Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Rabia Tasneem, Haji Muhammad Shoaib Khan, Fatima Rasool, Kashif-ur-Rehman Khan, Muhammad Umair, Tuba Esatbeyoglu, Sameh A. Korma
Summary: The potential phytoconstituents of flaxseed were quantified and incorporated into a microemulgel for topical use. The microemulgel, containing flaxseed extract, showed significant effects on skin erythema, melanin, sebum, moisture, and elasticity in an in vivo study. Flaxseed could be a promising candidate for further utilization in the pharmaceutical industry.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Ying Tang, Fei Wang, Yi Wang, Yuwei Wang, Yang Liu, Zhizhao Chen, Wenqiang Li, Shihui Yang, Lixin Ma
Summary: In this study, a prokaryotic Ago protein from a hyperthermophilic archaeon was characterized and found to have typical DNA-guided DNA endonuclease activity. The efficiency and accuracy of cleavage were regulated by various factors such as temperature, divalent ions, gDNA phosphorylation, and complementarity to DNA targets. It was also shown that TtdAgo had programmable cleavage activity towards double-stranded DNA and exhibited cell toxicity towards Zymomonas mobilis.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Peng-Fei Fu, Xuan Cheng, Bing-Qian Su, Li-Fang Duan, Cong-Rong Wang, Xin-Rui Niu, Jiang Wang, Guo-Yu Yang, Bei-Bei Chu
Summary: A double reporter PRV was constructed using gene editing technology for virology studies and antiviral agent evaluation, providing valuable insights for understanding the virulence enhancement of variant PRV and potential treatment options.
VETERINARY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Irshad Ullah, Ayesha Shuja Farooq, Iffat Naz, Waqar Ahmad, Hidayat Ullah, Shama Sehar, Asif Nawaz
Summary: Hydrogel is a promising material for oral drug delivery, and this study focuses on the development of hydrogels for controlled oral delivery of esomeprazole. The hydrogels were prepared by dissolving polymers in Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) solution, and their compatibility with the drug was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. The hydrogels showed uniform size, porous surface, and high drug encapsulation efficiency. In vitro release studies demonstrated controlled release of esomeprazole for 24 hours. In vivo studies showed that the hydrogel formulations exhibited controlled and prolonged release of esomeprazole compared to the drug solution and marketed product. Stability studies indicated that the formulations remained stable under given conditions for 60 days. This study provides valuable insights on the controlled release profile of Hydroxyl propyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and calcium alginate-based esomeprazole hydrogels.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hui Shi, Santosh Panjikar, Chunlei Li, Xiaozheng Ou, Yun Zhou, Kunhao Zhang, Liyan Song, Rongmin Yu, Lianli Sun, Jianhua Zhu
Summary: Previous studies have shown that ASP-3 is a calcium-binding protein from Arca subcrenata that effectively inhibits the proliferation of HepG2 cells. Further research reveals that recombinant ASP-3 inhibits HepG2 cell proliferation by competitively binding to the EGF binding pocket of EGFR and inhibiting multiple signaling pathways. ASP-3 also demonstrates a significant antitumor effect in a HepG2 cell xenograft model, indicating its potential for liver cancer therapy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Thomas D. Brekke, Alexander S. T. Papadopulos, Eva Julia, Oscar Fornas, Beiyuan Fu, Fengtang Yang, Roberto de la Fuente, Jesus Page, Tobias Baril, Alexander Hayward, John F. Mulley
Summary: Chromosome-scale genome assemblies using ultralong-read sequencing technologies reveal fine-scale centromere structure and large-scale variation in genome features. A new chromosome-scale genome of the Mongolian gerbil with complete centromere sequence is presented. Gerbil centromeres consist of four different repeats of various lengths in alternating arrays, spanning 1-6 Mb. The study highlights the importance of karyotypic features in genome interpretation and uncovers novel patterns in chromosome evolution.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dan Peng, Yao Wen, Sixue Bi, Chunhua Huang, Jianing Yang, Zhongyi Guo, Weijuan Huang, Jianhua Zhu, Rongmin Yu, Liyan Song
Summary: This study investigated the purification and characterization of a new immunomodulatory GlcNAc-containing polysaccharide from Morchella importuna, which enhanced phagocytic function, promoted secretion of nitric oxide and cytokines, and regulated mouse immunity to counteract immune damage caused by chemo-therapy drug. Additionally, the polysaccharide enhanced anti-tumor activity and inhibited tumor growth in a breast cancer model, demonstrating its potential as an immune enhancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Shu-Dong Zhang, Kai Yan, Li-Zhen Ling
Summary: In this study, the chloroplast genomes of ten Spiraea species were analyzed and compared with five previously reported genomes. The results showed that the genomes were highly conserved, but there were polymorphic sites and mutation hotspots that could be used as molecular markers for species identification.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Chenglin Tao, Zhengfei Yi, Yaodong Zhang, Yao Wang, Hong Zhu, Dosseh Jean Apotre Afayibo, Tao Li, Mingxing Tian, Jingjing Qi, Chan Ding, Song Gao, Shaohui Wang, Shengqing Yu
Summary: Improper use of antibiotics has led to the rise of multidrug-resistant bacteria, posing a major health threat. Bacterial biofilms also contribute to antibiotic resistance. Phage therapy with SHWT1, a lytic phage against multidrug-resistant Salmonella, showed promising results in vitro and in vivo, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent against salmonellosis caused by resistant strains.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Krzysztof Halczuk, Julia Kazmierczak-Baranska, Boleslaw T. Karwowski, Aleksandra Karmanska, Marcin Cieslak
Summary: Vitamin B12 plays a crucial role in DNA stability by acting as a cofactor for enzymes involved in nucleotide synthesis and DNA methylation. It also has antioxidant properties that protect DNA from oxidative damage. Additionally, it can generate DNA-damaging radicals and has potential applications in drug delivery.
Article
Virology
Rebecca Johnson, Beata Boczkowska, Kendra Alfson, Taylor Weary, Heather Menzie, Jenny Delgado, Gloria Rodriguez, Ricardo Carrion, Anthony Griffiths
Summary: This study found that defective viral genomes (DVGs) accumulate in nonhuman primates infected with Ebola virus (EBOV) and Sudan virus (SUDV), particularly in the testes of infected NHPs. The presence of these DVGs in the viral infections indicates a potential role in EBOV and SUDV pathogenesis, and further research is needed to understand their significance in disease persistence.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Chen Li, Xiaoyan Wu, Xiaoli Wang, Jianli Shi, Chang Liu, Zhe Peng, Hong Han, Shaojian Xu, Shuo Wang, Yingru Ma, Limei Zheng, Nataliia Hrabchenko, Jun Li
Summary: A strain of SVA was isolated from a pig herd in Shandong Province, China and shown to successfully infect pigs and induce robust immune responses. The virus was also capable of transmission to other pigs.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Jianbo Huang, Wenjie Tang, Xvetao Wang, Jun Zhao, Kenan Peng, Xiangang Sun, Shuwei Li, Shengyao Kuang, Ling Zhu, Yuancheng Zhou, Zhiwen Xu
Summary: This study sequenced the complete genome of the pseudorabies virus (PRV) FJ epidemic strain and compared it with other strains. The findings revealed differences between FJ strain and classical Chinese strain, as well as provided insights into the recombination events of PRV. The results have important implications for molecular epidemiology and vaccine development.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Zahra Kharat, Mehdi Amiri Goushki, Nazanin Sarvian, Sedigheh Asad, Mohammad Mehdi Dehghan, Mahboubeh Kabiri
Summary: The study demonstrated promising outcomes in wound healing by combining CO extract with CS/PEO scaffolds using electrospinning technique.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Alina Matsvay, Marina Dyachkova, Ivan Mikhaylov, Daniil Kiselev, Anna Say, Valentina Burskaia, Ilya Artyushin, Kamil Khafizov, German Shipulin
Summary: The first complete genome sequence of a tern atadenovirus (TeAdV-1) is characterized in this study. TeAdV-1 shows unique gene structure and short inverted terminal repeats compared to known representatives of the Atadenovirus genus. Phylogenetic analysis confirms its taxonomic affiliation and suggests TeAdV-1 as a separate species.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Gregory J. Boggy, G. W. McElfresh, Eisa Mahyari, Abigail B. Ventura, Scott G. Hansen, Louis J. Picker, Benjamin N. Bimber
Summary: This study presents novel demultiplexing algorithms (BFFcluster and BFFraw) that accurately classify droplets in cell hashing. The application of these algorithms improves the quality of single-cell sequencing analysis, demonstrating accuracy and consistency for both well-behaved and poorly behaved input data.
Article
Biology
Ceri Alan Fielding, Pragati Sabberwal, James C. Williamson, Edward J. D. Greenwood, Thomas W. M. Crozier, Wioleta Zelek, Jeffrey Seow, Carl Graham, Isabella Huettner, Jonathan D. Edgeworth, David A. Price, Paul B. Morgan, Kristin Ladell, Matthias Eberl, Ian R. Humphreys, Blair Merrick, Katie Doores, Sam J. Wilson, Paul J. Lehner, Eddie C. Y. Wang, Richard J. Stanton
Summary: The outcome of infection depends on the ability of viruses to manipulate the infected cells and the immune response. Understanding this process is crucial for understanding disease progression and immunity. SARS-CoV-2 can antagonize innate immunity and decrease NK cell activation through modulation of protein synthesis. Antibody-dependent NK cell activation plays a significant role in disease, and vaccine-induced ADNKA is different from natural infection-induced ADNKA.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Nina Weiler, Kerstin Laib Sampaio, Richard James Stanton, Christian Sinzger
Summary: Combined knockdown of RL13 and UL128 by specific siRNAs allows reliable release of cell-free infectivity from otherwise strictly cell-associated HCMV isolates without the need to modify the viral genome.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Zack Saud, Calvin A. J. Richards, Geraint Williams, Richard J. Stanton
Summary: The study found that organic coatings containing smart-release Cu2+ pigment can completely inactivate SARS-CoV-2 within 4 hours, demonstrating a stronger ability to neutralize the virus compared to metallic copper and un-pigmented material. This simple coating system holds promise as a cost-effective and rapidly deployable solution for virus inactivation on high touch surfaces.
PROGRESS IN ORGANIC COATINGS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Martin J. Scurr, George Lippiatt, Lorenzo Capitani, Kirsten Bentley, Sarah N. Lauder, Kathryn Smart, Michelle S. Somerville, Tara Rees, Richard J. Stanton, Awen Gallimore, James P. Hindley, Andrew Godkin
Summary: Measurement of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses in whole blood can predict the risk of infection. A low magnitude T cell response is associated with a higher risk of infection, while a high magnitude response significantly reduces the risk.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
M. Clement, J. L. Forbester, M. Marsden, P. Sabberwal, M. S. Sommerville, D. Wellington, S. Dimonte, S. Clare, K. Harcourt, Z. Yin, L. Nobre, R. Antrobus, B. Jin, M. Chen, S. Makvandi-Nejad, J. A. Lindborg, S. M. Strittmatter, M. P. Weekes, R. J. Stanton, T. Dong, I. R. Humphreys
Summary: IFITM3 restricts viral pathogenesis by regulating Nogo-B-mediated inflammatory response, not only in response to cytomegalovirus but also to influenza and SARS-CoV-2.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Liina Nagirnaja, Alexandra M. Lopes, Wu-Lin Charng, Brian Miller, Rytis Stakaitis, Ieva Golubickaite, Alexandra Stendahl, Tianpengcheng Luan, Corinna Friedrich, Eisa Mahyari, Eloise Fadial, Laura Kasak, Katinka Vigh-Conrad, Manon S. Oud, Miguel J. Xavier, Samuel R. Cheers, Emma R. James, Jingtao Guo, Timothy G. Jenkins, Antoni Riera-Escamilla, Alberto Barros, Filipa Carvalho, Susana Fernandes, Joao Goncalves, Christina A. Gurnett, Niels Jorgensen, Davor Jezek, Emily S. Jungheim, Sabine Kliesch, Robert McLachlan, Kenan R. Omurtag, Adrian Pilatz, Jay Sandlow, James Smith, Michael L. Eisenberg, James M. Hotaling, Keith A. Jarvi, Margus Punab, Ewa Rajpert-De Meyts, Douglas T. Carrell, Csilla Krausz, Maris Laan, Moira K. O'Bryan, Peter N. Schlegel, Frank Tuettelmann, Joris A. Veltman, Kristian Almstrup, Kenneth Aston, Donald F. Conrad
Summary: In this study, exome-sequencing was conducted on over 1000 clinically diagnosed NOA cases, and a potential recessive Mendelian cause was identified in 20% of the cases. Integration with single-cell RNA sequencing data revealed different molecular subforms of azoospermia genes, including previously unrecognized subforms. This study highlights the importance of studying NOA as an understudied Mendelian disorder and provides a rational basis for understanding the complex genetics of male infertility.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jochen M. Wettengel, Lea Hansen-Palmus, Sofiya Yusova, Lauren Rust, Sreya Biswas, Julien Carson, Junghyun Ryu, Benjamin N. Bimber, Jon D. Hennebold, Benjamin J. Burwitz
Summary: CRISPR/Cas systems are promising tools for genome editing. A novel reporter system called BETLE is described, which enables fast, sensitive, and cell-specific detection of genome editing. BETLE includes multiple reporter proteins encoded in different open-reading frames, allowing for the analysis of editing and localization of genome-edited cells. It is a versatile tool that can be used for in vitro evaluation and optimization of CRISPR/Cas genome editing and HDR.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Virology
Maria Jose Lista, Adam A. Witney, Jenna Nichols, Andrew J. Davison, Harry Wilson, Katie A. Latham, Benjamin J. Ravenhill, Katie Nightingale, Richard J. Stanton, Michael P. Weekes, Stuart J. D. Neil, Chad M. Swanson, Blair L. Strang
Summary: Cellular antiviral factors, such as ZAP, can recognize viral nucleic acid and inhibit virus replication. However, the sensitivity of HCMV to ZAP varies among different strains, which may be related to their interactions with the interferon signaling system, rather than the CpG content of their RNAs.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Rhys T. Meredith, Max D. Bermingham, Kirsten Bentley, Sayeh Agah, Abigail Aboagye-Odei, Ross A. R. Yarham, Hayley Mills, Muddassir Shaikh, Neil Hoye, Richard J. Stanton, David R. Chadwick, Maria A. Oliver
Summary: This study aims to compare the immune responses to COVID-19 vaccines between immunocompromised and immunocompetent individuals. The results indicate that certain subgroups within immunocompromised populations exhibit poor immune responses to the vaccines, highlighting the need for personalized immunization or treatment strategies to improve protection.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Caroline L. Ashley, Brian P. McSharry, Hamish E. G. McWilliam, Richard J. Stanton, Ceri A. Fielding, Rommel A. Mathias, David P. Fairlie, James McCluskey, Jose A. Villadangos, Jamie Rossjohn, Allison Abendroth, Barry Slobedman
Summary: This study reveals that human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) inhibits the MR1 pathway and disrupts the MR1:MAIT cell axis through the viral protein gpUS9. The interaction between this virus and MAIT cells in the context of viral infection is not well characterized.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Michael D. Grant, Kirsten Bentley, Ceri A. Fielding, Keeley M. Hatfield, Danielle P. Ings, Debbie Harnum, Eddie C. Y. Wang, Richard J. Stanton, Kayla A. Holder
Summary: Antibodies that neutralize SARS-CoV-2 have been extensively studied, but the impact of Fc receptor-dependent activities on infection is not well understood. This study investigated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) specific to the spike protein. Vaccination induced weak ADCC, while individuals with prior infection exhibited strong anti-spike ADCC. Humoral immunity, influenced by infection and vaccination, contributed to this capability. Antibodies targeting both spike domains supported strong ADCC, even against variants with mutations in the receptor-binding domain (RBD). Hybrid immunity may explain the superior protection compared to vaccination alone and suggests the need for spike-only vaccines to induce combined anti-S1 and anti-S2 antibody responses.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anzelika Rubina, Mihil Patel, Katie Nightingale, Martin Potts, Ceri A. Fielding, Simon Kollnberger, Betty Lau, Kristin Ladell, Kelly L. Miners, Jenna Nichols, Luis Nobre, Dawn Roberts, Terrence M. Trinca, Jason P. Twohig, Virginia-Maria Vlahava, Andrew J. Davison, David A. Price, Peter Tomasec, Gavin W. G. Wilkinson, Michael P. Weekes, Richard J. Stanton, Eddie C. Y. Wang
Summary: Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) impairs host immune defenses by targeting the protease ADAM17, which leads to the regulation of multiple surface receptors. This provides a paradigm for viral-encoded immunomodulation.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Eleanor C. Semmes, Itzayana G. Miller, Nicole Rodgers, Caroline T. Phan, Jillian H. Hurst, Kyle M. Walsh, Richard J. Stanton, Justin Pollara, Sallie R. Permar
Summary: Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a common vertically transmitted infection worldwide, but there are currently no vaccines or therapeutics to prevent congenital HCMV (cCMV) infection. Recent evidence suggests that antibody Fc effector functions may play an important role in maternal immunity against HCMV. This study demonstrates that antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) activation is associated with a lower risk of cCMV transmission, providing insights for future research and vaccine development.
Meeting Abstract
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Mazen Noureddin, Eric Lawitz, Angela Ritter, Tarek Hassanein, Kelly Bowman, Scott Kelly, Eisa Mahyari, Jonah Sacha, Scott Hansen, Christopher Recknor
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2022)