Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Piotr Kanclerz, Raimo Tuuminen, Ramin Khoramnia
Summary: This study reviewed the imaging modalities used for diabetic retinopathy screening, showing significantly different technical failure rates among various techniques. Smartphone-based imaging had a significantly higher publication bias factor compared to mydriatic and non-mydriatic digital fundus photography.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Linus G. Jansen, Payal Shah, Bettina Wabbels, Frank G. Holz, Robert P. Finger, Maximilian W. M. Wintergerst
Summary: The study evaluated the feasibility of upskilling alternative healthcare cadres in smartphone-based fundus imaging (SBFI) and found that with relatively short training, both ophthalmic assistants and ophthalmologists showed improved examination time, usable field-of-view, and image quality. The results suggest that SBFI is highly learnable and can produce comparable results across different healthcare cadres, aiding in the implementation and planning of future SBFI field studies.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Ophthalmology
Vivian Schreur, Morten B. Larsen, Lucia Sobrin, Abdhish R. Bhavsar, Anneke den Hollander, B. Jeroen Klevering, Carel B. Hoyng, Eiko K. de Jong, Jakob Grauslund, Tunde Peto
Summary: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a significant complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) globally. The development of imaging modalities and emerging treatment options have improved prevention of vision loss through large-scale screening programs. Combining information from various imaging techniques can help design more personalized care for DR patients.
ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Selina L. Liu, John R. Gonder, Ehsan Owrangi, Neil S. Klar, Irene M. Hramiak, Artem Uvarov, Jeffrey L. Mahon
Summary: This study examined whether nonmydriatic ultra-widefield screening on the day of a diabetes clinic visit improved detection of clinically important eye disease. The results showed that more eye diseases were detected in the on-site screening group compared to the usual screening group, demonstrating the effectiveness of nonmydriatic ultra-widefield screening in improving screening quality.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Kyle J. Wilson, Amit Dhalla, Yanda Meng, Zhanhan Tu, Yalin Zheng, Priscilla Mhango, Karl B. Seydel, Nicholas A. V. Beare
Summary: This study explored the role of retinal imaging in diagnosis and prognostication of cerebral malaria (CM) and provided insights into the pathophysiology of the disease. The research found that retinal imaging is useful both as a clinical tool for CM assessment and as a scientific instrument to understand the condition. Further research into retinal imaging technologies in CM is warranted.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
E. Midena, G. Marchione, S. Di Giorgio, G. Rotondi, E. Longhin, L. Frizziero, E. Pilotto, R. Parrozzani, G. Midena
Summary: UWF fundus imaging can accurately classify major retinal diseases and may be an alternative to ophthalmoscopy, expanding the range of diseases that can be diagnosed through teleophthalmology.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Edoardo Midena, Luca Zennaro, Cristian Lapo, Tommaso Torresin, Giulia Midena, Elisabetta Pilotto, Luisa Frizziero
Summary: The aim of this study was to validate the performance of the Optomed Aurora(R) handheld fundus camera in diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening. The results showed that the Aurora (R) performed well in detecting and grading DR, diabetic maculopathy (DM), and hypertensive retinopathy (HR) with comparable results to a standard table-top fundus camera. Therefore, the Aurora (R) can be integrated into telemedicine solutions and artificial intelligence services, making it particularly suitable for DR screening.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Ophthalmology
Ramachandran Rajalakshmi, Vijayaraghavan Prathiba, Subramanian Arulmalar, Manoharan Usha
Summary: The global burden of diabetes has led to an increase in diabetic retinopathy (DR), emphasizing the importance of lifelong screening for early detection. Colour fundus photography (CFP) is useful for documentation and counselling, while new technologies like smartphone and handheld fundus cameras are gaining popularity for DR screening and management.
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Michael Aronov, Raviv Allon, Danielle Stave, Michael Belkin, Eyal Margalit, Ido Didi Fabian, Barak Rosenzweig
Summary: The study found significant associations between retinal vascular changes and kidney dysfunction, providing important data on current kidney disease status and predicting future risk for kidney disease development and progression.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Abhinav Dhami, Gaurav Gupta, Nimrata Bajaj Dhami, Nishant Arora, Gobinder Singh Dhami
Summary: The study demonstrates that wide field retinal imaging is increasingly effective in retinopathy of prematurity screening, aiding parents in better understanding the disease. The majority of parents expressed satisfaction with both screening modalities, with a preference shown towards wide field imaging by some.
INDIAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Somya Kumari, Pradeep Venkatesh, Nikhil Tandon, Rohan Chawla, Brijesh Takkar, Atul Kumar
Summary: The study demonstrates that Selfie Fundus Imaging (SFI) is a feasible method, allowing patients to easily capture retinal images using smartphones with high sensitivity. SFI may help break the barriers of availability, accessibility, and affordability in diabetic retinopathy screening programs.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Mohamed Elsharkawy, Mostafa Elrazzaz, Ahmed Sharafeldeen, Marah Alhalabi, Fahmi Khalifa, Ahmed Soliman, Ahmed Elnakib, Ali Mahmoud, Mohammed Ghazal, Eman El-Daydamony, Ahmed Atwan, Harpal Singh Sandhu, Ayman El-Baz
Summary: Diabetic retinopathy is a devastating condition that leads to retinal blindness in people with diabetes. This article provides a comprehensive overview of different imaging modalities and machine learning models used in the diagnosis and grading of DR. It discusses the limitations of existing literature, research gaps, and future directions. The integration of different imaging modalities and demographic data with clinical information is crucial for promising results in diagnosing and grading DR.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Mariantonia Ferrara, Alessandra Loda, Giulia Coco, Piergiacomo Grassi, Silvia Cestaro, Sara Rezzola, Vito Romano, Francesco Semeraro
Summary: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus and the leading cause of acquired blindness in the working-age population. Clinical biomarkers play a crucial role in the early diagnosis of DR and the detection of prognostic factors, as symptoms may be absent in the early stages. Imaging techniques are fundamental tools for various aspects of DR management.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Susmit Das, Helen J. Kuht, Ian de Silva, Sundeep S. Deol, Lina Osman, Joyce Burns, Nagini Sarvananthan, Usman Sarodia, Bharat Kapoor, Tahir Islam, Raghavan Sampath, Alicia Poyser, Vasileios Konidaris, Rossella Anzidei, Frank A. Proudlock, Mervyn G. Thomas
Summary: This study compared the feasibility and clinical utility of five fundus cameras. The results showed that Remidio and Pictor achieved comparable results to the Zeiss table-top camera, while iNview and oDocs had lower performance. Zeiss performed best in cup:disc ratio estimates and diagnostic sensitivity. Therefore, Remidio and Pictor may be more cost-effective alternatives in certain clinical scenarios.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Aki Kato, Keiichiro Fujishima, Kazuhisa Takami, Naomi Inoue, Noriaki Takase, Norihiro Suzuki, Katsuya Suzuki, Soichiro Kuwayama, Akiko Yamada, Katsuhisa Sakai, Ryosuke Horita, Miho Nozaki, Munenori Yoshida, Yoshio Hirano, Tsutomu Yasukawa, Yuichiro Ogura
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the feasibility of a remote interpretation system for retinal images using an ultra-widefield retinal imaging device. Remote interpretation proved to be useful for diabetic retinopathy screening, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic where it can ensure social distancing and reduce the number of ophthalmic visits for both patients and clinicians.
DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2021)
Review
Ophthalmology
Elon H. C. van Dijk, Helena M. A. Feenstra, Jakob Bjerager, Jakob Grauslund, Camiel J. F. Boon, Yousif Subhi
Summary: The treatment of chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (cCSC) is controversial. This study reviewed the short-term efficacy of different cCSC treatments and found that half-dose/half-fluence photodynamic therapy (PDT), conventional laser, and selective retina therapy (SRT) provide significant improvement compared to no treatment. Half-dose/half-fluence PDT is the only viable treatment option for cCSC patients.
ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Jakob Grauslund, Frederik Norregaard Pedersen, Nis Andersen, Jens Andresen, Toke Bek, Sebastian Dinesen, Javad Hajari, Steffen Heegaard, Kurt Hojlund, Caroline Schmidt Laugesen, Ryo Kawasaki, Soren Moller, Katja Christina Schielke, Anne Suhr Thykjaer, Lonny Stokholm
Summary: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and incidence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes in the Danish DR screening program. The use of insulin and the duration of diabetes were found to be the most important predictors for the development of DR, while cholesterol-lowering medicine was a protective factor.
ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Anne Suhr Thykjaer, Jens Andresen, Nis Andersen, Toke Bek, Steffen Heegaard, Javad Hajari, Caroline Schmidt Laugesen, Soren Moller, Frederik Norregaard Pedersen, Ryo Kawasaki, Kurt Hojlund, Katrine Hass Rubin, Lonny Stokholm, Tunde Peto, Jakob Grauslund
Summary: The Danish Registry of Diabetic Retinopathy includes information from over 200,000 patients who attend diabetic retinopathy screening in Denmark. A clinical reliability study was conducted to determine the agreement between primary screening ophthalmologists and certified graders. The overall inter-grader agreement was 93%, with agreement rates of 96% for screening facilities associated with practicing ophthalmologists and 90% for hospital-based graders.
ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA
(2023)
Review
Ophthalmology
Jeppe Kirkegaard Holtz, Benjamin Sommer Thinggaard, Jakob Grauslund, Yousif Subhi
Summary: Rodent studies suggest that oral metformin use can reduce inflammation, inhibit cell apoptosis, and prolong lifespan. Epidemiological evidence shows that oral metformin use may protect against age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in humans. A systematic review and meta-analysis of nine studies involving 1,427,074 individuals with diabetes found that metformin users had a significantly lower risk of AMD compared to non-users. However, there were inconsistent findings among individual studies and potential publication bias, indicating the need for careful interpretation.
ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Frederik N. Pedersen, Jacob V. Stidsen, Martin N. Rasmussen, Henning-Beck Nielsen, Jan Erik Henriksen, Thomas Bastholm Olesen, Michael Hecht Olsen, Jens S. Nielsen, Kurt Hojlund, Soren Leer Blindbaek, Jakob Grauslund
Summary: This study examined the differences in subclinical retinal microvascular structure and diabetic retinopathy (DR) among newly diagnosed patients with different subphenotypes of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) or latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The results showed that there were no significant differences in retinal microvascular structure between subtypes, but newly diagnosed patients with hyperinsulinaemic T2DM were more likely to have DR compared to those with classical T2DM.
ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Kathrine Leth-Moller Christensen, Ditte Borup Kristjansen, Anna Stage Vergmann, Thomas Lee Torp, Tunde Peto, Jakob Grauslund
Summary: The purpose of this study was to test if non-invasive measurements of the retinal vascular structure could predict the treatment response in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). The results showed that retinal venular length-diameter ratio (LDR) independently predicted the initial treatment response in nAMD patients. If confirmed by long-term prospective studies, this could help guide treatment.
ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA
(2023)
Review
Ophthalmology
Laima Brazionis, Nicola Quinn, Sami Dabbah, Chris D. Ryan, Dennis M. Moller, Hilary Richardson, Anthony C. Keech, Andrzej S. Januszewski, Jakob Grauslund, Malin Lundberg Rasmussen, Tunde Peto, Alicia J. Jenkins
Summary: Advancements in retinal imaging technology have made it possible to quantitatively evaluate the retinal vasculature. Changes in retinal vessel caliber and geometry have been observed in various systemic diseases and neurodegenerative diseases. Several retinal vessel analysis softwares are available, some specific to certain diseases and others for a broader context. In research studies, semi-automated software has identified associations between retinal vessel caliber and geometry and the presence or risk of diseases such as diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and dementia. This article reviews and compares widely used semi-automated retinal vessel analysis softwares and their associations with ocular imaging findings in common systemic diseases. Original data comparing retinal caliber grading in individuals with Type 1 diabetes using two softwares is also provided, showing good agreement.
GRAEFES ARCHIVE FOR CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Katrine Hartmund Frederiksen, Lonny Stokholm, Soeren Moeller, Benjamin Sommer Thinggaard, Ryo Kawasaki, Tunde Peto, Jakob Grauslund
Summary: This study evaluated the association between anti-VEGF treatment and the risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in patients with retinal vein occlusion. The results showed that anti-VEGF treatment did not increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and death in this population-based clinical practice. However, there might be an increased risk of intracranial hemorrhage, which needs further investigation.
OPHTHALMOLOGY RETINA
(2023)
Review
Ophthalmology
Janni M. E. Larsson, Lars C. Boberg-Ans, Andreas Vangsted, Elon H. C. van Dijk, Jakob Grauslund, Javad N. Hajari, Oliver N. Klefter, Miklos Schneider, Yousif Subhi
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the efficacy of topical NSAIDs for the treatment of CSC. Thirteen eligible studies involving 1001 eyes of 994 patients were included. The findings showed a slight improvement in visual acuity at 1-month follow-up, but no statistically significant difference at 3-month follow-up. In addition, there was no clear benefit in complete subretinal fluid resolution. Therefore, the current evidence does not support the use of topical NSAIDs for CSC treatment.
ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Frederik N. Pedersen, Lonny Stokholm, Nis Andersen, Jens Andresen, Toke Bek, Javad N. Hajari, Steffen Heegaard, Kurt Hojlund, Ryo Kawasaki, Soren Moller, Caroline S. Laugesen, Katja C. Schielke, Anne S. Thykjaer, Tunde Peto, Frans Pouwer, Jakob Grauslund
Summary: This nationwide study found that individuals with diabetic retinopathy (DR) were less likely to have a history of depression, suggesting a lower likelihood of depression among patients with DR. However, there was no evidence to support a bidirectional association between DR and depression.
JOURNAL OF DIABETES AND ITS COMPLICATIONS
(2023)
Review
Ophthalmology
Helene O. Larsen, Jakob Grauslund, Anna S. Vergmann
Summary: This review assesses the efficacy, durability, and safety of faricimab in patients with nAMD and DMO. It summarizes the findings of current studies on faricimab and discusses its potential as a new treatment option.
OPHTHALMOLOGY AND THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Katrine Hartmund Frederiksen, Frederik Norregaard Pedersen, Anna Stage Vergmann, Dawei Yang, Caroline Schmidt Laugesen, Jesper Pindbo Vestergaard, Torben Lykke Sorensen, Carol Y. Cheung, Ryo Kawasaki, Tunde Peto, Jakob Grauslund
Summary: Vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors have improved visual outcomes in macular edema caused by branch retinal vein occlusion. However, predicting clinical outcomes is important for personalized treatment. In a 12-month prospective study, baseline retinal oximetry, OCT-A, and microperimetry were evaluated as predictors. A higher retinal arteriolar oxygen saturation was found in patients not needing additional treatment, but overall, these markers were not predictive of treatment or outcome.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RETINA AND VITREOUS
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Anna Rebien Clausen, Lonny Stokholm, Morten Blaabjerg, Katrine Hartmund Frederiksen, Frederik Norregaard Pedersen, Jakob Grauslund
Summary: This study investigates whether retinal artery occlusion (RAO) can be an independent biomarker for incident dementia. A nationwide cohort study in Denmark showed that individuals with RAO had a higher incidence of dementia. However, this association disappeared when confounding factors were taken into account.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RETINA AND VITREOUS
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Sebastian Dinesen, Lonny Stokholm, Yousif Subhi, Tunde Peto, Thiusius Rajeeth Savarimuthu, Nis Andersen, Jens Andresen, Toke Bek, Javad Hajari, Steffen Heegaard, Kurt Hojlund, Caroline Schmidt Laugesen, Ryo Kawasaki, Soren Moller, Katja Schielke, Anne Suhr Thykjaer, Frederik Pedersen, Jakob Grauslund
Summary: This study evaluated the progression rates of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and identified the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients who developed PDR. The results showed that within 5 years, 2384 eyes of 1780 patients progressed to PDR. Factors associated with PDR development included longer duration of diabetes, type 1 diabetes, systemic comorbidity, use of insulin, and antihypertensive medications.
OPHTHALMOLOGY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Lasse Jorgensen Cehofski, Kentaro Kojima, Natsuki Kusada, Maja Rasmussen, Danson Vasanthan Muttuvelu, Jakob Grauslund, Henrik Vorum, Bent Honore
Summary: Proteomic analysis of aqueous humor in patients with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) revealed differential expression of various proteins that correlated with visual acuity and macular edema severity, including fibrinogen, fibronectin, and immunoglobulins.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2023)