Article
Oncology
Jiajing Niu, Jiamei Wang, Qi Zhang, Zhihua Zou, Yushuang Ding
Summary: The study revealed that sublethal doses of cinobufagin suppressed the viability of cancer cells by inducing oxidative stress, leading to DNA damage and cell cycle regulation that ultimately resulted in the induction of apoptosis.
CANCER CELL INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Biology
Nida N. Farshori, Maqsood A. Siddiqui, Mai M. Al-Oqail, Ebtesam S. Al-Sheddi, Shaza M. Al-Massarani, Quaiser Saquib, Javed Ahmad, Abdulaziz A. Al-Khedhairy
Summary: The study demonstrated that AVE exhibits significant cytotoxicity against MCF-7 and A-549 cells, inducing apoptosis and DNA damage. AVE exerts its anticancer effects by increasing ROS production and decreasing MMP levels, as well as by causing cell cycle arrest and modulating the expression of apoptosis-related genes.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xin-ge Ke, Yi-yi Xiong, Bing Yu, Chong Yuan, Peng-yu Chen, Yan-fang Yang, He-zhen Wu
Summary: Mollugin has been found to exhibit anti-tumor activity by inducing DNA damage and cell cycle arrest in hepatocellular carcinoma.
CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Zhipeng Hong, Tao Liu, Lingfeng Wan, Pengyan Fa, Pankaj Kumar, Yanan Cao, Chandra Bhushan Prasad, Zhaojun Qiu, Joseph Liu, Hongbing Wang, Zaibo Li, Qi-En Wang, Peixuan Guo, Deliang Guo, Ayse S. Yilmaz, Lanchun Lu, Ioanna Papandreou, Naduparambil K. Jacob, Chunhong Yan, Xiaoli Zhang, Qing-Bai She, Zhefu Ma, Junran Zhang
Summary: This study investigates the importance of Squalene epoxidase (SQLE) in breast cancer and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and reveals its potential as a novel tumor-specific radiosensitizer. The study found that SQLE is frequently overexpressed in these cancers and its inhibition enhances cancer cell radiosensitivity and sensitivity to PARP inhibition. Furthermore, SQLE inhibition disrupts homologous recombination and promotes endoplasmic reticulum stress response. Repurposing existing SQLE-inhibiting drugs may provide new cancer treatments.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Huan Liu, Wenchao Zhang, Lijie Jin, Shasha Liu, Liying Liang, Yanfei Wei
Summary: This study investigates the anticancer mechanism of Plumbagin (PLB) and its potential connections with oxidative stress, genotoxicity, and cell cycle arrest. The results indicate that PLB significantly inhibits HCC cell viability and colony formation, induces G2/M cell cycle arrest, oxidative stress, and DNA damage. These effects can be attenuated by NAC pretreatment. PLB triggers a DNA damage response by activating ATM, Chk1, Chk2, and p53. Furthermore, the key modulator of the G2/M transition factor, cdc25C, is downregulated in an ROS-dependent manner. Inhibition of the ATM-p53 pathway can reduce the occurrence of G2/M cell cycle arrest. Therefore, ROS-mediated oxidative stress plays a crucial role in PLB-induced G2/M cell cycle arrest mediated by the ATM-p53 pathway.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Conor Hanna, Victoria L. Dunne, Steven M. Walker, Karl T. Butterworth, Nuala McCabe, David J. J. Waugh, Richard D. Kennedy, Kevin M. Prise
Summary: Prostate cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in men, with the role of the PTEN gene being complex but important in its treatment. Studies suggest that in the absence of PTEN, combined treatment using radiotherapy and the ATM inhibitor KU-60019 has a greater therapeutic effect.
Article
Plant Sciences
Xi Gong, Jing Cheng, Kunshan Zhang, Yanlu Wang, Siguang Li, Yuping Luo
Summary: This study investigated the neuroprotective mechanism of Gastrodia elata Blume on hypoxia-induced neuronal injury, revealing its effect on DNA damage repair and providing a potential therapeutic approach.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ramona N. Moro, Uddipta Biswas, Suhas S. Kharat, Filip D. Duzanic, Prosun Das, Maria Stavrou, Maria C. Raso, Raimundo Freire, Arnab Ray Chaudhuri, Shyam K. Sharan, Lorenza Penengo
Summary: The basal activation of the interferon/ISG15 pathway is crucial for the stability of nascent DNA during replication, and its upregulation promotes viability, proliferation, and acquisition of drug resistance in BRCA1/2 deficient cells.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Review
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Bogi Andersen, Junyan Duan, Satya Swaroop Karri
Summary: Diurnal oscillations in stem cell proliferation exist in multiple internal epithelia, and the circadian clock plays a crucial role in regulating these oscillations in epidermal stem cell proliferation. The circadian clock also regulates DNA repair and damage response in epidermal stem cells. Disruption of circadian rhythms can lead to asynchrony between metabolism and the cell cycle, resulting in oxidative DNA damage, dysfunction of epidermal stem cells, and skin aging.
Article
Cell Biology
Halil Ibrahim Toy, Gokhan Karakulah, Panagiota I. Kontou, Hani Alotaibi, Alexandros G. Georgakilas, Athanasia Pavlopoulou
Summary: Radioresistance is a major challenge in cancer treatment, and understanding the genes related to cancer cell radioresistance could be beneficial for diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy. Through a bioinformatics approach, 36 potential biomarkers were identified, primarily involved in DNA damage repair, oxidative stress, cell pro-survival, and apoptotic pathways, with potential applications in enhancing cancer cell susceptibility to radiation therapy in laboratory and clinical settings.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rita Hargitai, David Kis, Eszter Persa, Tunde Szatmari, Geza Safrany, Katalin Lumniczky
Summary: The study shows that extracellular vesicles (EVs) from irradiated mice can affect the redox status and expression of radiation-response genes in bystander mice. Irradiation with 2 Gy leads to increased lipid peroxidation and altered gene expression. EVs cause decreased expression of antioxidant enzyme genes and iNOS2 in bystander mice.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Alla I. I. Potapovich, Tatyana V. V. Kostyuk, Olga V. V. Ishutina, Tatsiana G. G. Shutava, Vladimir A. A. Kostyuk
Summary: Due to poor water solubility of plant polyphenols, their bioavailability is low. To overcome this limitation, polymeric materials can be used to coat drug molecules with multiple layers. Microcrystals of quercetin and resveratrol coated with (PAH/PSS)(4) or (CH/DexS)(4) shell were prepared. UV-C induced damage to human HaCaT keratinocytes was evaluated by treating cells with native and particulate polyphenols. The results showed that both native and particulate polyphenols increased cell viability after UV-C exposure in a dose-dependent manner, with particulate quercetin showing a more pronounced effect. Quercetin coated with (CH/DexS)(4) shell effectively reduced DNA lesions in keratinocyte nuclei, while both native and particulate resveratrol were ineffective against DNA damage. Quercetin enhances cell survival and DNA repair capacity, with the coating of (CH/DexS)(4) shell further enhancing its impact on DNA repair.
NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERGS ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zied Boudhraa, Kossay Zaoui, Hubert Fleury, Maxime Cahuzac, Sophie Gilbert, Guergana Tchakarska, Jennifer Kendall-Dupont, Euridice Carmona, Diane Provencher, Anne-Marie Mes-Masson
Summary: The study demonstrates a new approach to target epithelial ovarian cancer survival by inhibiting Ran. There is an inverse correlation between Ran and NR1D1, playing a crucial role in aneuploid cells. Ran affects DNA repair pathways by destabilizing NR1D1 mRNA through miR4472 interference.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kaoru Okamoto Yoshiyama, Norihiko L. Okamoto, Jun Hidema, Atsushi Higashitani
Summary: Far-ultraviolet radiation C light (far-UVC; 222 nm wavelength) has been considered as a safer light for killing pathogenic bacteria and viruses, but its effectiveness and potential biological damage compared to 254-UVC (254 nm wavelength) were unclear. This study found that 222-UVC caused slightly less DNA damage but had a significant effect on motility loss and severe damage to the sensory nervous system in a model organism, Caenorhabditis elegans. In contrast, 254-UVC had a higher impact on survival of eggs and chromosomal condensation. These results suggest that 222-UVC is less penetrating but causes more severe damage in tissues near the surface.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Oriya Vardi-Yaacov, Adar Yaacov, Shai Rosenberg, Itamar Simon
Summary: Cancer somatic mutations are influenced by multiple mutational and repair processes, some of which are tied to DNA replication. Research shows that late replication timing regions tend to have higher mutation rates (MR), but this association can be affected by different factors. A systematic analysis of nearly 3,000 tumors reveals that about one third of the samples have a weak association between replication timing and mutation rate. These samples exhibit unique mutational signatures and are enriched with mutations in genes involved in DNA replication, repair, and chromatin structure. Surprisingly, tumors with weak associations are found to have genes associated with cell-cell communication and the immune system, suggesting a non-autonomous response to DNA damage.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)