Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Junting Xie, Xiaoning Hou, Wanshi He, Jie Xiao, Yong Cao, Xiaojuan Liu
Summary: Although the specific action site and signal pathway of astaxanthin in weight loss remain unclear, this study used Caenorhabditis elegans to shed light on its efficacy and specific action sites. The supplementation of 60 μM astaxanthin significantly reduced fat deposition and triglyceride levels and prevented obesity caused by excessive energy accumulation. These effects were induced by sbp-1/mdt-15 and insulin/insulin-like growth factor pathways, and co-regulated the down-regulation of specific sites fat-6 and fat-7.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Chao-Yue Kong, Zhan-Ming Li, Hui-Ling Chen, Yu-Qin Mao, Bing Han, Jian-Jun Guo, Li-Shun Wang
Summary: This study investigated the benefits of a novel dietary treatment in mice with MetS. The results showed that the CR-YD diet had a better therapeutic effect in mice with HFD-induced MetS compared to calorie restriction alone.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Byungtae Hwang, Min-Gi Kwon, Min Ji Cho, Nam-Kyung Lee, Jangwook Lee, Jeong Woong Lee, Kyoung-Jin Oh, Kwang-Hee Bae, Jung Hwan Hwang, Jeong-Ki Min, Jong-Gil Park
Summary: This study highlights the critical role of PTP4A1 in regulating hepatosteatosis and glucose homeostasis. It demonstrates that PTP4A1 prevents the accumulation of hepatic lipids and regulates glucose uptake by activating the CREBH/FGF21 axis. Modulating PTP4A1 may offer a potential therapeutic strategy against hepatosteatosis-related diseases.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Antwi-Boasiako Oteng, Sei Higuchi, Alexander S. Banks, Rebecca A. Haeusler
Summary: Cyp2c-/- mice, lacking MCAs and with altered BA composition, are protected from diet-induced obesity and show reduced intestinal lipid absorption. While MCAs do not protect against diet-induced obesity, they may offer protection against liver injury.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Vanessa M. Lima, Jianming Liu, Bruna B. Brandao, Caroline A. Lino, Camila S. Balbino Silva, Marcio A. C. Ribeiro, Tiago E. Oliveira, Caroline C. Real, Daniele de Paula Faria, Carly Cederquist, Zhan-Peng Huang, Xiaoyun Hu, Maria Luiza Barreto-Chaves, Julio C. B. Ferreira, William T. Festuccia, Marcelo A. Mori, C. Ronald Kahn, Da-Zhi Wang, Gabriela P. Diniz
Summary: miR-22 plays a role in white, beige, and brown adipocyte differentiation. Deletion of miR-22 reduces white adipocyte differentiation, increases BAT activity, and enhances resistance in HFD-fed mice.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Natalie R. Janzen, Jamie Whitfield, Lisa Murray-Segal, Bruce E. Kemp, John A. Hawley, Nolan J. Hoffman
Summary: By studying AMPK beta double knock-in mice, it was found that DKI mice displayed increased whole-body fat mass and glucose intolerance, along with reduced fat oxidation compared to wild-type. DKI mice had reduced liver glycogen content in the fed state, increased utilization of skeletal muscle glycogen in response to fasting but no repletion during refeeding, and also showed reductions in AMPK protein content in liver and skeletal muscle compared to WT.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jorge G. Garcia, Eduardo Ansorena, Fermin I. Milagro, Guillermo Zalba, Carlos de Miguel
Summary: This study suggests that endothelial NOX5 expression may regulate glucose sensitivity and lipid homeostasis in adipose tissue under conditions of high-calorie diet.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Eryun Zhang, Lihua Jin, Yangmeng Wang, Jui Tu, Ruirong Zheng, Lili Ding, Zhipeng Fang, Mingjie Fan, Ismail Al-Abdullah, Rama Natarajan, Ke Ma, Zhengtao Wang, Arthur D. Riggs, Sarah C. Shuck, Li Yang, Wendong Huang
Summary: This study reveals that AMPK in the intestine modulates brown adipose tissue thermogenesis and affects energy balance and metabolic disorders. These findings provide important insights into the mechanism of metformin, a drug used to treat diabetes.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Katya Frazier, Sumeed Manzoor, Katherine Carroll, Orlando Deleon, Sawako Miyoshi, Jun Miyoshi, Marissa St. George, Alan Tan, Evan A. Chrisler, Mariko Izumo, Joseph S. Takahashi, Mrinalini C. Rao, Vanessa A. Leone, Eugene B. Chang
Summary: There is hierarchical, bidirectional communication between gut microbes and the liver circadian clock, with the liver clock relying on gut microbes to regulate glucose and lipid metabolism.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yugo Kato, Yoshinori Aoki, Chikako Kiyose, Koji Fukui
Summary: T3s attenuate obesity by inhibiting body fat and serum cholesterol increase, and also improve cognitive function.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lawrence S. Argetsinger, Anabel Flores, Nadezhda Svezhova, Michael Ellis, Caitlin Reynolds, Jessica L. Cote, Joel M. Cline, Martin G. Myers, Christin Carter-Su
Summary: Human variants of SH2B1 are associated with severe childhood obesity, hyperphagia, and insulin resistance, which can be mimicked by mice lacking Sh2b1. The beta and gamma isoforms of SH2B1 are expressed ubiquitously, while the alpha and delta isoforms are primarily expressed in the brain. Neuronal SH2B1 beta may have a crucial role in energy balance control.
Article
Cell Biology
Manisha Gupte, Sultan Tousif, Jacob J. Lemon, Angelica Toro Cora, Prachi Umbarkar, Hind Lal
Summary: Obesity-associated metabolic disorders are increasing globally, and there is a need to understand the molecular mechanisms behind them. The study finds that GSK-3 plays a significant role in metabolic diseases, particularly in patients with Type 2 diabetes. Using novel mouse models, the researchers discover that GSK-3 has isoform-specific effects on obesity and glucose tolerance, highlighting the importance of these findings for clinical applications.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Motochika Asano, Kazuo Kajita, Masayuki Fuwa, Toshiko Kajita, Ichiro Mori, Noriyuki Akahoshi, Isao Ishii, Hiroyuki Morita
Summary: This study found that the S1P(1) agonist SEW-2871 and S1P(2) antagonist JTE-013 can reduce body weight and fat accumulation in obese mice and improve glucose tolerance. This suggests that endogenous S1P may promote obesity/type 2 diabetes through the S1P(2), while exogenous S1P may act against them through the S1P(1).
Article
Food Science & Technology
Thiago dos Reis Araujo, Mariana Roberta Rodrigues Muniz, Bruna Lourenconi Alves, Lohanna Monali Barreto dos Santos, Maressa Fernandes Bonfim, Joel Alves da Silva Junior, Jean Franciesco Vettorazzi, Claudio Cesar Zoppi, Everardo Magalhaes Carneiro
Summary: Early childhood malnutrition may lead to the onset of obesity and diabetes mellitus in adulthood. The study found that tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) has beneficial effects on glucose homeostasis and body fat accumulation in protein-restricted mice. TUDCA reduces obesity, improves metabolic flexibility, and restores glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity through multiple pathways, serving as a potential strategy to reverse metabolic disorders.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Amanda A. Greenwell, Christina T. Saed, Seyed Amirhossein Tabatabaei Dakhili, Kim L. Ho, Keshav Gopal, Jordan S. F. Chan, Oksana O. Kaczmar, Scott A. Dyer, Farah Eaton, Gary D. Lopaschuk, Rami Al Batran, John R. Ussher
Summary: Ketogenic diets did not effectively promote fat loss or improve glucose homeostasis in obese mice, while a low-fat and high-complex carbohydrate diet resulted in beneficial changes in body composition and improved glucose tolerance. Therefore, caution should be taken when considering ketogenic diets as a non-pharmacological strategy for obesity.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2022)