Review
Psychiatry
Florent Poupart, Manon Bouscail, Gesine Sturm, Adrien Bensoussan, Gael Galliot, Tudi Goze
Summary: This study investigates how delusional ideation influences behavior in psychopathological literature. Findings suggest that behavioral disorders driven by emotional outbursts (e.g. anger and fear) rather than delusional content. Phenomenological psychiatry and analytical philosophy play important roles in conceptual research on delusional inconsequentiality, guiding further research in contemporary psychopathology.
COMPREHENSIVE PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Review
Psychiatry
Cyril Hanin, Isabelle Arnulf, Jean-Baptiste Maranci, Michel Lecendreux, Douglas F. Levinson, David Cohen, Claudine Laurent-Levinson
Summary: Studies have shown that narcolepsy patients may experience hallucinations and dissociation symptoms during transition between sleep and wakefulness. Some patients may experience dream/reality confusion or delusions, while others may have comorbid schizophrenia spectrum disorder unrelated to sleep.
ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Predrag Petrovic, Philipp Sterzer
Summary: The neurocomputational framework of predictive processing (PP) offers a promising explanation for delusions in psychotic disorders. According to PP, the brain makes inferences about the world by weighing prior beliefs against sensory data. Psychosis has been associated with reduced weighting of priors, but delusional beliefs are highly resistant to change, suggesting increased weighting of priors. We propose that this delusion paradox can be resolved within a hierarchical PP model.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
K. Acar, O. Horntvedt, A. Cabrera, A. Olsson, M. Ingvar, A. Lebedev, P. Petrovic
Summary: The rapid spread of COVID-19 conspiracy ideas poses a threat to vaccination programs. This study reveals that delusion proneness is a key cognitive factor underlying pandemic-related conspiracy beliefs.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Ryan T. McKay, Robert M. Ross
Summary: Research has shown a connection between religious beliefs and delusional cognition, with religious content being common in delusions. The prevailing psychiatric view that culturally accepted religious beliefs are not delusional has clinical value, and there is a growing recognition of the social function of belief formation.
CURRENT OPINION IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Georges Naasan, Suzanne M. Shdo, Estrella Morenas Rodriguez, Salvatore Spina, Lea Grinberg, Lucia Lopez, Anna Karydas, William W. Seeley, Bruce L. Miller, Katherine P. Rankin
Summary: This study compared the rates and content of psychosis in patients with different neurodegenerative diseases. It found that patients with Lewy body disease/Alzheimer's disease pathology were more likely to have hallucinations, while patients with FTLD-TDP were more likely to have delusions. The data suggests that the nature and content of psychosis can provide valuable information about underlying neurodegenerative pathology.
Article
Psychiatry
Jakob Scheunemann, Rabea Fischer, Steffen Moritz
Summary: Individuals with psychotic-like experiences and psychosis tend to seek less advice but use available advice more, especially those with more frequent psychotic-like experiences. This suggests an overcorrection in response to new incoming information and challenges the assumption of general belief inflexibility in people with psychotic experiences.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Allison Zuckerberg, Margaret Carter, Tyler A. Barreto, Ruby Barghini
Summary: This report presents a rare case of an individual simultaneously sharing delusions with two different people. It raises questions about the person, her delusions, and their believability to others. Shared delusions most commonly occur in relative isolation and disproportionately affect individuals with preexisting psychiatric comorbidities. This is the first documented case of a newly developed delusion shared between two unrelated patients in a single psychiatric unit. Further research is needed to diagnose, manage, and optimize treatment for shared delusions in settings such as inpatient psychiatric facilities.
CUREUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Kenneth Graham Drinkwater, Neil Dagnall, Andrew Denovan, Christopher Williams
Summary: This study found that within-individual variations in paranormal experience were related to belief in the paranormal, proneness to reality testing deficits, and emotion-based reasoning, but had less influence on belief in science. Experiential factors influenced levels of intrapsychic activity in subtle and complex ways, especially in relation to auditory and visual hallucinations, and delusional thinking. Identification of profiles and inter-class comparisons provided a sophisticated understanding of the relative contribution of experiential factors to differences in paranormal belief, belief in science, proneness to reality testing deficits, and emotion-based reasoning.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Lia Corral, Javier Labad, Susana Ochoa, Angel Cabezas, Gerard Muntane, Joaquin Valero, Vanessa Sanchez-Gistau, Maribel Ahuir, David Gallardo-Pujol, Josep Maria Crosas, Diego Palao, Elisabet Vilella, Alfonso Gutierrez-Zotes
Summary: Cognitive biases play a critical role in the development and persistence of delusions in psychosis. The Cognitive Biases Questionnaire for Psychosis (CBQp) is a new self-reported questionnaire designed to evaluate different types of cognitive biases in psychosis. The study found associations between cognitive biases, self-certainty, cognitive insight, and delusional experiences, as well as significantly higher scores in cognitive biases for patients with psychosis compared to healthy controls.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
History & Philosophy Of Science
Kengo Miyazono, Alessandro Salice
Summary: The dominant conception of delusion in psychiatry focuses on individual epistemic processes rather than social epistemic processes, which ignores the potential impact of social factors on the development of delusions.
Article
Psychiatry
Alexander Balcerac, Antoine Baldacci, Alix Romier, Sophie Annette, Baptiste Lemarchand, Kevin Bihan, Hugo Bottemanne
Summary: This article provides a comprehensive analysis of drug-induced delusion based on the WHO pharmacovigilance database, identifying 66 molecules statistically associated with delusion. The results help clinicians identify potential drugs associated with delusion and guide decisions regarding drug discontinuation, leading to a possible re-evaluation of drug labels.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Kenneth Graham Drinkwater, Neil Dagnall, Andrew Denovan, Christopher Williams
Summary: This study found that among individuals with different levels of self-professed paranormal abilities, paranormal practitioners tended to score higher, showing stronger proneness to reality testing deficits, paranormal belief, and emotion-based reasoning; and compared to the group who claimed to have no paranormal abilities, the group who claimed to have paranormal abilities also exhibited similar differences.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Psychology, Developmental
Anna Sunshine, Jon McClellan
Summary: Psychotic symptoms, such as hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking and behaviors, are characteristic of schizophrenia but can occur in other psychiatric and medical conditions. Many children and adolescents experience psychotic-like symptoms, which may be linked to other psychopathology and past experiences. However, most youth reporting such symptoms do not have or develop schizophrenia or another psychotic disorder. Accurate assessment is crucial as different presentations have different diagnostic and treatment implications. This review focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of early onset schizophrenia, as well as the development of community-based first-episode psychosis programs and the importance of early intervention and coordinated care.
JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Brian O'Donoghue, John Lyne, Eric Roche, Nathan Mifsud, Laoise Renwick, Caragh Behan, Mary Clarke
Summary: This study found that migrants from Africa have a nearly twofold increased risk of developing a psychotic disorder compared to those born in the Republic of Ireland, while migrants from certain Asian countries have a reduced risk. Further research into the factors behind this increased risk in specific migrant groups could provide insights into the cause of psychotic disorders.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Paul Deutchman, Mark Bracic, Nichola Raihani, Katherine McAuliffe
Summary: There are two main functional explanations for second-party punishment: fitness-leveling and deterrence. Through an experiment, it was found that punishment is significantly influenced by theft, with punishment being most frequent in cases of disadvantageous inequity. However, people also engage in punishment in the absence of theft, particularly when faced with disadvantageous inequity.
EVOLUTION AND HUMAN BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Review
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Junhui Wu, Shenghua Luan, Nichola Raihani
Summary: Rewards and punishment can potentially promote prosocial behavior by changing the payoff structures of social interactions, but there are boundary conditions for their effectiveness. Recent research highlights the importance of field studies on how rewards and punishment can enhance prosocial behavior in real-world settings, as well as the need to integrate different methodologies to better examine their effects.
CURRENT OPINION IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biology
Hector M. Manrique, Henriette Zeidler, Gilbert Roberts, Pat Barclay, Michael Walker, Flora Samu, Andrea Farina, Redouan Bshary, Nichola Raihani
Summary: Humans care about reputation, which can drive them to help even without clear benefits. A large working memory enhances the ability to delay gratification, understand others' mental states, and create norms, which are essential for reputation-based cooperation.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biology
Gilbert Roberts, Nichola Raihani, Redouan Bshary, Hector M. Manrique, Andrea Farina, Flora Samu, Pat Barclay
Summary: When one individual helps another, it not only benefits the recipient, but also may gain a reputation for being cooperative, leading to favoritism in future interactions. Indirect reciprocity and signaling theory are major mechanisms through which developing a cooperative reputation can provide a competitive advantage. The benefits of being seen as cooperative have been a significant driving force for sociality, particularly in humans.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biology
Tommaso Batistoni, Pat Barclay, Nichola J. Raihani
Summary: Third-party punishment and helping can both serve as signals of cooperative intent, but there is a higher investment in helping. Partner choice does not have a direct effect on investment in punishment or helping. Third-parties who invest more are more likely to be chosen in subsequent trust games, with the preference for higher investors being more pronounced in the help condition. Investments in third-party punishment or helping reliably signal trustworthiness.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biology
Uri Hertz, Vaughan Bell, Nichola Raihani
Summary: Social learning is crucial for the success of our species, with individuals more likely to immediately follow advice than to copy observed choices. Results show that there are two distinct patterns in the long-term effects of social information, with some individuals fully relying on it while others revert to trial-and-error learning. Trust in others plays a significant role in the assimilation of intentionally broadcast information.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
A. G. Greenburgh, A. Liefgreen, V Bell, N. Raihani
Summary: This study found that paranoia is positively associated with conspiracy thinking. Individuals with higher levels of paranoia are more likely to believe in intentional and self-referential harm. Moreover, belief in any item on a conspiracy thinking questionnaire is related to belief in other items, and items describing incidental harm and harm to others are more believable overall. Additionally, individuals who endorse conspiracy theory items on the questionnaire are more likely to believe that people similar to them would also endorse them.
ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Social
Anna Greenburgh, Joe M. Barnby, Raphaelle Delpech, Adam Kenny, Vaughan Bell, Nichola Raihani
Summary: Through three studies, it was found that paranoia is not associated with betrayal aversion or risk aversion, possibly due to limitations in the research paradigm triggering betrayal and risk aversion behaviors in paranoia.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Anna Greenburgh, Vaughan Bell, Nichola Raihani
Summary: The study found that internal threats in the social environment are more closely associated with paranoid thoughts, while social safety is negatively correlated with paranoid thoughts. Furthermore, for paranoid ideation more common in the general population, the sense of safety in the social environment is more important.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Anna Greenburgh, Nichola J. Raihani
Summary: Paranoia and conspiracy thinking share similar risk factors and phenomenological features but differ in terms of isolation and perception of harm. Future research can further explore the relationship between paranoia and conspiracy thinking.
CURRENT OPINION IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Alexander J. J. Stewart, Nichola Raihani
Summary: Stereotypes are generalized beliefs used for making decisions and judgements about groups of people. This paper explores their evolution through group reciprocity, finding that larger stereotype groups tend to have negative stereotypes and that individuals are overly pessimistic about their willingness to cooperate. The study also shows that stereotypes evolve due to cognitive costs and that external shocks can lead to a sharp negative turn in stereotype warmth and judgement bias.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
N. J. Raihani, S. K. Kamboj, M. J. Peniket, J. Norman, O. C. Ozturk, G. Iskandar, V. Bell
Summary: Paranoia is a common symptom in psychotic disorders and in the general population. It may be related to the brain's dopaminergic system. Research using online samples and a laboratory experiment found that individuals with higher levels of paranoia are more likely to perceive group cohesion, but dopamine administration did not affect these perceptions.
PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Anthropology
Nichola J. Raihani, Eleanor A. Power
Summary: Performing costly helpful behaviors can enhance individual reputation, but excessive generosity may lead to social costs, prompting individuals to often downplay or hide their prosocial actions.
EVOLUTIONARY HUMAN SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Nichola Raihani, Daniel Martinez-Gatell, Vaughan Bell, Lucy Foulkes
Summary: Paranoia impacts individuals' tendency to cooperate and punish in social decision-making, with paranoid individuals more likely to enjoy negative social interactions. Additionally, paranoid individuals are more likely to attribute harmful intent to partners and are willing to pay a cost to punish them.
JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
