma J. Buckels, Joey Tan, Huai-Ling Hsu, Yuting Zhu, Christina M. Buchanan, Brya G. Matthews, Kate L. Lee
Summary: Observational studies have shown that elevated circulating preptin is associated with metabolic dysfunction in humans, but its causal role has not been established. This study found that preptin deficiency in male mice may have a positive impact on bone health but a detrimental impact on metabolism, while in female mice, it may protect against liver fat storage. Further understanding of the impact of preptin on comorbidity risk is needed.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Aiken Dao, Alexandra K. O'Donohue, Emily R. Vasiljevski, Justin D. Bobyn, David G. Little, Aaron Schindeler
Summary: This study developed a reliable and cost-effective murine bone infection model that mimics bacterial bone infections associated with biofilm and metal implants. The tibial drilled hole (TDH) and needle insertion surgery (NIS) infection models were compared, and both achieved a 100% infection rate when a metal implant was present. The NIS model was simpler to perform than the TDH model.
JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT INFECTION
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Helen Power, Peter Valtchev, Fariba Dehghani, Aaron Schindeler
Summary: This article discusses the classification of senolytic drugs and methods for screening new drugs. Researchers have discovered a range of senolytic drugs and introduce their different categories and mechanisms of action. The article also highlights the need for further research into drug targets and mechanisms, as well as rigorous evaluation in pre-clinical models and human trials.
Article
Rheumatology
Sohel M. Julovi, Aiken Dao, Katie Trinh, Alexandra K. O'Donohue, Cindy Shu, Susan Smith, Meena Shingde, Aaron Schindeler, Natasha M. Rogers, Christopher B. Little
Summary: This study developed a preclinical comorbid model of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and osteoarthritis (OA), and investigated the disease-modifying interactions between these two diseases. The findings demonstrated bidirectional disease-modifying interaction between CKD and OA.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
V. A. Shahen, A. Schindeler, M. S. Rybchyn, C. M. Girgis, B. Mulholland, R. S. Mason, I. Levinger, T. C. Brennan-Speranza
Summary: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus have a higher risk of fractures despite normal to high bone mineral density. This study investigated the effects of high glucose levels on human osteoblasts and tested the efficacy of parathyroid hormone and cinacalcet in promoting cell growth and matrix mineralization. The findings suggest that combination therapy with these two agents may ameliorate the negative impact of chronic high blood glucose on bone remodeling.
CALCIFIED TISSUE INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Jennifer A. Hollywood, Prasanna K. Kallingappa, Pang Yuk Cheung, Renita M. Martis, Sree Sreebhavan, Robert D. Atiola, Aparajita Chatterjee, Emma J. Buckels, Brya G. Matthews, Paula M. Lewis, Alan J. Davidson
Summary: This study generated a new rat model of cystinosis using gene editing technology and found that this model more faithfully recapitulates the human condition of the disease. This new model is of great importance for conducting preclinical drug testing and advancing cystinosis research.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-RENAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jemima E. Schadow, David Maxey, Toby O. Smith, Mikko A. J. Finnila, Sarah L. Manske, Neil A. Segal, Andy Kin On Wong, Rachel A. Davey, Tom Turmezei, Kathryn S. Stok
Summary: This study systematically reviewed the published parameters for assessing subchondral bone in human osteoarthritis using computed tomography. The study identified clinically meaningful parameter categories and emphasized the importance of quantification and standardized measurement methods for improving the evaluation of disease progression.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lindsay L. Loundagin, Kim D. Harrison, Xuan Wei, David M. L. Cooper
Summary: This study developed new techniques to define zones of BMU activity based on the 3D morphology of remodeling spaces in rabbit cortical bone and integrated morphological data with the BMU longitudinal erosion rate (LER) to elucidate the spatial-temporal coordination of BMUs and estimate mineral apposition rate (MAR). The results showed that the manual and semi-automated methods accurately defined the zones of remodeling spaces, and these techniques have the potential to assess dynamic parameters of bone resorption and formation.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Soroush Masrouri, Farzad Esmaeili, Maryam Tohidi, Fereidoun Azizi, Farzad Hadaegh
Summary: This study examined the association between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline and fracture incidence. The results showed that rapid kidney function decline (RKFD) can increase the incidence of fractures among the general population.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Steven J. Meas, Gabriella M. Daire, Michael A. Friedman, Rachel Denapoli, Preetam Ghosh, Joshua N. Farr, Henry J. Donahue
Summary: Age- and disuse-related bone loss both lead to decreases in bone mineral density, cortical thickness, and trabecular thickness and connectivity. It is important to experimentally compare these two mechanisms at a structural and transcriptomic level to better understand their similarities and differences. This study compares the effects of hindlimb unloading and aging on bone microarchitecture and gene expression in mice, finding that while both induce similar changes, aging has a greater impact on the transcriptome and tissue level.
Correction
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Masaru Matsuoka, Sho Tsukamoto, Yuta Orihara, Rieko Kawamura, Mai Kuratani, Nobuhiko Haga, Kenji Ikebuchi, Takenobu Katagiri
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rachel Kohler, Amy Creecy, David R. Williams, Matthew R. Allen, Joseph M. Wallace
Summary: Osteogenesis imperfecta is a hereditary bone disease that weakens bones and increase fracture risk. Current interventions mainly focus on increasing bone mass, but the compromised tissue-level material properties are not addressed. A study found that a RAL analog could reduce fracture risk, but further development is needed for optimal results in patients with osteogenesis imperfecta.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
So Jeong Park, Eunhye Ji, Hyun Ju Yoo, Kyunggon Kim, Sunghwan Ji, Ji Yeon Baek, Jin Young Lee, Hee-Won Jung, Il-Young Jang, Eunju Lee, Namki Hong, Beom-Jun Kim
Summary: The study analyzed the relationship between serum lumican levels and osteosarcopenia in older adults, showing that older adults with osteosarcopenia had lower serum lumican levels. Lower serum lumican levels were associated with reduced bone mass and grip strength, indicating that lumican levels could be used as a biomarker for assessing the risk of osteosarcopenia, osteoporosis, or sarcopenia in older adults.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Michael B. Chavez, Michelle H. Tan, Tamara N. Kolli, Natalie L. Andras, Brian L. Foster
Summary: This study revealed the complex mechanisms by which disabling BSP functional domains led to profound and distinct changes in cementoblast cell functions, including dysregulated gene expression and reduced mineralization.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Julien Seiller, Blandine Merle, Romain Fort, Emilie Virot, Solene Poutrel, Giovanna Cannas, Arnaud Hot, Roland Chapurlat
Summary: The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of bone fragility in sickle cell patients and to evaluate the potential risk factors and associated complications.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chirantap Oza, Anuradha Khadilkar, Pranay Goel, Madhura Karguppikar, Nikhil Shah, Nikhil Lohiya, Shruti Mondkar, Prashant Patil, Hemchand Prasad, Ankita Maheshwari, Dipali Ladkat, Neha Kajale, Chidvilas More, Devarati Khurjekar, Vaman Khadilkar
Summary: This study revealed that BoneXpert (BX) can be used for accurate assessment of bone age and screening of bone health in Indian children and youth with type-1 diabetes (T1D). 51.5% of T1D subjects showed significantly decreased metacarpal index (MCI). Height, Tanner stage, and vitamin D concentrations were positively correlated with MCI, while HbA1c and disease duration were negatively correlated with MCI.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mariam R. Farman, Catherine Rehder, Theodora Malli, Cheryl Rockman-Greenberg, Kathryn Dahir, Gabriel Angel Martos-Moreno, Agnes Linglart, Keiichi Ozono, Lothar Seefried, Guillermo del Angel, Gerald Webersinke, Francesca Barbazza, Lisa K. John, Sewmi M. A. Delana Mudiyanselage, Florian Hoegler, Erica Burner Nading, Erin Huggins, Eric T. Rush, Ahmed El-Gazzar, Priya S. Kishnani, Wolfgang Hoegler
Summary: The ALPL gene variant database serves as an archive for interpreting the clinical significance of ALPL gene variants, facilitating the reclassification of VUS and continuous updates. The project establishes an international expert consortium, providing a multidisciplinary collaboration framework to improve genetic counseling and medical decision-making for HPP patients.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Giovanni Adami, Davide Gatti, Maurizio Rossini, Alessandro Giollo, Matteo Gatti, Francesco Bertoldo, Eugenia Bertoldo, Amy S. Mudano, Kenneth G. Saag, Ombretta Viapiana, Angelo Fassio
Summary: Certain diseases requiring glucocorticoids are independently associated with an increased risk of fractures. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and neurological diseases are associated with both vertebral and non-vertebral fracture risk, while rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are only associated with non-vertebral fractures.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Frank C. Ko, Rong Xie, Brandon Willis, Zoe G. Herdman, Bryan A. Dulion, Hoomin Lee, Chun-do Oh, Di Chen, D. Rick Sumner
Summary: Intramembranous bone regeneration is important in joint and tooth replacement, but its underlying mechanisms are not well understood. This study found that increased periostin gene expression preceded increases in osteogenic genes during bone regeneration. Using a genetic mouse model, the researchers discovered that cells transiently expressing periostin played a critical role in intramedullary intramembranous bone regeneration.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
T. Savikangas, T. H. Suominen, M. Alen, T. Rantalainen, S. Sipila
Summary: Regular exercise, especially high-intensity physical activity, can help slow down age-related bone loss and prevent a decline in femoral neck bone mineral density.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mishaela R. Rubin, Ruban Dhaliwal
Summary: The increased risk of fractures observed in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) cannot be solely explained by modest decreases in areal bone mineral density (BMD). Accumulation of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) in bone has been suggested as a possible cause for the increased bone fragility in diabetes. Although the evidence linking AGEs and fractures in individuals with T1D is limited, recent data show that AGEs, as measured by skin intrinsic fluorescence, are a risk factor for lower BMD in T1D. Further research is needed to determine if there is a causal relationship between fractures and AGEs in T1D. If confirmed, this could lead to interventions that can reduce AGE accumulation and ultimately reduce fractures in T1D patients.
