Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Hung-Ching Chung, Chih-Hsien Chen, Guan-Xun Lu, Yung- Hung, Shuo-Yen Tseng
Summary: We present a compact and broadband polarization independent 3-dB coupler on a silicon-on-insulator platform for the O-band. By using the multi-parameter adiabaticity engineering protocol, unwanted coupling between eigenmodes in mode evolution couplers are redistributed to accommodate dual polarization modes and multiple wavelengths, resulting in a wide operating bandwidth for both TE and TM polarizations. The fabricated device has a 70 nm bandwidth with a compact mode evolution region of 27 μm.
IEEE PHOTONICS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Stuart May, Matteo Clerici, Marc Sorel
Summary: This study shows that engineering the dispersion of AlGaAs-OI waveguides has a significant impact on supercontinuum generation, allowing for broadband supercontinua. This novel platform has great potential in exploring fundamental physics and realizing highly efficient, compact nonlinear devices.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
R. U. I. C. H. A. N. G. Chen, G. U. O. L. E. Liu, F. E. N. G. Qiu, Y. A. N. G. Tan, F. E. N. G. Chen
Summary: We report a waveguide-integrated self-powered photodetector based on a defect-engineered WSe2/graphene (WSe2/G) heterostructure. This photodetector exhibits a broad spectral photoresponse and high on/off ratio, and can be integrated with a polymer waveguide for optical signal detection.
OPTICAL MATERIALS EXPRESS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Vladyslav Vakarin, Daniele Melati, Thi Thuy Duong Dinh, Xavier Le Roux, Warren Kut King Kan, Cecilia Dupre, Bertrand Szelag, Stephane Monfray, Frederic Boeuf, Pavel Cheben, Eric Cassan, Delphine Marris-Morini, Laurent Vivien, Carlos Alberto Alonso-Ramos
Summary: Subwavelength grating (SWG) metamaterials have attracted great interest for their ability to shape material properties and light propagation, but practical implementations are limited by fabrication constraints. By using deep-ultraviolet lithography, an SWG metamaterial engineered beam splitter was successfully fabricated in silicon-on-insulator technology, demonstrating high performance and opening up new possibilities for scalable silicon photonic circuits.
Article
Optics
Carlos Perez-Armenta, Alejandro Ortega-Monux, Jose Manuel Luque-Gonzalez, Robert Halir, Jens Schmid, Pavel Cheben, Inigo Molina-Fernandez, J. Gonzalo Wanguemert-Perez
Summary: A polarization-independent 2 x 2 multimode interference coupler in a 220 nm silicon-on-insulator platform is designed and experimentally demonstrated for the first time using subwavelength grating metamaterial topology to control electromagnetic properties. The coupler operates for both TE and TM polarization states with polarization dependent loss, insertion loss, imbalance all less than 1 dB, and phase errors below 5 degrees in the wavelength range from 1500 nm to 1560 nm. The device has a small footprint of 3.5 µm x 47.25 µm and is fabricated using a single etch-step process compatible with immersion deep-UV lithography with a minimum feature size of 100 nm.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Changxu Liu, Stefan A. Maier
Summary: The article introduces a method of forming hotspots using the concept of topological photonics, generating light hotspots on the surface of nanostructures through topological edge states and topological corner states, improving both the quality factor and light intensity, and showing good robustness to fabrication imperfections.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Buqing Xu, Guilei Wang, Yong Du, Yuanhao Miao, Ben Li, Xuewei Zhao, Hongxiao Lin, Jiahan Yu, Jiale Su, Yan Dong, Tianchun Ye, Henry H. Radamson
Summary: This manuscript presents the integration of high-performance Si-based III-V quantum-dot lasers on an advanced GaAs virtual substrate. By modifying the GaAs crystal, the lasers achieved low defect density and improved performance. This work provides a feasible proposal for integrating efficient O-band lasers with a standard Si platform in the future.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jungmin Kim, Seungkyun Park, Sunkyu Yu, Namkyoo Park
Summary: This paper proposes the use of deep neural networks to engineer active disorder-disordered structures, aiming to resolve the spatial and temporal complexities in wave-matter interactions. The results show that through inverse design and evaluation of active disorder, it is possible to achieve disordered structures with target wave responses and reveal the functional disorder of light.
ADVANCED OPTICAL MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Milad Nonahal, Chi Li, Febiana Tjiptoharsono, Lu Ding, Connor Stewart, John Scott, Milos Toth, Son Tung Ha, Mehran Kianinia, Igor Aharonovich
Summary: This paper reports on the utilization of high quality TiO2 ring resonators to enhance emission from hexagonal boron nitride with negatively charged boron vacancies. The results show that optically coupled defects can efficiently couple into the ring resonators and exhibit photoluminescence contrast in optically detected magnetic resonance signals. This provides a practical method for integrating spin defects in 2D materials, offering a promising platform for quantum technologies.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jada Ravi, Avulu Vinod Kumar, Mari Annadhasan, Rajadurai Chandrasekar
Summary: Photon-based data communication technologies provide safe and efficient data transfer. However, conventional silicon-based photonic circuits have drawbacks such as mechanical rigidity. In this study, a flexible organic photonic integrated circuit (FOPIC) is fabricated using mechanically compliant and optically dissimilar organic crystals, enabling precise control of output light at different angles. The circuit allows selective routing of six bandwidth-engineered signals in 2D, utilizing active/passive light-guiding principles and energy-transfer mechanisms. This reconfigurable photonic circuit concept is advantageous for programmable circuits, navigable detectors, and intelligent sensors.
ADVANCED OPTICAL MATERIALS
(2022)
Review
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Thomas Ferreira de Lima, Eli A. Doris, Simon Bilodeau, Weipeng Zhang, Aashu Jha, Hsuan-Tung Peng, Eric C. Blow, Chaoran Huang, Alexander N. Tait, Bhavin J. Shastri, Paul R. Prucnal
Summary: This paper introduces neuromorphic photonic processors based on resonator weight banks, which are emerging candidate technology for enabling modern artificial intelligence in high speed analog systems. These purpose-built analog devices leverage the physics of resonator devices to implement vector multiplications, offering efficiency, latency, and throughput advantages over equivalent electronic circuits. However, the challenges of compensation for fabrication variations and environmental disturbances need to be addressed through automated design and control methodologies for practical deployment.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Yiran Guan, Jiejun Zhang, Lingzhi Li, Ruidong Cao, Guangying Wang, Jingxu Chen, Xudong Wang, Bai-Ou Guan, Jianping Yao
Summary: Synthetic dimensions play a significant role in quantum physics and topological photonics, offering new dimensions for field and particle manipulations. By emulating high-dimensional optical behavior in a unitary physical system, synthetic dimensions have the potential to provide unexpected solutions to technical problems in photonics.
COMMUNICATIONS PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
J. Gonzalez Sutter, A. Sarmiento Chavez, S. Soria, M. Granada, L. Nener, S. Bengio, P. Granel, F. Golmar, N. Haberkorn, G. Leyva, M. Sirena
Summary: The study investigated the impact of structural disorder on the physical properties of multiferroic multilayers using La0.8Ba0.2MnO3, Ba0.25Sr0.75TiO3, and BaTiO3 superlattices. The results showed that strain and structural disorder increased the localization energy of current carriers, with stress having a weak influence on magnetic properties.
MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Optics
Yiwen Zhang, Linbo Shao, Jingwei Yang, Zhaoxi Chen, Ke Zhang, Kam-Man Shum, Di Zhu, Chi Hou Chan, Marko Loncar, Cheng Wang
Summary: By experimentally verifying thin-film lithium niobate modulators, the research investigated their high-frequency mmWave optical modulation performance and achieved a series of important performance indicators. This study provides detailed guidance for the design and characterization of mmWave-optic modulators and lays the foundation for the development of future mmWave photonic systems.
PHOTONICS RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jessica N. Ziegler, Changhai Tian
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small membrane-bound vesicles used by cells to deliver biological cargo, and engineered EVs show great promise in targeted therapy and cargo delivery for human diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Yuanyuan Wang, Guang Chen, Fanrong Zeng, Zhigang Han, Cheng-Wei Qiu, Meng Zeng, Zujun Yang, Fei Xu, Dezhi Wu, Fenglin Deng, Shengchun Xu, Caspar Chater, Abraham Korol, Sergey Shabala, Feibo Wu, Peter Franks, Eviatar Nevo, Zhong-Hua Chen
Summary: This study assessed the natural variation of drought tolerance in wild cereal crops and found that different growth conditions have shaped the stomatal and photosynthetic traits of these crops differently. The research identified specific genes correlated with these differences and verified their role in drought tolerance. These findings provide valuable genetic information for breeding resilient wheat and barley in the face of a changing global climate.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jun Liang, Jiawei Wu, Jun Guo, Huagen Li, Xianjun Zhou, Sheng Liang, Cheng-Wei Qiu, Guangming Tao
Summary: Photonic structures at the wavelength scale provide innovative energy solutions for various applications, reshaping the global energy landscape. Radiative cooling technology, based on structural and material design, offers opportunities for sustainable carbon neutrality as a zero-energy, eco-friendly cooling strategy. This review summarizes the fundamentals of radiative cooling technology, typical cooling materials, and their effects, discusses the research status and challenges, and outlines future application scenarios and development trends. Radiative cooling is expected to significantly contribute to global energy saving and emission reduction.
NATIONAL SCIENCE REVIEW
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ran Ju, Guoqiang Xu, Liujun Xu, Minghong Qi, Dong Wang, Pei-Chao Cao, Rui Xi, Yifan Shou, Hongsheng Chen, Cheng-Wei Qiu, Ying Li
Summary: Convective thermal metamaterials are innovative structures that utilize convection to control heat transfer beyond pure conduction, resulting in active and stable thermal modulations. By introducing convective effects, the traditional parabolic Fourier heat equation for conduction is transformed into a hyperbolic equation, enabling wave-like phenomena in dissipative diffusion. This review summarizes recent advancements and discoveries in convective thermal metamaterials, including enhanced heat transfer, porous-media-based thermal effects, nonreciprocal heat transfer, and non-Hermitian phenomena. Future prospects for convective thermal metamaterials are discussed, including exploring topological thermal effects within the convective parameter space and expanding the parameter space through spatiotemporal modulation and multi-physical effects.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Yuhang Yin, Qilin Duan, Jing LI, Chengwei Qiu, Huanyang Chen
Summary: This study demonstrates the reconstructions of optical vortices in gradient media and curved spaces, providing a new platform to investigate the evolution of optical vortices. The use of coherent perfect absorbers improves the recovery of optical vortices in the converging position. The results also verify the phenomena of optical vortices in ellipsoidal and spindle-shaped curved surfaces.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ahmed Elbanna, Hao Jiang, Qundong Fu, Juan-Feng Zhu, Yuanda Liu, Meng Zhao, Dongjue Liu, Samuel Lai, Xian Wei Chua, Jisheng Pan, Ze Xiang Shen, Lin Wu, Zheng Liu, Cheng-Wei Qiu, Jinghua Teng
Summary: In recent years, two-dimensional (2D) materials, such as graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides, black phosphorus, MXenes, and semimetals, have received extensive attention due to their intriguing properties, underlying physics, and potential for applications. The diverse traits and possibilities offered by 2D materials and their heterostructures provide great opportunities for photonics and plasmonic devices.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Jungmin Kim, Dayeong Lee, Sunkyu Yu, Namkyoo Park
Summary: Photonic systems can utilize time as an alternative to space, eliminating the need for spatial patterning. Recent studies have shown the importance of temporal degree of freedom in photonics and its analogy with spatial axes. In this research, we investigate the design of photonic time disorder to achieve optical functionalities without spatial patterning.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Xinhua Wen, Heung Kit Yip, Choonlae Cho, Jensen Li, Namkyoo Park
Summary: We propose a concept called acoustic amplifying diode that combines signal isolation and amplification in a single device. The signal is exponentially amplified in one direction with no reflection and perfectly absorbed in another direction. By using impedance matching, the device eliminates reflection in both directions and prevents backscattering to the signal source. We demonstrate the amplifying diode using an active metamaterial with nonreciprocal Willis coupling, and discuss the flexibility of implementation with the presence of both reciprocal and nonreciprocal couplings.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sunkyu Yu, Namkyoo Park
Summary: The authors simulated programmable photonic circuits targeting universal unitaries and found a heavy-tailed distribution of a type of unit rotation operator. They suggested hardware pruning for random unitaries and provided design strategies for high fidelity and energy efficiency in large-scale quantum computations and photonic deep learning accelerators. Developing hardware for high-dimensional unitary operators plays a vital role in implementing quantum computations and deep learning accelerations.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Guoqiang Xu, Xue Zhou, Shuihua Yang, Jing Wu, Cheng-Wei Qiu
Summary: This study presents a method for generating quantized bulk quadrupole moments in fluid heat transport and observing quadrupole topological phases. The experimental results show that both the real- and imaginary-valued bands in thermal systems exhibit hierarchical features of bulk, gapped edge, and in-gap corner states.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Review
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Yuan Meng, Jiangang Feng, Sangmoon Han, Zhihao Xu, Wenbo Mao, Tan Zhang, Justin S. Kim, Ilpyo Roh, Yepin Zhao, Dong-Hwan Kim, Yang Yang, Jin-Wook Lee, Lan Yang, Cheng-Wei Qiu, Sang-Hoon Bae
Summary: Integrating various two-dimensional materials and three-dimensional nanomembranes via van der Waals interactions enables novel hetero-integrated photonic layouts and ways to explore exotic nanophotonic phenomena. This Review discusses the recent progress in photonic nanomembranes with vdW interfaces, from film preparation to device implementation, and highlights emerging opportunities for advanced vdW hetero-integration. The integration of functional nanomaterials and heterostructures with photonic architectures has laid the foundation for important photonic and optoelectronic applications.
NATURE REVIEWS MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Liujun Xu, Jinrong Liu, Guoqiang Xu, Jiping Huang, Cheng- Wei Qiu
Summary: In an active thermal lattice composed of a stationary solid matrix and rotating solid particles, giant thermal chirality is generated by breaking the Onsager reciprocity relation through rotation, which is about two orders of magnitude larger than ever reported. Anisotropic thermal chirality is achieved by breaking the rotation invariance of the active lattice, bringing effective thermal conductivity to a region unreachable by the thermal Hall effect.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Meng-Chen Huang, Maiping Yang, Xiao-Jing Guo, Chao-Hua Xue, Hui-Di Wang, Chao-Qun Ma, Zhongxue Bai, Xianjun Zhou, Zuankai Wang, Bing-Ying Liu, Yong-Gang Wu, Cheng-Wei Qiu, Chong Hou, Guangming Tao
Summary: Passive daytime radiative cooling (PDRC), with zero energy consumption and pollution, is considered a feasible alternative to conventional electrical cooling in energy-intensive settings. Scalable multifunctional radiative cooling materials are crucial for expanding practical applications and advancing this cooling technology. This review focuses on the general design strategies, scalable fabrication techniques, and multifunction of PDRC materials. Key topics include the fundamental principles of PDRC, scale-up design strategies, advantages of scalable multifunctional PDRC coolers, and diverse commercial applications of scalable PDRC materials. Challenges and opportunities for future PDRC materials are also discussed.
PROGRESS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jun He, Dong Zhao, Hong Liu, Jinghua Teng, Cheng-Wei Qiu, Kun Huang
Summary: Information entropy is used to evaluate the disorder of planar diffractive lenses, and an equilibrium point is predicted to balance wide-field imaging and subdiffraction-limit focusing. Experimental results confirm the design and demonstrate superresolution imaging capabilities.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Tao He, Zhanyi Zhang, Jingyuan Zhu, Yuzhi Shi, Zhipeng Li, Heng Wei, Zeyong Wei, Yong Li, Zhanshan Wang, Cheng-Wei Qiu, Xinbin Cheng
Summary: This paper reports a universal paradigm for achieving high-efficiency exceptional points (EPs) in the visible range by leveraging interlayer loss to control the interplay between a lossy structure and scattering lightwaves. A bilayer framework is demonstrated to efficiently reflect and absorb incident light, opening up possibilities for nanoscale devices and EP physics.
LIGHT-SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Cheng-Wei Qiu, Yue Ma, Zi-Feng Gao, Jakkrit Sreesaeng, Shuo Zhang, Wenxing Liu, Imrul Mosaddek Ahmed, Shengguan Cai, Yizhou Wang, Guoping Zhang, Feibo Wu
Summary: This study provides a comprehensive examination of genetic variation in aluminum-tolerant Tibetan wild barley through genome-wide profiling. The identification of key genes related to aluminum tolerance in barley and the strategy of manipulating these genes offer potential for developing more aluminum-tolerant barley cultivars.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2024)