Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yifeng Sun, Chunming Zhang, Qiongxuan Fang, Wenqiang Zhang, Wei Liu
Summary: This study analyzed integrated single-cell transcriptomes, bulk RNA-seq, and microarray data to explore the development and therapeutic strategies of osteosarcoma (OS). The findings revealed the origin of OS and identified new abnormalities and potential driver mutations. The study also highlighted the heterogeneity of OS cells and their impact on treatment. These findings provide valuable insights for OS assessment and therapy selection.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Xinzhi Teng, Jiang Zhang, Xinyang Han, Jiachen Sun, Sai-Kit Lam, Qi-Yong Hemis Ai, Zongrui Ma, Francis Kar-Ho Lee, Kwok-Hung Au, Celia Wai-Yi Yip, James Chung Hang Chow, Victor Ho-Fun Lee, Jing Cai
Summary: The purpose of this study was to discover intra-tumor heterogeneity signature and validate its predictive value for adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) in locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LA-NPC) patients. The results show that predictive radiomic features and subvolumes can effectively predict treatment outcomes, providing a decision-making tool for clinical practice.
Review
Oncology
Biao Ning, Yixin Liu, Tianhe Huang, Yongchang Wei
Summary: Osteosarcoma is the most common bone malignancy in children and adolescents. Despite advancements in surgery and chemotherapy, overall survival rates have reached a bottleneck. Extensive research is urgently needed to develop new therapeutic targets. Autophagy, a process of recycling cellular components, plays a critical role in osteosarcoma. This article summarizes the association between autophagy and proliferation, metastasis, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy of osteosarcoma, identifying potential targets for therapy.
Review
Oncology
Ioanna Gazouli, Anastasios Kyriazoglou, Ioannis Kotsantis, Maria Anastasiou, Anastasios Pantazopoulos, Maria Prevezanou, Ioannis Chatzidakis, Georgios Kavourakis, Panagiota Economopoulou, Vasileios Kontogeorgakos, Panayiotis Papagelopoulos, Amanda Psyrri
Summary: Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone cancer predominantly affecting young individuals. Despite the improved chances of cure with surgery and cytotoxic chemotherapy, recurrent and refractory disease remains a significant therapeutic challenge. A systematic review of available clinical evidence on the treatment of recurrent and/or refractory osteosarcoma in the past two decades found that most treatments failed to elicit objective responses, with no identified driver mutations as effective treatment targets or predictive biomarkers for treatment effectiveness. Continued clinical and preclinical research is needed to uncover the biological mechanisms of recurrent and refractory osteosarcoma and expand therapeutic options for pre-treated patients.
Review
Oncology
Drishti Tolani, Julia Wilcox, Sharvari Shyam, Neha Bansal
Summary: As chemotherapy improves, understanding the effects on the cardiovascular system is increasingly important. Cardiotoxicity is a major determinant of morbidity and mortality in cancer survivors. New imaging modalities and biomarkers may detect subclinical cardiotoxicity earlier. Dexrazoxane remains the most effective therapy for preventing anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy. Neurohormonal modulating drugs have not been effective in preventing cardiotoxicity. Advanced cardiac therapies, like heart transplant, should be considered for cancer survivors with end-stage HF. Research on genetic associations may produce treatments to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Yidan Xia, Dongxu Wang, Yuting Piao, Minqi Chen, Duo Wang, Ziping Jiang, Bin Liu
Summary: Osteosarcoma is the most common bone cancer affecting children and teenagers. Immune escape in the tumor microenvironment is a major cause of poor prognosis in osteosarcoma and a primary target of immunotherapy, with immunosuppressive cells playing a key role in regulating tumor progression and immune suppression.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Savannah V. Wooten, Fei Wang, Michael E. Roth, Guanshu Liu, J. Andrew Livingston, Behrang Amini, Susan C. Gilchrist, Michelle Hildebrandt, Eugenie S. Kleinerman
Summary: This study found that AYA cancer patients experience significant skeletal muscle loss early during treatment, and the severity of muscle loss varies among different subgroups. Anthracycline doxorubicin may contribute to muscle loss by reducing skeletal muscle blood flow.
Article
Oncology
Gabriela M. Maron, Diego R. Hijano, Rebecca Epperly, Yin Su, Li Tang, Randall T. Hayden, Swati Naik, Seth E. Karol, Stephen Gottschalk, Brandon M. Triplett, Aimee C. Talleur
Summary: CD19-specific CAR T cell therapy has revolutionized the treatment of relapsed/refractory B-ALL in pediatric and AYA patients. However, the infectious disease challenges associated with this therapy are not well understood. This study examines the infections that occurred in pediatric and AYA patients after receiving CD19-CAR T cells and identifies risk factors for infection. The results show that infections are common in the first 90 days after CAR T cell therapy, with bacterial infections being more frequent early on and viral infections occurring throughout the post-infusion period. The study highlights the need for further research to improve surveillance, prophylaxis, and treatment strategies for infectious complications.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Wei Wu, Zhenhao Zhang, Doudou Jing, Xin Huang, Dianyun Ren, Zengwu Shao, Zhicai Zhang
Summary: SGLT2 is overexpressed in malignant cancer cells and inhibiting its expression can significantly inhibit tumor progression. SGLT2 inhibitors have shown anticancer effects in various malignant cancers, but their role and specific mechanism in osteosarcoma are still unclear. This study found that SGLT2 is overexpressed in osteosarcoma and that SGLT2 inhibitors can inhibit tumor growth and induce immune cell infiltration by activating the IRF3/IFN-beta pathway, making them potential therapeutic drugs for osteosarcoma when combined with 2'3'-cGAMP.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Payal Aggarwal, Wen Luo, Katherine C. C. Pehlivan, Hai Hoang, Prajwal Rajappa, Timothy P. P. Cripe, Kevin A. A. Cassady, Dean A. A. Lee, Mitchell S. S. Cairo
Summary: This article examines the differences and similarities between high grade gliomas in adults and children, including epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, and treatment approaches. Although there are differences in clinical presentation, molecular biology background, and response to chemotherapy, both types of gliomas respond to immunotherapy.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Michael Corr, Clare McKeaveney, Fina Wurm, Aisling Courtney, Helen Noble
Summary: This review examined education interventions for adolescent and young adult kidney transplant recipients. The findings showed a variety of educational strategies, including face-to-face education and transition clinics, as well as the use of technology in patient education. However, there were gaps in educational theory, lack of patient involvement, insufficient efficacy measurement, and the need for novel research questions within established frameworks.
Article
Oncology
Jing Yang, Xiaowen Chen, Xiaofang Li, Wenci Liu, Sihai Liao, Yuzhou Wang, Yufang Zuo
Summary: Primary osteosarcoma of the uterus is a rare type of cancer with limited information available. In this case report, the first clinical experience of using immunotherapy in combination with targeted therapy and chemotherapy for multiple metastatic primary osteosarcomas of the uterus is presented. After three cycles of treatment, the disease showed stability and partial remission, leading to improved quality of life and expected long-term survival for the patient.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Brooke Cherven, Amani Sampson, Sharon L. Bober, Kristin Bingen, Natasha Frederick, David R. Freyer, Gwendolyn P. Quinn
Summary: This study summarizes the literature on sexual function among adolescent and young adult cancer survivors, finding that they experience a burden of sexual dysfunction and interventions are needed to support sexual health and psychosexual adjustment. Collaboration between organizations is necessary to advance assessment of sexual dysfunction and test interventions to improve sexual health among this population.
CA-A CANCER JOURNAL FOR CLINICIANS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Carol A. Ford, Andrew C. Pool, Nicole F. Kahn, James Jaccard, Carolyn T. Halpern
Summary: This cohort study suggests that positive parent-adolescent relationships are associated with favorable outcomes in young adulthood. Investments in improving these relationships may have long-term benefits for young adult health.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Siddh van Oost, Debora M. Meijer, Marieke L. Kuijjer, Judith V. M. G. Bovee, Noel F. C. C. de Miranda
Summary: Sarcomas are a group of highly heterogeneous malignancies, with simple or complex genomes, and have shown limited response to immunotherapy. Genomic stability may lead to chromosomal instability, driving immune responses. Understanding the mechanisms shaping the immune landscape of sarcomas is crucial in overcoming challenges in immunotherapy.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuen Bun Tam, Robin L. Jones, Paul H. Huang
Summary: This review provides an overview of molecular profiling studies in Desmoplastic small round cell tumour (DSRCT), highlighting the contributions of genomics, epigenetics, and proteomics in enhancing our understanding of this rare tumor. It also discusses the potential of future integrated studies, including proteogenomics, in further enriching our knowledge and improving outcomes for patients with DSRCT.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY & CELL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Pampina Pilavaki, Myrofora Panagi, Samia Arifi, Robin L. Jones, Triantafyllos Stylianopoulos, Anastasia Constantinidou
Summary: Sarcomas are a diverse group of malignant tumors that arise from mesenchymal tissue and account for 1% of adult malignancies. Surgical excision and conventional chemotherapy are the mainstay of treatment for local and advanced disease, respectively. Immunotherapy has shown promise in multiple cancers, but its efficacy in sarcomas remains uncertain. Clinical trials and studies are ongoing to determine the role of immunotherapy in specific sarcoma subtypes.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
William G. J. Kerrison, Khin Thway, Robin L. Jones, Paul H. Huang
Summary: Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is a soft tissue sarcoma originating from smooth muscle that can occur in multiple anatomical sites and is classified as extra-uterine or uterine. This article discusses the current treatment landscape for LMS in localized and advanced disease settings, as well as the latest advancements in understanding the genetics and biology of this heterogeneous group of diseases. The mechanisms of acquired and intrinsic chemotherapy resistance in this histological subtype are summarized. The potential impact of novel targeted agents, such as PARP inhibitors, on biomarker-driven therapies and patient outcomes is also discussed.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ONCOLOGY HEMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Anne-Rose W. Schut, Leanne E. de Bruin, Belle H. de Rooij, Emma Lidington, Milea J. M. Timbergen, Winette T. A. van Der Graaf, Winan J. van Houdt, Johannes J. Bonenkamp, Robin L. Jones, Dirk. J. Gruenhagen, Stefan Sleijfer, Spyridon Gennatas, Cornelis Verhoef, Olga Husson
Summary: By studying the level of symptom burden, DTF patients can be categorized into four subgroups, with patients in the high symptom burden subgroup having poorer health-related quality of life and higher healthcare utilization. Understanding the symptom burden of DTF patients can help identify high-risk patients and tailor supportive care to individual needs.
Review
Oncology
Antonia Digklia, Ana Dolcan, Monika A. Kucharczyk, Robin L. Jones, Andrea Napolitano
Summary: Ewing sarcoma is a rare and highly malignant sarcoma that primarily affects young individuals but can occur at any age. It most commonly occurs in the long bones of the extremities and pelvis, but can also occur in soft tissues in older patients. There is currently no standard surveillance schedule for adult patients with Ewing sarcoma after initial treatment, leading to challenges in detecting recurrence and managing long-term side effects. This review aims to summarize available data on treatment-associated complications in long-term survivors and provide recommendations for optimizing follow-up and managing sequelae.
CANCER MANAGEMENT AND RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Nam Bui, Hilary Dietz, Sheima Farag, Angela C. Hirbe, Michael J. Wagner, Brian A. Van Tine, Kristen Ganjoo, Robin L. Jones, Vicki L. Keedy, Elizabeth J. Davis
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics and outcomes of 74 patients with dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma (DDCS). Most patients presented with localized disease and underwent surgical resection as the main treatment. Chemotherapy was mainly used for metastatic cases, with partial responses observed in a small number of patients treated with doxorubicin with cisplatin or ifosfamide and single-agent pembrolizumab. Other regimens resulted in stable disease as the best response. Prolonged stable disease was achieved with pazopanib and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Due to the poor outcomes and limited benefit of conventional chemotherapy in DDCS, future studies should focus on the role of molecularly targeted therapies and immunotherapy.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jessica P. Burns, Christopher Wilding, Lukas Krasny, Xixuan Zhu, Madhumeeta Chadha, Yuen Bun Tam, P. S. H. Hari, Aswanth Mahalingam, Alexander T. J. Lee, Amani Arthur, Nafia Guljar, Emma Perkins, Valeriya Pankova, Andrew Jenks, Vanessa Djabatey, Cornelia Szecsei, Frank McCarthy, Chanthirika Ragulan, Martina I. Milighetti, Theodoros Roumeliotis, Stephen Crosier, Martina S. Finetti, Jyoti Choudhary, Ian Judson, Cyril F. Fisher, Eugene Schuster, Anguraj W. Sadanandam, Tom Chen, Daniel Williamson, Khin L. Thway, Robin Jones, Maggie C. U. H. Cheang, Paul Huang
Summary: This study conducted comprehensive proteomic profiling of tumor specimens from 321 STS patients and identified three proteomic subtypes within leiomyosarcomas with distinct myogenesis and immune features, anatomical site distribution and survival outcomes. The complement cascade is suggested as a candidate immunotherapeutic target for undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcomas and dedifferentiated liposarcomas. The study also defines functional signatures called Sarcoma Proteomic Modules that are independent prognostic factors for distant metastasis.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Steven Attia, Victor Villalobos, Nadia Hindi, Andrew J. Wagner, Bartosz Chmielowski, Gerard J. Oakley, Patrick M. Peterson, Matteo Ceccarelli, Robin L. Jones, Mark A. Dickson
Summary: Gemcitabine plus docetaxel is an effective treatment for soft tissue sarcomas. However, the prognosis for patients remains poor, emphasizing the need for novel therapies. The ANNOUNCE 2 trial explored the addition of olaratumab to the treatment regimen for advanced STS. The study found no significant difference in overall survival between the investigational and control arms.
Review
Oncology
Marin Golcic, Robin L. Jones, Paul Huang, Andrea Napolitano
Summary: Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GIST) is the most common mesenchymal tumour of the gastrointestinal tract. Surgical treatment is recommended for localised GIST, while systemic treatment is the main approach for metastatic or unresectable disease. The duration of neoadjuvant treatment with imatinib is not clearly recommended, but it is usually given for 4 to 12 months. Personalized treatment options based on the molecular profile of GIST, patient characteristics, and medication adverse events are possible with the development of various systemic treatment options.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Edward W. Johnston, Jodie Basso, Francisca Silva, Arafat Haris, Robin L. Jones, Nasir Khan, Helen Lawrence, Jakob Mathiszig-Lee, James McCall, David C. Cunningham, Nicos Fotiadis
Summary: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility, safety, and accuracy of robotic radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for pulmonary metastases compared to conventional freehand placement. The study found that robotic RFA was technically successful with high accuracy and fewer manipulations, leading to improved safety and reduced complications compared to freehand placement.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTER ASSISTED RADIOLOGY AND SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Silvia Stacchiotti, Giacomo Giulio Baldi, Anna Maria Frezza, Carlo Morosi, Francesca Gabriella Greco, Paola Collini, Marta Barisella, Gian Paolo Dagrada, Nadia Zaffaroni, Sandro Pasquali, Alessandro Gronchi, Paul Huang, Matilde Ingrosso, Gabriele Tine, Rosalba Miceli, Paolo Giovanni Casali
Summary: This study investigated the activity of regorafenib in advanced solitary fibrous tumour (SFT). The results showed that regorafenib demonstrated activity in SFT, with 30% of patients being progression-free at one year. However, the overall response rate (ORR) and median progression-free survival (mPFS) were lower compared to other antiangiogenic agents.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Yakinthi Chrisochoidou, Rajat Roy, Pooyeh Farahmand, Guadalupe Gonzalez, Jennifer Doig, Lukas Krasny, Ella F. Rimmer, Anne E. Willis, Marion MacFarlane, Paul H. Huang, Neil O. Carragher, Alison F. Munro, Daniel J. Murphy, Kirill Veselkov, Michael J. Seckl, Miriam F. Moffatt, William O. C. Cookson, Olivier E. Pardo
Summary: This study demonstrates that fibroblast activation in mesothelioma is a self-propagated process that triggers drug resistance in cancer cells. Several FDA-approved targeted therapies are found to be more potent than the standard treatment in co-culture models, with the SRC family kinase inhibitor Saracatinib showing significant improvement in overall survival. These findings lay the foundation for the development of novel therapeutic strategies targeting mesothelioma/fibroblast communication.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Amani Arthur, Matthew R. Orton, Robby Emsley, Sharon Vit, Christian Kelly-Morland, Dirk Strauss, Jason Lunn, Simon Doran, Hafida Lmalem, Axelle Nzokirantevye, Saskia Litiere, Sylvie Bonvalot, Rick Haas, Alessandro Gronchi, Dirk Van Gestel, Anne Ducassou, Chandrajit P. Raut, Pierre Meeus, Mateusz Spalek, Matthew Hatton, Cecile Le Pechoux, Khin Thway, Cyril Fisher, Robin Jones, Paul H. Huang, Christina Messiou
Summary: This study aimed to develop and independently validate a CT-based radiomics classification model for predicting histological type and grade in retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma and liposarcoma.
