Article
Optics
Robert Shreiner, Kai Hao, Amy Butcher, Alexander A. High
Summary: Researchers demonstrated electrically controllable chirality by exploiting doping-dependent valley polarization of excitonic states in monolayer tungsten diselenide. They reported electrically controllable chirality in a nanophotonic interface, enabling propagation direction-dependent interactions between guided optical modes and circularly dichroic materials. This work could provide optical control over excitonic and charge-carrier behavior in integrated photonics with van der Waals heterostructures.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Marta Pita-Vidal, Arno Bargerbos, Rok Zitko, Lukas J. Splitthoff, Lukas Grunhaupt, Jaap J. Wesdorp, Yu Liu, Leo P. Kouwenhoven, Ramon Aguado, Bernard van Heck, Angela Kou, Christian Kraglund Andersen
Summary: Spin qubits in semiconductors are a promising platform for scalable quantum computing devices, but achieving multiqubit interactions over extended distances is challenging. Superconducting spin qubits encoded in Andreev levels provide an alternative with intrinsic spin-supercurrent coupling. This study demonstrates an electrostatically defined quantum dot Josephson junction with a spin-split doublet ground state, allowing for qubit manipulation and investigating the qubit performance using direct spin manipulation. Coupling the Andreev spin qubit with a superconducting transmon qubit shows strong coherent qubit-qubit coupling, a crucial step towards a hybrid architecture combining the advantages of both superconducting and semiconductor qubits.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Maximilian M. Sonner, Farhad Khosravi, Lisa Janker, Daniel Rudolph, Gregor Koblmueller, Zubin Jacob, Hubert J. Krenner
Summary: This research successfully observed the full spin dynamics of surface acoustic waves by detecting ultrafast electron cycloids. The acousto-optoelectrical approach used in this study opens up new directions for exploration in the merged fields of nanoacoustics, nanophotonics, and nano-electronics.
Article
Physics, Applied
Fangzhou Jin, Weiping Liu, Hui Zhou
Summary: Efficient spin-photon interfaces are crucial for quantum network and distributed quantum computing. This paper proposes a method to establish a coherent interface between photon and solid-state spin system, allowing for the generation of entanglement between distant spins.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS B
(2023)
Article
Optics
Kazunori Shibata
Summary: Research indicates that the quantum nature of vacuum affects electromagnetic fields, resulting in nonlinear Maxwell's equations. By extending the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method with quartic nonlinear electromagnetic Lagrangian, the nonlinear Maxwell's equations can be numerically solved without assumptions on the electromagnetic field. Examples of self-modulations of nonlinear electromagnetic waves in a one-dimensional cavity show that even a small nonlinear correction can accumulate to achieve significant self-modulation over a long timescale, regardless of the strength of the electromagnetic field.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yusuke Nasu, Ciaran Murphy-Royal, Yurong Wen, Jordan N. Haidey, Rosana S. Molina, Abhi Aggarwal, Shuce Zhang, Yuki Kamijo, Marie-Eve Paquet, Kaspar Podgorski, Mikhail Drobizhev, Jaideep S. Bains, M. Joanne Lemieux, Grant R. Gordon, Robert E. Campbell
Summary: L-Lactate, traditionally considered a metabolic waste product, is now recognized as an important intercellular energy currency in mammals. A genetically encoded biosensor called eLACCO1.1 has been developed to enable cellular resolution imaging of extracellular L-lactate in cultured mammalian cells and brain tissue.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
HyungJoo Kim, Sungtae Cho, Su Houng Lee
Summary: We propose a new method to study a hadron's spin content by analyzing its response in a rotating frame. By examining the responses of quarks and gluons in this frame, we can determine the spin-rotation coupling and reveal the hadron's spin content. Our findings show that the spin-rotation coupling can be described by a universal formula, which allows us to identify the total spin of specific quarkonia in terms of the angular momentum of quarks and gluons. We also discover that the spin content of certain quarkonia, such as J/psi, differs slightly from the conventional quark model prediction.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zheng Xing Wang, Jun Wei Wu, Liang Wei Wu, Yue Gou, Hui Feng Ma, Qiang Cheng, Tie Jun Cui
Summary: This work introduces bilayer information metasurfaces to achieve polarization-encoded holograms in the microwave regime. The metasurfaces consist of 3-bit spin-decoupled meta-atoms with ultrathin profiles and high cross-polarization transmittance. A novel algorithm is proposed to generate coding sequences for different functionalities of corresponding circularly polarized channels. The maximum imaging efficiency can reach up to 65.1%, demonstrating the high efficiency of this holographic technology.
ADVANCED OPTICAL MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Victor E. Ambrus, Radoslaw Ryblewski, Rajeev Singh
Summary: In this study, the propagation properties of spin degrees of freedom were analyzed within the framework of relativistic hydrodynamics. The analytical expression for the spin wave velocity was derived, showing that it approaches half the speed of light in the ultrarelativistic limit. It was found that only the transverse degrees of freedom propagate, similar to electromagnetic waves. Additionally, the effect of dissipative corrections and the damping coefficients for the case of Maxwell-Jüttner statistics were considered.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qi Zhang, Yuhang Guo, Wentao Ji, Mengqi Wang, Jun Yin, Fei Kong, Yiheng Lin, Chunming Yin, Fazhan Shi, Ya Wang, Jiangfeng Du
Summary: The nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond is crucial for achieving high-fidelity single-shot readout of qubits, with a new spin-to-charge conversion method introduced to suppress spin-flip errors. This technique shows potential for exceeding fault-tolerant thresholds and may have applications in integrated optoelectronic devices.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Satoshi Higashino, Yuichiro Mori, Yosuke Takubo, Takeo Higuchi, Akimasa Ishikawa, Izumi Tsutsui
Summary: This study demonstrates the feasibility of utilizing weak value amplification technique in high-energy particle physics to prolong the effective lifetime of decay modes and improve the measurement precision of CP-violating parameters.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Kaijie Yang, Yuanxi Wang, Chao-Xing Liu
Summary: This work discovers a nontrivial spin texture, spin antivortex, on a 2D monolayer Pb on SiC substrate and demonstrates its topological stability. It also observes the Lifshitz transition of Fermi surfaces and rapid variation of response coefficients.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jinyong Ma, Jihua Zhang, Yuxin Jiang, Tongmiao Fan, Matthew Parry, Dragomir N. Neshev, Andrey A. Sukhorukov
Summary: We propose and demonstrate the preparation of desired two-photon polarization states using a nonlinear metasurface incorporating multiplexed silica metagratings on a lithium niobate film. The two-photon polarization states can be shaped by adjusting the metagrating orientation, and by combining multiple metagratings, arbitrary polarization-entangled qutrit states can be generated. This enables the miniaturization of optically controlled quantum devices using ultrathin metasurfaces as polarization-entangled photon sources.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jinyong Ma, Jihua Zhang, Yuxin Jiang, Tongmiao Fan, Matthew Parry, Dragomir N. Neshev, Andrey A. Sukhorukov
Summary: The use of a nonlinear metasurface and a thin film allows for the flexible manipulation of complex polarization states of photon pairs. It is found that the orientation of the metagratings can shape the polarization states of the photon pairs. Additionally, combining three metagratings enables the generation of arbitrary polarization-entangled qutrit states.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Cecile X. Yu, Simon Zihlmann, Jose C. Abadillo-Uriel, Vincent P. Michal, Nils Rambal, Heimanu Niebojewski, Thomas Bedecarrats, Maud Vinet, Etienne Dumur, Michele Filippone, Benoit Bertrand, Silvano De Franceschi, Yann-Michel Niquet, Romain Maurand
Summary: Strong intrinsic spin-orbit interaction in silicon enables strong spin-photon coupling with a frequency of 300 MHz, which is promising for scalable quantum information processing. Coupling semiconductor quantum dots to superconducting microwave resonators allows for fast non-demolition readout and on-chip connectivity. By leveraging the strong spin-orbit interaction in silicon, a spin-photon coupling rate of 330 MHz is achieved, surpassing the spin-photon decoherence rate and paving the way for circuit quantum electrodynamics with spins in semiconductor quantum dots.
NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
Ashlesha Patil, Mihir Pant, Dirk Englund, Don Towsley, Saikat Guha
Summary: We developed a protocol for generating entanglement in the quantum internet that allows a repeater node to fuse successfully entangled links and maintain entanglement rate even as the distance increases. This powerful network property cannot be achieved with quantum networking protocols using Bell measurements and multiplexing alone. We also designed a two-party quantum key distribution protocol that converts shared entangled states into a shared secret, independent of distance.
NPJ QUANTUM INFORMATION
(2022)
Letter
Optics
Mark Dong, David Heim, Alex Witte, Genevieve Clark, Andrew J. Leenheer, Daniel Dominguez, Matthew Zimmermann, Y. Henry Wen, Gerald Gilbert, Dirk Englund, Matt Eichenfield
Summary: Visible-wavelength very large-scale integration photonic circuits have the potential to be important in quantum information and sensing technologies. This article reports a low-voltage optical phase shifter based on piezo-actuated mechanical cantilevers, demonstrating linear phase and amplitude modulation, low insertion loss, and high contrast.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jordan Goldstein, Hongtao Lin, Skylar Deckoff-Jones, Marek Hempel, Ang-Yu Lu, Kathleen A. Richardson, Tomas Palacios, Jing Kong, Juejun Hu, Dirk Englund
Summary: This article discusses the importance of mid-infrared photonic integrated circuits (PICs) in sensing and optical communications, as well as the current limitation in operational wavelengths. The authors successfully developed photothermoelectric graphene photodetectors in a chalcogenide glass-on-CaF2 PIC, operating at 5.2 μm, showing promising results for gas sensing applications.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Ryan Hamerly, Saumil Bandyopadhyay, Dirk Englund
Summary: In this study, a new configuration algorithm is proposed to overcome the limitations of rectangular mesh interferometers in terms of fabrication errors and reduce the impact of errors on the performance of the interferometer. The algorithm is robust, requires no prior knowledge of process variations, and relies only on external sources and detectors.
PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Ryan Hamerly, Saumil Bandyopadhyay, Dirk Englund
Summary: This paper highlights the importance of algorithmic stability in self-configuration and proposes a self-configuration scheme for both triangular and rectangular meshes.
PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED
(2022)
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
Yuan Lee, Eric Bersin, Axel Dahlberg, Stephanie Wehner, Dirk Englund
Summary: The past decade has seen significant progress in experimentally realizing the building blocks of quantum repeaters. A quantum router architecture comprising many quantum memories connected in a photonic switchboard has been proposed to maintain entanglement fidelity over long-distance links and improve entanglement distribution rates. This architecture enables channel-loss-invariant fidelity and automatically prioritizes entanglement flows across the network, without requiring global network information.
NPJ QUANTUM INFORMATION
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Jasvith Raj Basani, Sri Krishna Vadlamani, Saumil Bandyopadhyay, Dirk R. R. Englund, Ryan Hamerly
Summary: This paper presents a novel architecture for multiport interferometers based on the sine-cosine fractal decomposition of a unitary matrix. The unique self-similarity and modularity of our design offer improved resilience to hardware imperfections compared to conventional multiport interferometers. Numerical simulations show that truncation of these meshes gives robust performance even under large fabrication errors, making it a significant advancement in large-scale programmable photonics for practical machine learning and quantum computing applications.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Laura Kim, Hyeongrak Choi, Matthew E. E. Trusheim, Hanfeng Wang, Dirk R. R. Englund
Summary: Nitrogen vacancy centers in diamond provide a spin-based qubit system with long coherence time even at room temperature, making them suitable ambient-condition quantum sensors for quantities including electromagnetic fields, temperature, and rotation. The optically addressable level structures of NV spins allow transduction of spin information onto light-field intensity. The sub-optimal readout fidelity of conventional fluorescence measurement remains a significant drawback for room-temperature ensemble sensing. Here, we discuss nanophotonic interfaces that provide opportunities to achieve near-unity readout fidelity based on IR absorption via resonantly enhanced spin-optic coupling. Spin-coupled resonant nanophotonic devices are projected to particularly benefit applications that utilize micro- to nanoscale sensing volume and to outperform present methods in their volume-normalized sensitivity.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hanfeng Wang, Matthew E. Trusheim, Laura Kim, Hamza Raniwala, Dirk R. Englund
Summary: This study proposes a programmable architecture based on diamond color centers driven by electric or strain fields, aiming to reduce power consumption and cross-talk constraints in large-scale quantum networks. By densely packing diamond color centers in a programmable electrode array and driving quantum gates with electric or strain fields, this 'field programmable spin array’ (FPSA) enables high-speed control of individual color centers with low cross-talk and power dissipation. Integrated with a slow-light waveguide for efficient optical coupling, the FPSA serves as a quantum interface for optically-mediated entanglement, showing increased entanglement generation rate scaling into the thousand-qubit regime.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xiyuan Lu, Mingkang Wang, Feng Zhou, Mikkel Heuck, Wenqi Zhu, Vladimir A. Aksyuk, Dirk R. Englund, Kartik Srinivasan
Summary: The authors demonstrate a method for generating orbital angular momentum (OAM) using photonic crystal ring resonators, while maintaining high cavity quality factors (up to 10^6). By ejecting high angular momentum states of a whispering gallery mode (WGM) microresonator through a grating-assisted mechanism, a scalable and chip-integrated solution for OAM generation is achieved.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
Kevin C. Chen, Prajit Dhara, Mikkel Heuck, Yuan Lee, Wenhan Dai, Saikat Guha, Dirk Englund
Summary: We propose a scheme for optical entanglement distribution in quantum networks using a quasideterministic entangled photon-pair source. The scheme combines heralded photonic Bell-pair generation with spectral mode conversion to interface with quantum memories, eliminating switching losses in the source. The scheme has advantages for long-baseline entanglement distribution via satellites and ground-based memories, achieving high channel efficiency and improving entanglement generation rate scaling.
PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
Uday Saha, James D. Siverns, John Hannegan, Mihika Prabhu, Qudsia Quraishi, Dirk Englund, Edo Waks
Summary: In this work, we demonstrate the routing of single photons from a trapped ion using a photonic integrated circuit. The emission of the ion is matched to the operating wavelength of the circuit through quantum frequency conversion. Programmable phase shifters are used to switch the single photons between output channels and achieve a 50:50 beam splitting condition. These results are important for programmable routing and entanglement distribution in large-scale quantum networks and distributed quantum computers.
PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED
(2023)
Article
Optics
Kevin J. Palm, Mark Dong, D. Andrew Golter, Genevieve Clark, Matthew Zimmermann, Kevin C. Chen, Linsen Li, Adrian Menssen, Andrew J. Leenheer, Daniel Dominguez, Gerald Gilbert, Matt Eichenfield, Dirk Englund
Summary: A central goal is to create interconnected and individually controlled qubit nodes for long-distance quantum networks and distributed quantum computing. Atom-like emitters in diamond have become a leading system for optically networked quantum memories, driving the development of scalable atom control systems. This study introduces a modular architecture of atom-control integrated circuits and artificial atoms embedded in diamond nanostructures for efficient free-space collection. Through a reconfigurable free-space interconnect, single silicon vacancy color centers in individual diamond waveguides are addressed, achieving efficient single photon detection probabilities and low crosstalk for all channels. The modularity of this system simplifies quantum control, potentially enabling scaling to thousands of channels.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Madison Sutula, Ian Christen, Eric Bersin, Michael P. Walsh, Kevin C. Chen, Justin Mallek, Alexander Melville, Michael Titze, Edward S. Bielejec, Scott Hamilton, Danielle Braje, P. Benjamin Dixon, Dirk R. Englund
Summary: Using a widefield cryogenic microscope and parallel resonant spectroscopy, chip-scale automated optical characterization of solid-state quantum emitters is achieved. Standard optical characterization techniques are not efficient or repeatable at scale, but the introduced spectroscopic techniques enable large-scale, automated characterization of color centers. Resonant photoluminescence excitation in a widefield cryogenic microscope is implemented to speed up resonant spectroscopy by two orders of magnitude compared to confocal microscopy. Automated chip-scale characterization of color centers and devices at room temperature is demonstrated, allowing for accelerated identification of useful quantum emitters and advances in scaling up color center platforms for various applications.
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
Luis Bugalho, Emmanuel Zambrini Cruzeiro, Kevin C. Chen, Wenhan Dai, Dirk Englund, Yasser Omar
Summary: Researchers proposed a quantum random access memory (QRAM) architecture that can retrieve arbitrary superpositions of N quantum memory cells using quantum switches and address qubits. Recent studies have shown the feasibility of implementing QRAM on optically connected quantum networks with efficient resource utilization and error detection. However, modeling QRAM on large networks has been hindered by classical compute requirements. The researchers tackled this issue by introducing a method for simulating large-scale noisy entanglement, analyzing network-based QRAM as an application for quantum data centers or quantum internet, and proposing a modified QRAM architecture for improved fidelity and access rate. They conclude that network-based QRAM can be constructed using existing or near-term technologies such as photonic integrated circuits and quantum memories.
NPJ QUANTUM INFORMATION
(2023)
