Review
Clinical Neurology
Amir Masoud Afsahi, Alexander M. Norbash, Shahla F. Syed, Maya Sedaghat, Ghazaleh Afsahi, Ramin Shahidi, Zohreh Tajabadi, Mahsa Bagherzadeh-Fard, Shaghayegh Karami, Pourya Yarahmadi, Shabnam Shirdel, Ali Asgarzadeh, Mansoureh Baradaran, Fattaneh Khalaj, Hamidreza Sadeghsalehi, Maryam Fotouhi, Mohammad Amin Habibi, Hyungseok Jang, Abass Alavi, Sam Sedaghat
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review to summarize brain MRI findings in COVID-19 patients with neurological symptoms. The results showed that a considerable proportion of patients had neurological abnormalities detectable by MRI, with the most common findings being acute/subacute infarction, olfactory bulb abnormalities, white matter abnormalities, and cerebral microbleeds.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Manuela De Michele, Joshua Kahan, Irene Berto, Oscar G. Schiavo, Marta Iacobucci, Danilo Toni, Alexander E. Merkler
Summary: The risk of stroke and cerebrovascular disease complicating SARS-CoV-2 infection has been extensively reported. The rapid development and mass vaccination of DNA and mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 have led to rare but catastrophic cases of thrombosis. This review provides an overview of stroke and cerebrovascular complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection, as well as vaccinations, with a focus on vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia. A therapeutic protocol is proposed based on available data.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marcia C. Castro, Sun Kim, Lorena Barberia, Ana Freitas Ribeiro, Susie Gurzenda, Karina Braga Ribeiro, Erin Abbott, Jeffrey Blossom, Beatriz Rache, Burton H. Singer
Summary: The study found that COVID-19 in Brazil is spreading rapidly across municipalities with distinct spatial and temporal patterns of clustering, trajectories, and speed. Analysis shows that inadequate policy measures have led to high transmission and mortality burdens. The current surge in cases and deaths, along with the circulation of concerning variants, highlights the need for government to strengthen prevention and control measures.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Dan H. Barouch
Summary: This article reviews the protective effects of vaccination and prior infection on severe Covid-19, and proposes future research directions.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Enrico Ammirati, Laura Lupi, Matteo Palazzini, Nicholas S. Hendren, Justin L. Grodin, Carlo Cannistraci, Matthieu Schmidt, Guillaume Hekimian, Giovanni Peretto, Thomas Bochaton, Ahmad Hayek, Nicolas Piriou, Sergio Leonardi, Stefania Guida, Annalisa Turco, Simone Sala, Aitor Uribarri, Caroline M. Van de Heyning, Massimo Mapelli, Jeness Campodonico, Patrizia Pedrotti, Maria Isabel Barrionuevo Sanchez, Albert Ariza Sole, Marco Marini, Maria Vittoria Matassini, Mickael Vourc'h, Antonio Cannata, Daniel Bromage, Daniele Briguglia, Jorge Salamanca, Pablo Diez-Villanueva, Jukka Lehtonen, Florent Huang, Stephanie Russel, Francesco Soriano, Fabrizio Turrini, Manlio Cipriani, Manuela Bramerio, Mattia Di Pasquale, Aurelia Grosu, Michele Senni, Davide Farina, Piergiuseppe Agostoni, Stefania Rizzo, Monica De Gaspari, Francesca Marzo, Jason M. Duran, Eric D. Adler, Cristina Giannattasio, Cristina Basso, Theresa McDonagh, Mathieu Kerneis, Alain Combes, Paolo G. Camici, James A. de Lemos, Marco Metra
Summary: The prevalence of acute myocarditis (AM) in COVID-19 patients is estimated to be between 2.4 and 4.1 per 1000 hospitalized patients. Most cases of AM occur in the absence of pneumonia and are often complicated by hemodynamic instability.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Peter Chen, Ajay Nirula, Barry Heller, Robert L. Gottlieb, Joseph Boscia, Jason Morris, Gregory Huhn, Jose Cardona, Bharat Mocherla, Valentina Stosor, Imad Shawa, Andrew C. Adams, Jacob Van Naarden, Kenneth L. Custer, Lei Shen, Michael Durante, Gerard Oakley, Andrew E. Schade, Janelle Sabo, Dipak R. Patel, Paul Klekotka, Daniel M. Skovronsky
Summary: LY-CoV555, a neutralizing antibody, showed promising results in reducing viral load, improving symptoms, and lowering the risk of hospitalization among patients with mild or moderate Covid-19. While one of the doses appeared to accelerate the decline in viral load, others did not show significant effects by day 11.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qin Liu, Qi Su, Fen Zhang, Hein M. Tun, Joyce Wing Yan Mak, Grace Chung-Yan Lui, Susanna So Shan Ng, Jessica Y. L. Ching, Amy Li, Wenqi Lu, Chenyu Liu, Chun Pan Cheung, David S. C. Hui, Paul K. S. Chan, Francis Ka Leung Chan, Siew C. Ng
Summary: By integrating clinical features and multi-omics data, the authors identified specific gut microbiome patterns associated with disease severity and development of post-acute COVID-19 syndrome. These findings highlight the potential utility of host phenotype and multi-kingdom microbiota profiling as a prognostic tool for patients with COVID-19.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Emanuele Andreano, Ida Paciello, Silvia Marchese, Lorena Donnici, Giulio Pierleoni, Giulia Piccini, Noemi Manganaro, Elisa Pantano, Valentina Abbiento, Piero Pileri, Linda Benincasa, Ginevra Giglioli, Margherita Leonardi, Piet Maes, Concetta De Santi, Claudia Sala, Emanuele Montomoli, Raffaele De Francesco, Rino Rappuoli
Summary: In this study, Andreano and Paciello et al. provide insights into the functional and genetic characteristics of the Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 cross-protective antibody response. Their findings reveal that SARS-CoV-2 vaccines can induce neutralizing antibodies that cross-neutralize the Omicron variants and SARS-CoV-1 virus.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Pietro Tiraboschi, Rubjona Xhani, Simone M. Zerbi, Angelo Corso, Isabella Martinelli, Laura Fusi, Giampiero Grampa, Andrea Lombardo, Paola Cavalcante, Cristina Cappelletti, Francesca Andreetta, Alberto Sironi, Alberto Redolfi, Cristina Muscio
Summary: A 40-year-old woman with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection developed neurologic manifestations, including confusion, agitation, seizures, dyskinesias, and parkinsonism, a few weeks after the onset of severe acute respiratory syndrome. After receiving intravenous immunoglobulin treatment, the patient experienced full recovery and normalization of previously hypermetabolic areas.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Dimitrios Sagris, Aikaterini Papanikolaou, Alexandra Kvernland, Eleni Korompoki, Jennifer A. Frontera, Andrea B. Troxel, Maria Gavriatopoulou, Haralampos Milionis, Gregory Y. H. Lip, Patrik Michel, Shadi Yaghi, George Ntaios
Summary: Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, a significant proportion of patients with COVID-19 have experienced thrombotic complications and ischemic stroke. Multiple mechanisms, including immune-mediated thrombosis and the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on cardiac and brain tissues, contribute to the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke in these patients. The strain on global healthcare delivery, including stroke management, has made treating stroke in the context of COVID-19 particularly challenging.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Immunology
Rustom Antia, M. Elizabeth Halloran
Summary: The article discusses the basic concepts underlying the transition from an epidemic to an endemic state, as well as the implications of this transition for COVID-19.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Chang-Sheng Xia, Minghua Zhan, Yudong Liu, Zhi-Hong Yue, Ying Song, Feifei Zhang, Hui Wang
Summary: This study assessed the levels of protective antibodies in SARS survivors with and without the COVID-19 vaccine, and found that SARS survivors have protective antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 even without vaccination, and generate a stronger antibody response after vaccination compared to controls.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Sanaz Katal, Ali Gholamrezanezhad
Summary: This mini-review aims to summarize common neuroimaging findings in patients with COVID-19.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Constantinos Kurt Wibmer, Frances Ayres, Tandile Hermanus, Mashudu Madzivhandila, Prudence Kgagudi, Brent Oosthuysen, Bronwen E. Lambson, Tulio de Oliveira, Marion Vermeulen, Karin van der Berg, Theresa Rossouw, Michael Boswell, Veronica Ueckermann, Susan Meiring, Anne von Gottberg, Cheryl Cohen, Lynn Morris, Jinal N. Bhiman, Penny L. Moore
Summary: The SARS-CoV-2 virus in the B.1.351 variant discovered in South Africa can evade neutralization by most antibodies when expressed, but does not affect binding by convalescent plasma. This suggests the potential for reinfection with antigenically distinct variants and predicts reduced efficacy of spike-based vaccines.
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sazada Siddiqui, Heba Waheeb Saeed Alhamdi, Huda Ahmed Alghamdi
Summary: COVID-19 is highly contagious and has caused major disruptions around the world. Prevention is crucial through measures such as self-isolation and vaccination.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Shitiz Sriwastava, Medha Tandon, Saurabh Kataria, Maha Daimee, Shumaila Sultan
Summary: The COVID-19 outbreak in Wuhan, China, has led to various neurological manifestations, including myasthenia gravis (MG) in rare cases. MG can cause muscle weakness, especially in respiratory muscles, potentially leading to severe respiratory compromise in high-risk COVID-19 patients. The immune-mediated disorder may be exacerbated by the viral infection, resulting in myasthenia crises.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Medha Tandon, Saurabh Kataria, Jenil Patel, Tejas R. Mehta, Maha Daimee, Viral Patel, Apoorv Prasad, Anisa Anila Chowdhary, Shruti Jaiswal, Shitiz Sriwastava
Summary: Limited literature exists on Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings in COVID-19 patients with neurological symptoms. Analysis of 113 patients showed elevated CSF protein levels in fatal cases and higher CSF protein and cell counts in severe cases. Further studies on the pathophysiology of neurological complications in COVID-19 are recommended.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Shitiz Sriwastava, Saurabh Kataria, Medha Tandon, Jenil Patel, Riddhi Patel, Abbas Jowkar, Maha Daimee, Evanthia Bernitsas, Preeti Jaiswal, Robert P. Lisak
Summary: This systematic review compared two GBS variants in COVID-19 patients, finding no significant difference in mEGOS scores between AIDP and non-AIDP patients, with the majority falling under Brighton level 1.
JOURNAL OF THE NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Jenil Patel, Emine Bircan, Xinyu Tang, Mohammed Orloff, Charlotte A. Hobbs, Marilyn L. Browne, Lorenzo D. Botto, Richard H. Finnell, Mary M. Jenkins, Andrew Olshan, Paul A. Romitti, Gary M. Shaw, Martha M. Werler, Jingyun Li, Wendy N. Nembhard
Summary: The study focused on the role of paternal genetic variants in the risk of obstructive heart defects (OHDs) and identified significant associations between specific genetic variants in the folate and transsulfuration pathways and a decreased risk of OHDs in infants. The results suggest that paternal gene variants in these pathways may have a protective effect against OHDs.
Article
Emergency Medicine
Yan Zhao, Jenil Patel, Ying Huang, Lijuan Yin, Lei Tang
Summary: This meta-analysis of laboratory cardiac markers for MIS-C patients with COVID-19 found that BNP showed significant differences between patients with MIS-C/non-severe COVID-19 and between patients with severe/non-severe MIS-C. Troponin and AST did not exhibit notable differences in indicating cardiac injury between patients with MIS-C and COVID-19.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Maria Camila Moreno-Escobar, Saurabh Kataria, Erum Khan, Roshan Subedi, Medha Tandon, Krithika Peshwe, Joshua Kramer, Faraze Niaze, Shitiz Sriwastava
Summary: This report presents a unique case of post-COVID-19 transverse myelitis and dysautonomia, with abnormal MRI and CSF findings. The patient responded well to treatment with intravenous methylprednisolone and bromocriptine, leading to complete resolution of symptoms and imaging improvement. Further studies are needed to explore the relationship between COVID-19 and transverse myelitis.
JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Sijin Wen, Apoorv Prasad, Kerri Freeland, Sanjiti Podury, Jenil Patel, Roshan Subedi, Erum Khan, Medha Tandon, Saurabh Kataria, Wesley Kimble, Shitiz Sriwastava
Summary: This study found that older patients with underlying comorbidities had poor outcomes among SARS-CoV-2 infected patients in West Virginia, and the in-hospital mortality rate was similar to the national average. Shortness of breath was the most common baseline symptom, and hypertension was the most common comorbidity.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Keneshia Bryant, George Pro, Martha Rojo, Jenil Patel, Tiffany Haynes, Pearl McElfish, Manny Sepulveda, Camille Hart
Summary: The community health needs assessment conducted among the Hispanic faith community population revealed hunger and nutrition as the top concern, followed by healthcare access. The results have initiated the development of a research agenda by university researchers and Hispanic faith community members to address the major concerns of the community.
PUBLIC HEALTH NURSING
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Shitiz Sriwastava, Kanika Sharma, Syed Hassan Khalid, Sakhi Bhansali, Ashish K. Shrestha, Mahmoud Elkhooly, Samiksha Srivastava, Erum Khan, Shruti Jaiswal, Sijin Wen
Summary: A systematic review found that there have been neurological manifestations following COVID-19 vaccination, including CVST, GBS, and TM. Early identification and treatment are important for better outcomes. Further studies with non-vaccinated controls are needed to understand the pathophysiologic mechanisms of these neurological manifestations.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Mahmoud Elkhooly, Fen Bao, Muhammad Raghib, Scott Millis, Evanthia Bernitsas
Summary: This study aims to examine the relationship between cognition and white matter tracts among relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients. The results show that white matter tracts, particularly the superior cerebellar peduncle, contribute to cognitive impairment in RRMS.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Jeremiah H. Wijaya, Utsav D. Patel, Miguel D. Quintero-Consuegra, Maria P. Aguilera-Pena, Humberto J. Madrinan-Navia, Aulia W. Putra, Julius July, Saurabh Kataria
Summary: This study systematically compares the diagnostic significance of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) derived circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and plasma ctDNA in patients with leptomeningeal metastasis (LM). The results suggest that CSF ctDNA has better diagnostic power in LM patients.
JOURNAL OF NEURO-ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mahmoud Elkhooly, Rube Jacob, Samiksha Sirvastava, Shitz Sirwastava, Robert Lisak, Evanthia Bernitsas
Summary: This case report presents a 30-year-old female with TSC who developed NMOSD. The patient experienced symptoms including tingling in the legs and abdomen, severe vomiting, and leg spasms. After treatment, there was a significant improvement in clinical symptoms.
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE MEDICINE HIGH IMPACT CASE REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Saurabh Kataria, Sylvette Rogers, Usama Bilal, Haisum Baktashi, Romil Singh
Summary: Mass vaccination against COVID-19 has effectively controlled the pandemic, but there have been reports of adverse events such as MS relapse after vaccination. This case provides a possible association between COVID-19 vaccine and MS relapse.
CUREUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Parissa Feizi, Medha Tandon, Erum Khan, Roshan Subedi, Apoorv Prasad, Anisa Chowdhary, Shitiz Sriwastava
Summary: This study presents a case series of neurosarcoidosis (NS) with diverse clinical presentations and imaging features, highlighting the complex diagnostic and treatment processes involved in managing these challenging cases. The cases underscore the importance of considering NS as a differential diagnosis in patients with nonspecific neurological symptoms and atypical neuroimaging findings.
NEUROLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2021)