Journal
BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS
Volume 16, Issue 2, Pages -Publisher
IOP Publishing Ltd
DOI: 10.1088/1748-605X/abca4a
Keywords
NIR-II fluorescence imaging; photothermal therapy; tail emission; brightness
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51673180, 51873201]
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Near-infrared bio-channel (NIR-II) fluorescence imaging technology offers advantages in deep tissue imaging with high spatial resolution, aiding in accurate disease diagnosis. However, challenges such as the hydrophobicity and non-selectivity of many fluorescent materials hinder imaging results, prompting the development of strategies to enhance brightness and improve imaging performance.
Fluorescence imaging technology in the second near-infrared bio-channel (NIR-II) has the advantages of low light scattering and weak autofluorescence. It can obtain high spatial resolution imaging in deeper biological tissues and realize accurate diagnosis in the lesion. As a new cancer treatment method, photothermal therapy has the characteristics of obvious curative effect and small side effects. However, the hydrophobicity and non-selectivity of many fluorescent materials, aggregation-induced fluorescence quenching, and other problems lead to undesirable imaging results. Here, we reviewed the structure of the NIR-II fluorescent molecules and these dyes whose fluorescence tail emission is in the NIR-II bio-channel, discussed in detail how to realize the redshift of the dye wavelength, including modifying the push-pull electron system, extending the conjugated chain, and forming J-aggregates and other methods. We also summarize some strategies to improve brightness, including responsiveness, targeting, adjustment of aggregation mode, and aggregation-induced emission effect, thereby improving the imaging performance and therapeutic effect of NIR-II fluorescent dyes.
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