Article
Environmental Sciences
Milda Babonaite, Matas Cepulis, Jurate Kazlauskaite, Juozas Rimantas Lazutka
Summary: According to PlasticEurope, global plastics production reached 390.7 million tons in 2021. Unfortunately, a large portion of these plastics end up as waste in the ocean or on land due to their non-biodegradable nature. This study focused on evaluating the internalization rates, cytotoxicity, and genotoxicity of polystyrene nanoparticles (PS-NPs) in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in vitro. The results showed that while PS-NPs did not have a cytotoxic effect on PBMCs, they did induce primary DNA damage and micronucleated cells, indicating their genotoxic potential.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Peter Moller, Amaya Azqueta, Adriana Rodriguez-Garraus, Tamara Bakuradze, Elke Richling, Ezgi Eyluel Bankoglu, Helga Stopper, Victoria Claudino Bastos, Sabine A. S. Langie, Annie Jensen, Sara Ristori, Francesca Scavone, Lisa Giovannelli, Maria Wojewodzka, Marcin Kruszewski, Vanessa Valdiglesias, Blanca Laffon, Carla Costa, Solange Costa, Joao Paulo Teixeira, Mirko Marino, Cristian Del Bo, Patrizia Riso, Congying Zheng, Sergey Shaposhnikov, Andrew Collins
Summary: Accumulation of DNA strand breaks during cryopreservation is not a concern for mononuclear blood cell lines, and there is inter-laboratory variation in the results.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Zeynep Baydas, Merve Bacanli, Nursen Basaran
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of storage conditions on genotoxicity in human whole blood and lymphocyte samples, finding that samples stored at specific temperatures for up to 12 months can be used instead of fresh samples.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Elien Beyls, Ans Baeyens, Anne Vral
Summary: This study successfully applied the MN assay on cryopreserved whole blood samples, demonstrating its reliability for radiosensitivity testing. Repeated analysis showed that MN values in cryopreserved blood samples remain stable for up to one year of storage. Radiosensitive patients were successfully identified using the MN assay on cryopreserved samples.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Reproductive Biology
Ahmed Reda Elkhawagah, Nicola Antonio Martino, Mohamed Mahmoud Moustafa Kandiel, Karima Ghoneimy Mahmoud, Alessandro Ricci, Leila Vincenti
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of cysteamine on the quality of frozen-thawed buffalo semen. The results showed that cysteamine at different concentrations improved sperm motility, viability, morphology, plasma membrane integrity, and reduced oxidative stress. It also had an impact on DNA integrity. However, cysteamine did not affect the in vitro fertilization capacity of the sperm.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ji-Eun Seo, Kelly Davis, Pritpal Malhi, Xiaobo He, Matthew Bryant, John Talpos, Susan Burks, Nan Mei, Xiaoqing Guo
Summary: Non-human primates (NHPs) have been crucial in various studies due to their physiological and genetic similarity to humans. This study isolated primary hepatocytes from rhesus macaques and compared their sensitivity and specificity in detecting genotoxic/carcinogenic compounds with primary human hepatocytes. Despite differences in CYP450 enzyme activities, the results showed that PMHs can be a reliable surrogate for PHHs in evaluating genotoxic hazards.
Article
Physiology
Shaharior Hossen, Soo Cheol Kim, Yusin Cho, Kang Hee Kho
Summary: The aim of this study was to improve the sperm cryopreservation protocol of marbled flounder by evaluating the vitality of 7-day and 1-year cryopreserved sperm. It was found that a cryopreservation protocol using sucrose solution combined with 15% dimethyl sulfoxide or 12% glycerol showed similar results to fresh sperm, indicating potential for hatchery and germplasm bank purposes. Differences were observed in plasma membrane integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential, and DNA integrity between fresh and cryopreserved sperm, highlighting the importance of selecting the appropriate cryoprotectant and extender for successful sperm cryopreservation.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Morten Juhl, Jan Pravsgaard Christensen, Anders Elm Pedersen, Jens Kastrup, Annette Ekblond
Summary: Investigational cell-based therapeutics are moving towards pivotal clinical trials, emphasizing the importance of potency assays and standardization. Establishment of a cryopreserved PBMC bank is crucial for standardization and foundation for further studies. The study aims to optimize preservation methods and assay development, considering factors like cell concentrations and medium changes.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGICAL METHODS
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Tim Hoyt, Fawn A. Walter, Tegan M. Michl
Summary: This study evaluated archival data for 40 women who were candidates for reoperative bariatric surgery and completed the MMPI-2-RF. The results showed no significant differences in MMPI-2-RF scores between reoperative candidates who did and did not undergo a second surgery. Additionally, age and initial BMI were found to be better predictors of BMI outcomes following reoperative surgery than MMPI-2-RF scores.
Article
Biophysics
Sakthivel Kumaravel, Shao-Hsuan Wu, Guan-Zhang Chen, Sheng-Tung Huang, Chun-Mao Lin, Yu-Chieh Lee, Ching-Hui Chen
Summary: Formaldehyde is a reactive carbonyl species produced naturally in the human body, but highly toxic in high concentrations. Two ratiometric electrochemical molecular redox probes were designed for selective profiling of endogenous formaldehyde, showing broad dynamic ranges and low detection limits. These probes also demonstrated the ability to monitor creatinine levels, providing a reliable analytical performance for quantification of formaldehyde and creatinine in various biological samples.
BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jordi Aligue, Mireia Vicente, Anna Arnau, Jaume Trape, Eva Martinez, Mariona Bonet, Andres Abril, Omar El Boutrouki, Roser Ordeig, Domingo Ruiz, Josep Ordeig, Antonio San Jose
Summary: Numerous studies have been conducted on involuntary weight loss (IWL) since the 1980s, but this study focused on patients with isolated IWL attending a rapid diagnostic unit (RDU) between 2005 and 2013. The results showed that almost a quarter of patients were diagnosed with cancer, and the mortality rate at 12 months was higher in this group compared to others. It emphasizes the importance of ruling out malignancy in patients presenting with IWL.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nikolaos I. Vlachogiannis, Panagiotis A. Ntouros, Maria Pappa, Evrydiki Kravvariti, Evangelia Georgia Kostaki, Georgios E. Fragoulis, Christina Papanikolaou, Dimitra Mavroeidi, Vasiliki-Kalliopi Bournia, Stylianos Panopoulos, Katerina Laskari, Aikaterini Arida, Vassilis G. Gorgoulis, Maria G. Tektonidou, Dimitrios Paraskevis, Petros P. Sfikakis, Vassilis L. Souliotis
Summary: Aging is characterized by the progressive deregulation of homeostatic mechanisms causing the accumulation of macromolecular damage, affecting organ function and leading to chronic diseases. In this study, the relationship between chronological age and DNA damage response (DDR) signals in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy individuals was investigated. The results showed that DNA damage levels in PBMCs were only marginally correlated with age until 50 years, but a linear relationship was observed after 50 years. Furthermore, individuals older than 50 years exhibited higher levels of endogenous double-strand breaks (DSBs), oxidative stress, apurinic/apyrimidinic sites, and decreased DSBs repair capacity compared to those younger than 50 years. Prospective studies are needed to confirm DNA damage accumulation as a biomarker of aging and determine the relevant age threshold.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Davide Romano, Antonella Macerollo, Giuseppe Giannaccare, Daniela Mazzuca, Alfredo Borgia, Vito Romano, Francesco Semeraro, Richard Ellis
Summary: A 35-year-old female with positive COVID-19 anamnesis presented with headache, tingling and numbness, and visual disturbance. MRI showed acute demyelinating lesions. Initially diagnosed as clinically isolated syndrome, but later changed to relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis due to new inflammatory lesions.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Toxicology
Beyza Merve Yildiz, Deniz Yuzbasioglu, Zehranur Yuksekdag, Demet Cetin, Fatma Unal, Zekiye Suludere
Summary: Exopolysaccharide EPSKC27L isolated from Lactobacillus salivarius (new genus name Ligilactobacillus) KC27L strain exhibits antioxidant properties and does not pose genotoxic risk at appropriate concentrations. EPSKC27L also reduces DNA damage induced by mitomycin-C, methyl methanesulfonate, and hydrogen peroxide.
TOXICOLOGY IN VITRO
(2023)
Article
Toxicology
V. Volobaev, S. Bach, E. Shchetnikova, E. Vdovina, A. Rosinskiy, A. Larionov
Summary: Short-term storage led to significant increases in comet tail intensity and olive tail moment in both HPBL and FLECH-104 samples. Freezing FLECH-104 samples at -80 degrees C and -196 degrees C resulted in increased tail intensity, while frozen HPBL samples did not show significant increases and even exhibited a slight decrease. Increased frequency of highly damaged cells was observed in both short-term storage and after freezing, suggesting a significant destructive effect.
TOXICOLOGY MECHANISMS AND METHODS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniela Martini, Mirko Marino, Samuele Venturi, Massimiliano Tucci, Dorothy Klimis-Zacas, Patrizia Riso, Marisa Porrini, Cristian Del Bo'
Summary: Blueberries and their bioactive compounds have potential health-promoting effects, particularly in improving vascular function. However, conflicting results exist regarding their effects on inflammation, oxidative stress, and cardiometabolic risk markers. More high-quality human intervention studies are needed to further validate these findings and explore the relationship between the structure and function of (poly)phenols.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Michela Carola Speciani, Giorgio Gargari, Roberto Penagini, Massimiliano Mutignani, Monica Ferraroni, Arianna Natale, Michail Katsoulis, Marcello Cintolo, Pierfrancesco Leone, Aldo Airoldi, Maurizio Vecchi, Rossella Bonzi, Clorinda Ciafardini, Barbara Oreggia, Pietro Carnevali, Simone Guglielmetti, Patrizia Riso, Carlo La Vecchia, Marta Rossi
Summary: Garlic consumption is inversely associated with the risk of intestinal adenoma and colorectal cancer. This study found that medium/high garlic consumption is related to a decrease in the risk of colorectal cancer and is associated with changes in specific blood bacterial taxa.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Peter Moller, Amaya Azqueta, Julen Sanz-Serrano, Tamara Bakuradze, Elke Richling, Ezgi Eyluel Bankoglu, Helga Stopper, Victoria Claudino Bastos, Sabine A. S. Langie, Annie Jensen, Francesca Scavone, Lisa Giovannelli, Maria Wojewodzka, Marcin Kruszewski, Vanessa Valdiglesias, Blanca Laffon, Carla Costa, Solange Costa, Joao Paulo Teixeira, Mirko Marino, Cristian Del Bo, Patrizia Riso, Congying Zheng, Sergey Shaposhnikov, Andrew Collins
Summary: Measurement of DNA migration in the comet assay can be done through image analysis or visual scoring, with the latter accounting for a significant portion of the published results. This study examines the variability in visual scoring of comets among different investigators and suggests the use of three reference sets for scoring. The results show both inter-investigator and intra-investigator variation in scoring, indicating a need for further standardization, but also demonstrate that visual scoring remains a reliable method for analyzing DNA migration in comets.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Peter Moller, Amaya Azqueta, Miguel Collia, Tamara Bakuradze, Elke Richling, Ezgi Eyluel Bankoglu, Helga Stopper, Victoria Claudino Bastos, Sabine A. S. Langie, Annie Jensen, Sara Ristori, Francesca Scavone, Lisa Giovannelli, Maria Wojewodzka, Marcin Kruszewski, Vanessa Valdiglesias, Blanca Laffon, Carla Costa, Solange Costa, Joao Paulo Teixeira, Mirko Marino, Cristian Del Bo, Patrizia Riso, Congying Zheng, Sergey Shaposhnikov, Andrew Collins
Summary: The comet assay is a versatile method for measuring DNA damage, but there is no agreement on optimal assay conditions or suitable assay controls, resulting in inter-laboratory variation. The hCOMET ring trial tested KBrO3 as a positive control for the Fpg-modified comet assay and demonstrated its robustness. However, inter-laboratory variation in DNA migration levels remains a concern.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Cristian Del Bo', Simone Perna, Sabika Allehdan, Ayesha Rafique, Sara Saad, Fahad AlGhareeb, Mariangela Rondanelli, Reema F. Tayyem, Mirko Marino, Daniela Martini, Patrizia Riso
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the overall effects of the Mediterranean diet on NAFLD patients. The results suggest that the Mediterranean diet may reduce indirect and direct outcomes linked with NAFLD severity, such as total cholesterol, liver fibrosis, and waist circumference. However, further research is needed to confirm these findings.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Samuele Venturi, Mirko Marino, Iolanda Cioffi, Daniela Martini, Cristian Del Bo', Simone Perna, Patrizia Riso, Dorothy Klimis-Zacas, Marisa Porrini
Summary: Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a group of dysmetabolic conditions accompanied by oxidative stress, inflammation, and vascular dysfunction. Berries and their bioactives have shown potential in mitigating the risk factors associated with MetS. This systematic review summarizes recent human intervention studies on the effects of berries in subjects with MetS parameters, showing positive effects on lipid profile and inflammation. However, further high-quality trials are needed to fully establish the role of berries in reducing risk factors for MetS.
Editorial Material
Nutrition & Dietetics
Daniela Martini, Mirko Marino, Cristian Del Bo
Article
Pediatrics
Batool Ahmed, Afnan Freije, Amina Omran, Mariangela Rondanelli, Mirko Marino, Simone Perna
Summary: This study analyzed the fatty acid content in human milk and its relationship with preterm infants' growth velocity. Mature milk samples from 15 mothers were collected and analyzed. The lipid profile was found to be low in essential fatty acids, which could affect the nutrition of preterm infants.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Peter Moller, Amaya Azqueta, Adriana Rodriguez-Garraus, Tamara Bakuradze, Elke Richling, Ezgi Eyluel Bankoglu, Helga Stopper, Victoria Claudino Bastos, Sabine A. S. Langie, Annie Jensen, Sara Ristori, Francesca Scavone, Lisa Giovannelli, Maria Wojewodzka, Marcin Kruszewski, Vanessa Valdiglesias, Blanca Laffon, Carla Costa, Solange Costa, Joao Paulo Teixeira, Mirko Marino, Cristian Del Bo, Patrizia Riso, Congying Zheng, Sergey Shaposhnikov, Andrew Collins
Summary: Accumulation of DNA strand breaks during cryopreservation is not a concern for mononuclear blood cell lines, and there is inter-laboratory variation in the results.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Peter Moller, Amaya Azqueta, Adriana Rodriguez-Garraus, Tamara Bakuradze, Elke Richling, Ezgi Eyluel Bankoglu, Helga Stopper, Victoria Claudino Bastos, Sabine A. S. Langie, Annie Jensen, Sara Ristori, Francesca Scavone, Lisa Giovannelli, Maria Wojewodzka, Marcin Kruszewski, Vanessa Valdiglesias, Blanca Laffon, Carla Costa, Solange Costa, Joao Paulo Teixeira, Mirko Marino, Cristian Del Bo', Patrizia Riso, Congying Zheng, Sergey Shaposhnikov, Andrew Collins
Summary: The study finds that potassium bromate is a suitable positive control for the Fpg-modified comet assay, which is widely used to measure oxidatively generated damage to DNA. Although all laboratories obtained positive concentration-response relationships, there was variation in the levels of Fpg-sensitive sites between different laboratories. However, the consistency between the measurements of %Tail DNA values and visual scores of comet images done in the central laboratory suggests a potential source of inter-laboratory variation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mirko Marino, Samuele Venturi, Marco Rendine, Marisa Porrini, Claudio Gardana, Dorothy Klimis-Zacas, Cristian Del Bo', Patrizia Riso
Summary: Increasing evidence suggests that impairment of intestinal permeability is associated with various metabolic and functional disorders. Dietary factors, including polyphenol-rich foods such as wild blueberries, can potentially affect intestinal permeability. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of wild blueberry powder on Caco-2 cell monolayer permeability and identify the underlying mechanisms.