Design of Metals Sulfides with Carbon Materials for Supercapacitor Applications: A Review

Supercapacitors are very exclusive among energy-storage devices for the wearable and portable industry. Due to simplicity, abundance occurrence, good electrical conductivity, and rich redox states, metal sulfides have a significant impact in supercapacitor applications in the present decade. Sulfur is the anion, associated with metal cations, and provides substantial tunable electrochemical, electrical, physical, and chemical properties in metal sulfides. In addition, carbonaceous materials enhance the electrochemical characteristics of metal sulfides synergistically for supercapacitors. Fast and scalable synthesis and fabrication of the supercapacitor cell with low-cost metal sulfides and heterostructures should be developed to achieve the potential applications of these hybrid glorious materials. Herein, the significant and critical discussion of metal sulfides synthesis and their hybrid with carbon electrode structures for supercapacitor applications is disclosed. The realistic synthesis of metal sulfides, basic charge storage phenomena to elaborate the electrode nature, electrochemical properties including a single electrode, and asymmetric and symmetric cells are demonstrated for comparative purposes. The market values and application of supercapacitors are also elaborated. Herein, a better understanding to fresh readers about metal sulfide hybrid electrode structures for supercapacitors is provided.

Automated summary

Metal sulfides play a significant role in supercapacitors with enhanced electrochemical characteristics when synergized with carbon materials, offering a variety of physical and chemical properties.