Article
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Wang Ling, Tao Jin-hua, Chen Yi-fan, Shen Yu-meng, Jiang Shu
Summary: The study investigated the mechanism of Lizhong Decoction in treating DSS-induced colitis in mice using metabonomics. Through metabolic comparison, potential biomarkers were identified and the endogenous metabolites involved in various metabolic pathways were restored to normal levels after treatment with Lizhong Decoction. This research provides a foundation for further exploration of the pathological and physiological mechanisms, early diagnosis, and drug development of colitis.
CHINESE JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nele F. Lenders, Warrick J. Inder, Ann McCormack
Summary: Clinically non-functioning pituitary tumors (NFPT) are a diverse group with various outcomes. This narrative review summarizes data on predictive factors in routine practice and research settings. Clinical and radiological factors are associated with NFPT recurrence/aggressiveness, with transcription factor immunohistochemistry improving subtype identification and promising pathological/genetic biomarkers for prognostication.
CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Cheng Hu, Weiping Jia
Summary: This article summarizes recent multi-omics studies on T2DM, NAFLD, and MetS, discussing their pathogenesis and the importance of precision medicine in treatment.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pathology
Sambit Kumar Mohanty, Ankit Tiwari, Nitin Bhardwaj, Fai Chuang, Evelyn Kim, Hector Lugo, Xiaopu Yuan, Sameer Al Diffalha, Mariza Peralta-Venturina, Bonnie Balzer, Deepti Dhall
Summary: Determining the site of origin of a metastatic neuroendocrine tumour (NET) can be challenging and has important prognostic and therapeutic implications. A panel of immunohistochemical (IHC) markers is often employed for this purpose, with SATB2 potentially playing a role in differentiating pancreatic and rectal NETs. Including SATB2 in the panel could improve specificity for pancreaticoduodenal NETs, and complement other markers in determining the site of origin in a metastatic setting.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Alice Boileve, Matthieu Faron, Sarah Fodil-Cherif, Arnaud Bayle, Livia Lamartina, David Planchard, Lambros Tselikas, Christina Kanaan, Jean Yves Scoazec, Michel Ducreux, Antoine Italiano, Eric Baudin, Julien Hadoux
Summary: Molecular profiling (MP) identified actionable molecular alterations in 48% of neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs), with 35% of patients receiving molecularly matched treatment and a clinical benefit observed in 67% of cases.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Wenzel M. Hackeng, Koen M. A. Dreijerink, Wendy W. J. de Leng, Folkert H. M. Morsink, Gerlof D. Valk, Menno R. Vriens, G. Johan A. Offerhaus, Christoph Geisenberger, Lodewijk A. A. Brosens
Summary: This study developed a prediction model based on DNA methylation data that accurately predicts the origin of neuroendocrine tumors. The model demonstrated robust performance across various experimental parameters and a user-friendly online tool was established for validation and clinical use.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Theodoros Karampitsakos, Brenda M. Juan-Guardela, Argyris Tzouvelekis, Jose D. Herazo-Maya
Summary: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a highly heterogeneous and lethal chronic lung disease. Precision medicine approaches have not been effectively implemented in IPF clinical practice, despite the existence of numerous diagnostic, prognostic, and theragnostic biomarker candidates.
Review
Oncology
Xing Ma, Ying Ding, Wenliang Li, Qiang Li, Hui Yang
Summary: Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are the second leading cause of cancer related deaths worldwide. Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are rare tumors that originate from peptidergic neurons and neuroendocrine cells, and are difficult to diagnose at earlier stages due to their wide anatomical distribution and complex clinical features. Nuclear medicine imaging techniques, which rely on the tissue-specific uptake of radiolabeled tracers, can easily identify NENs tissues and have emerged as a promising tool for diagnosis and treatment. The somatostatin receptor (SSTR), frequently expressed in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs), is a potential target for tumor-targeted therapies and radiography.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Guney Isa Burak, Sonmezler Ozge, Mujde Cem, Buyukdereli Gulgun, Dogruca Yapar Zeynep, Bisgin Atil
Summary: Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) have diverse origins and complex histology, necessitating genomic profiling for personalized treatment strategies. This study found actionable mutations in 55.6% of patients studied for somatic changes, and a 50% positivity rate for disease predisposition through germ-line studies.
Review
Oncology
Claire K. Mulvey
Summary: Precision medicine is a new approach to diagnosing and treating cancer that considers individual patient differences. The precision medicine treatment options for lung neuroendocrine tumors have been lagging behind other cancers, but recent advances in understanding the molecular basis of these tumors and increasing clinical trials offer potential for personalized treatment.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Dominik Hartl, Valeria de Luca, Anna Kostikova, Jason Laramie, Scott Kennedy, Enrico Ferrero, Richard Siegel, Martin Fink, Sohail Ahmed, John Millholland, Alexander Schuhmacher, Markus Hinder, Luca Piali, Adrian Roth
Summary: In the era of precision medicine, drug discovery and development are undergoing unprecedented opportunities and challenges. By adopting new technologies and methods, the transition from serendipity-driven to data-driven approach is achieved, promoting the development of modern Translational Precision Medicine methods.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Guangpei Qi, Haixia Zou, Xiaohong Peng, Shiliang He, Qiqi Zhang, Wei Ye, Yizhou Jiang, Wentao Wang, Guangli Ren, Xiangmeng Qu
Summary: Metabolic footprinting is a convenient and non-invasive cell metabolomics strategy used to monitor the entire extracellular metabolic process. However, its universality is limited due to the need for pre-treatment of cell medium and specialized equipment. In this study, we developed a fluorescently labeled single-stranded DNA-AuNP encoder that can detect extracellular metabolites, allowing for metabolic response profiling and the identification of cell heterogeneity in tumor cells.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Alexandra Angelescu, Octavian Andronic, Simona Olimpia Dima, Irinel Popescu, Irit Meivar-Levy, Sarah Ferber, Daniela Lixandru
Summary: Diabetes mellitus is a complex disease that requires early diagnosis and treatment to prevent complications. MiRNAs have shown promise as biomarkers for early detection and monitoring of the disease. Further research is needed to validate their effectiveness in diagnosing and treating diabetes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Oncology
W. T. A. van der Graaf, M. E. T. Tesselaar, T. P. McVeigh, W. J. G. Oyen, S. Froehling
Summary: Rare cancers, accounting for 25% of all malignancies, are poorly understood and receive limited research, leading to limited treatment options and worse prognosis. This article discusses the efforts made in individualized clinical management for bone and soft-tissue sarcomas and neuroendocrine tumors, including comprehensive molecular analyses and innovative imaging approaches to improve diagnosis and treatment.
SEMINARS IN CANCER BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Austin J. J. Bow, Rebecca E. E. Rifkin, Caitlin Priester, Courtney J. J. Christopher, Remigiusz M. M. Grzeskowiak, Silke Hecht, Steve H. H. Adair, Pierre-Yves Mulon, Hector F. F. Castro, Shawn R. R. Campagna, David E. E. Anderson
Summary: Bone tissue engineering is a growing field in regenerative medicine, but comparing treatments objectively is challenging. Metabolomics provides a powerful tool for establishing metabolic signatures. This study used a large bone defect in goats to assess repair capacity, and found distinct temporal patterns in small molecule profiles associated with the bone tissue repair process.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Sam E. Mason, Eftychios Manoli, James L. Alexander, Liam Poynter, Lauren Ford, Petra Paizs, Afeez Adebesin, James S. McKenzie, Francesca Rosini, Rob Goldin, Ara Darzi, Zoltan Takats, James M. Kinross
Summary: This study used REIMS to analyze the lipid composition of colorectal tissues and evaluate its accuracy for real-time tissue recognition and risk stratification. The results showed that REIMS can differentiate samples of carcinoma, adenoma, and normal mucosa with 93.1% accuracy and 96.1% negative predictive value for carcinoma. It can also predict the presence of neoplasia (carcinoma or adenoma) with 96.0% accuracy and 91.8% negative predictive value. In addition, the study identified unique lipidomic features associated with colorectal carcinogenesis, such as the progressive increase in relative abundance of phosphatidylglycerols, sphingomyelins, and monounsaturated fatty acid-containing phospholipids.
Article
Surgery
Richmond T. Bergner, Sarah Onida, Rahul Velineni, Konstantina Spagou, Manjit S. Gohel, Marielle Bouschbacher, Serge Bohbot, Joseph Shalhoub, Elaine Holmes, Alun H. Davies
Summary: The study aimed to identify potential biomarkers predictive of healing or failure to heal in venous leg ulceration. It found that serum biofluids could differentiate between healing and nonhealing patients, and the ratio of carnitine to ceramide could differentiate between healing phenotypes with 100% sensitivity, 79% specificity, and 91% accuracy. This metabolic signature has potential applications for disease prognostication and development of targeted therapies for venous leg ulceration.
Article
Pathology
Lucy M. V. Gee, Ben Barron-Millar, Jack Leslie, Claire Richardson, Marco Y. W. Zaki, Saimir Luli, Rachel A. Burgoyne, Rainie I. T. Cameron, Graham R. Smith, John G. Brain, Barbara Innes, Laura Jopson, Jessica K. Dyson, Katherine R. C. McKay, Alexandros Pechlivanis, Elaine Holmes, Rolando Berlinguer-Palmini, Stella Victorelli, George F. Mells, Richard N. Sandford, Jeremy Palmer, John A. Kirby, Christos Kiourtis, Joao Mokochinski, Zoe Hall, Thomas G. Bird, Lee A. Borthwick, Christopher M. Morris, Peter S. Hanson, Diana Jurk, Elizabeth A. Stoll, Fiona E. N. LeBeau, David E. J. Jones, Fiona Oakley
Summary: Patients with cholestatic liver disease can experience cognitive impairments, but the underlying cellular mechanisms are poorly understood. This study used a rodent model and human neuronal cell cultures to explore the neurocognitive symptoms and potential therapies. The results showed that obeticholic acid, a second-line anti-cholestatic agent, could normalize memory function and reverse neuronal senescence.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Despoina Chrysostomou, Lauren A. Roberts, Julian R. Marchesi, James M. Kinross
Summary: Accumulating evidence supports the important role of the gut microbiome in cancer development and progression, as well as its influence on the efficacy and toxicity of cancer treatments. The microbiome is now being utilized to develop personalized therapeutic approaches in cancer treatment. However, the development of a new model that incorporates gut microbial cometabolism of drugs is necessary for the successful translation of the microbiome into next-generation oncologic treatments. The objective of this review is to outline the current knowledge of oncologic pharmacomicrobiomics and propose innovative approaches to modulate the gut microbiome for improved therapy efficacy and reduced toxic effects.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Francesca M. Trovato, Rabiya Zia, Florent Artru, Salma Mujib, Ellen Jerome, Anna Cavazza, Muireann Coen, Ian Wilson, Elaine Holmes, Phillip Morgan, Arjuna Singanayagam, Christine Bernsmeier, Salvatore Napoli, William Bernal, Julia Wendon, Rosa Miquel, Krishna Menon, Vishal C. Patel, John Smith, Stephen R. Atkinson, Evangelos Triantafyllou, Mark J. W. McPhail
Summary: A metabolome study found that ALF patients have dysregulated metabolism and immune responses, potentially mediated by the LPC-ATX-LPA pathway.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Sung-Tong Chin, Gerhard Hoerlendsberger, Kok Wai Wong, Sirui Li, Sze How Bong, Luke Whiley, Julien Wist, Reika Masuda, Johan Greeff, Elaine Holmes, Jeremy K. Nicholson, Ruey Leng Loo
Summary: In this study, a one-step isopropanol method and a two-step methyl-tert-butyl ether method were compared for extracting lipid species in chicken egg yolks before LC-MS/MS analysis. The isopropanol method showed high reproducibility in extracting 937 lipid species from 20 major lipid subclasses. Machine learning techniques successfully differentiated cage, barn, and free-range eggs with high accuracy. The lipid profiles of these eggs were found to be characteristic and could be used for verifying the provenance of conventional chicken eggs.
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
James M. Kinross
Review
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
David Felipe Garcia Mendez, Janeth Sanabria, Julien Wist, Elaine Holmes
Summary: Since the early 1980s, researchers have developed in vitro models of the human gastrointestinal system for studying the gut microbiome ecology. Simulating all features and conditions of the gastrointestinal system using a bioreactor is a significant challenge. Despite advances in simulating functionalities such as temperature and pH control, more work is needed to make the models closer to in vivo conditions. In this review, the impact of key operational parameters on gut microbial ecology is discussed, highlighting the advantages and limitations of current bioreactor systems.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Monique J. Ryan, Alanah Grant-St James, Nathan G. Lawler, Mark W. Fear, Edward Raby, Fiona M. Wood, Garth L. Maker, Julien Wist, Elaine Holmes, Jeremy K. Nicholson, Luke Whiley, Nicola Gray
Summary: This study presents an optimized comprehensive targeted workflow for plasma and serum lipid quantification, which combines stable isotope internal standard dilution, automated sample preparation, and ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with rapid polarity switching. The method is robust to common sources of analytical variation and is suitable for large-scale, multibatch applications in precision medicine.
JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Isabella Reccia, Madhava Pai, Jayant Kumar, Duncan Spalding, Andrea Frilling
Summary: Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are heterogeneous tumors that can have different disease courses and outcomes. Tumor heterogeneity is common in NENs and can affect treatment response and survival. This review summarizes the impact of tumor heterogeneity on the diagnosis and treatment of gastroenteropancreatic NENs.
Article
Oncology
Ashley K. Clift, Panagiotis Drymousis, Alexander von Roon, Adam Humphries, Robert Goldin, Jamshed Bomanji, Sydney Leaman, Harpreet Wasan, Nagy Habib, Andrea Frilling
Summary: Neuroendocrine tumours in the small bowel are often diagnosed at advanced stages and can be challenging to treat with surgery alone. Multimodal treatment concepts integrating surgery and non-surgical modalities may lead to excellent clinical outcomes.
Correction
Surgery
[Anonymous]
BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Primary Health Care
James Lewis, Alan Askari, Arihant Mehta, Yasmin Razak, Prash Patel, Ravi Misra, Henry Tilney, Tanveer Ahmed, Mooyad Ahmed, Adnan Syeed, John Camilleri-Brennan, Ralph John Nicholls, James Macalister Kinross
Summary: This study evaluated the feasibility, acceptability, and safety of digital rectoscopy in primary care. The results showed that it is a feasible and acceptable method, with no serious adverse events reported. It also demonstrated the potential to reduce referrals and save costs.
Article
Oncology
Benjamin R. Challoner, Andrew Woolston, David Lau, Marta Buzzetti, Caroline Fong, Louise J. Barber, Gayathri Anandappa, Richard Crux, Ioannis Assiotis, Kerry Fenwick, Ruwaida Begum, Dipa Begum, Tom Lund, Nanna Sivamanoharan, Harold B. Sansano, Melissa Domingo-Arada, Amina Tran, Hardev Pandha, David Church, Bryony Eccles, Richard Ellis, Stephen Falk, Mark Hill, Daniel Krell, Nirupa Murugaesu, Luke Nolan, Vanessa Potter, Mark Saunders, Kai-Keen Shiu, Sebastian Guettler, James L. Alexander, Hector Lazare-Iglesias, James Kinross, Jamie Murphy, Katharina von Loga, David Cunningham, Ian Chau, Naureen Starling, Juan Ruiz-Banobre, Tony Dhillon, Marco Gerlinger
Summary: MMRd CRCs have high mutation burdens and pervasive ITH, but driver mutations show a clear hierarchy. Immune evasion (IE) drivers are mainly subclonal and show parallel evolution. IE drivers and T cell infiltrates coevolve. PD-L1 expression correlates with T cell density but is associated with loss of CDX2 expression, leading to a higher recurrence risk in MMRd CRCs.
JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biophysics
Jose Ivan Serrano-Contreras, John C. Lindon, Gary Frost, Elaine Holmes, Jeremy K. Nicholson, Isabel Garcia-Perez
Summary: NMR spectroscopy is an important technique in metabolic profiling, but metabolite identification is often hindered by peak overlap. Recently developed pure shift NMR spectroscopy has the potential to simplify complex proton NMR spectra and aid metabolite identification. In this study, two complementary approaches to spectral simplification were evaluated, and both methods were found to improve resolution of resonances and enhance metabolite identification. These methods are easy to implement and the strong coupling artifacts contain latent connectivity information that can be used to enhance metabolite identification.
NMR IN BIOMEDICINE
(2023)