Review
Environmental Sciences
Mohsin Nawaz, Jianfan Sun, Samina Shabbir, Wajid Ali Khattak, Guangqian Ren, Xiaojun Nie, Yanwen Bo, Qaiser Javed, Daolin Du, Christian Sonne
Summary: Plants exposed to various stressors can suffer adverse effects on their growth and development, threatening biodiversity and ecosystem services. Little is known about how plants respond to multiple stressors and how these responses affect their physiology. Research has shown that exposure to combined biotic and abiotic stressors can lead to inhibited growth, oxidative imbalance, nutrient assimilation disruption, and stunted root growth. The impact extends beyond individual plants to affect the rhizosphere nutrient profile and microbiome, influencing the biodiversity of the microenvironment. To promote stress tolerance in plants and address global environmental issues, interdisciplinary approaches and advanced technologies are needed for a comprehensive understanding of stress tolerance mechanisms and the development of stress-tolerant plants.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Horticulture
Sema Karakas, Ibrahim Bolat, Murat Dikilitas
Summary: The study showed that companion planting with the halophytic plant Portulaca oleracea can improve the growth and fruit yield of strawberry plants under salt stress conditions, enhancing fruit quality as well.
Article
Environmental Sciences
M. Kazlauskas, Z. Jurgelene, S. Semcuk, K. Joksas, N. Kazlauskiene, D. Montvydiene
Summary: This study aims to synthesize graphene oxide (GO) and investigate its phytotoxicity and its co-exposure with a metal mixture using garden cress (Lepidium sativum L.) as a test organism. The study found that the tested concentrations of the metal mixture, GO, and the mixture of both did not affect seed germination, root growth, and biomass of roots and seedlings. However, it did alter photosynthesis processes, enhance carotenoid and H2O2 production, and activate lipid peroxidation. Additionally, the study revealed that GO affects the accumulation of tested metals in the plants due to its adsorption capacity.
Article
Plant Sciences
Sara Blicharz, Gerrit T. S. Beemster, Laura Ragni, Nuria De Diego, Lukas Spichal, Alba E. Hernandiz, Lukasz Marczak, Marcin Olszak, Dawid Perlikowski, Arkadiusz Kosmala, Robert Malinowski
Summary: This study demonstrates the impact of drought stress on the phloem sap content of Pisum sativum plants, and how these changes are connected to the plant's strategies to cope with water deficit. Results indicate that under drought stress, pea plants undergo metabolic changes in the phloem sap content to adapt to environmental conditions.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Fabrizio Pietrini, Laura Passatore, Serena Carloni, Lorenzo Massimi, Maria Luisa Astolfi, Chiara Giusto, Massimo Zacchini
Summary: Environmental pollution caused by heavy metals is a significant threat to the environment and human health. Using safer substitutes for toxic heavy metals, like Bi instead of Pb, is a potential solution. However, there is limited research on the effects of Bi on living organisms, especially plants. This study found that Bi has a toxic effect on plant growth, reduces chlorophyll and carotenoid content, impairs nitrogen balance, and affects the photosynthetic machinery.
FRONTIERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Gabriela Eugenia Ajila Celi, Priscila Lupino Grata, Maria Gabriela Dantas Bereta Lanza, Andre Rodrigues dos Reis
Summary: Under abiotic stress, plants undergo physiological and biochemical changes. Ascorbic acid (AsA) is a non-enzymatic compound that plays important physiological roles and acts as an antioxidant in plants. The concentration of AsA varies among different species, and its levels can be increased through endogenous or exogenous pathways to promote antioxidant metabolism and alleviate the effects of abiotic stress.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Hassan Etesami, Hamideh Fatemi, Muhammad Rizwan
Summary: Salinity stress is a destructive non-biological stress for plants, causing various changes in plants, but can be alleviated with the help of nanotechnology. The relationship and interaction between nanoparticles and intracellular mechanisms in plants under salt stress still need further understanding.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2021)
Review
Plant Sciences
Haodong Liu, Chunmei Xiao, Tianci Qiu, Jie Deng, Hua Cheng, Xin Cong, Shuiyuan Cheng, Shen Rao, Yue Zhang
Summary: This article summarizes the role of selenium (Se) in alleviating various abiotic stresses, such as water, temperature, light, salt, and heavy metals, in plants. It discusses the uptake and metabolic processes of Se in plants and its functions in response to different stressors. Se promotes beneficial substance uptake, maintains plasma membrane stability, and enhances antioxidant enzyme activity, thereby mitigating adverse effects on plants. The article also suggests future research directions on the relationship between Se and abiotic stresses in plants. It contributes to a deeper understanding of the interaction between Se and plants.
Review
Forestry
Elena A. A. Erofeeva
Summary: Woody plants are important for terrestrial ecosystems and are affected by climate change. Studies show that low doses of climate stressors can cause hormesis in woody plants, leading to trade-offs and preconditioning. This review highlights the need for further research on climate hormesis in woody species and its role in forest ecosystem adaptation to climate change.
JOURNAL OF FORESTRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Horticulture
Pooran Golkar, Mostafa Abdollahi Bakhtiari, Mehdi Bazarganipour
Summary: Nanographene oxides (NGO) have significant impacts on the growth and biochemical characteristics of Lepidium sativum L. calli, particularly showing increases in total phenolics content, total flavonoids content, and enzymatic activities at a concentration of 300 μg/mL. However, under NGO elicitation, some enzyme activities and callus growth rate exhibit a decreasing trend.
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Tvrtko Karlo Kovacevic, Nina Isic, Nikola Major, Marina Krpan, Dean Ban, Mario Franic, Smiljana Goreta Ban
Summary: The impacts of global climate change and population growth on global food security are major concerns. Drought, as an environmental abiotic stress, severely affects plants' morphology, physiology, growth, and yield. This study investigated the changes in various aspects of 30 garlic accessions under short-term drought stress, aiming to identify potential early stress markers. The results showed significant variations in the response to drought among different accessions, with some exhibiting mild and others strong early drought response.
Article
Environmental Sciences
A. Verma, A. Gupta, U. . S. Gaharwar, P. Rajamani
Summary: The effects of untreated wastewater on the pea plant were studied. It was found that the wastewater inhibited seed germination and seedling growth, and had negative effects on the physiological and biochemical parameters of the plant. However, properly treated and diluted wastewater could be used for crop irrigation, as it provided nutrients and had a stimulatory effect on plant growth.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Plant Sciences
Jameel Mohammed Al-Khayri, Ramakrishnan Rashmi, Rutwick Surya Ulhas, Wudali N. Sudheer, Akshatha Banadka, Praveen Nagella, Mohammed Ibrahim Aldaej, Adel Abdel-Sabour Rezk, Wael Fathi Shehata, Mustafa Ibrahim Almaghasla
Summary: In recent years, there has been a negative impact on the global agricultural system due to adverse environmental changes, leading to altered plant growth, physiology, and production. Abiotic stress in plants is a major obstacle to global agricultural production and food security. Nanotechnology has emerged as a novel approach to improve crop production by utilizing nanoscale products. Nanoparticles, such as nanofertilizer, nanofungicides, nanoherbicides, and nanopesticides, are easily soluble and can be effectively taken up by plants, making them suitable for agricultural application. The implementation of nanoparticles has been found to enhance crop production under various stress conditions. However, the extensive use of nanoparticles also raises concerns regarding potential environmental and health impacts.
Review
Plant Sciences
Abdul Wahab, Gholamreza Abdi, Muhammad Hamzah Saleem, Baber Ali, Saqib Ullah, Wadood Shah, Sahar Mumtaz, Ghulam Yasin, Crina Carmen Muresan, Romina Alina Marc
Summary: Water is a crucial component for the existence of life on Earth. However, extreme climate changes have led to water scarcity in many regions, posing significant challenges. This review aims to analyze and understand the physiological and biochemical responses of plants to drought stress and their ability to mitigate its damaging effects. It also explores the role of plant hormones in drought stress responses and signaling. The information for this review was gathered from various sources, including global search engines and scientific literature databases.
Article
Agronomy
Abhishek Singh, Rakesh Singh Sengar, Vishnu D. Rajput, Tatiana Minkina, Rupesh Kumar Singh
Summary: The study found that adding zinc oxide nanoparticles can enhance the salt tolerance of rice plants, helping to restore photosynthetic pigments and K+ levels, and increase antioxidant enzyme activity to alleviate oxidative stress.
Article
Plant Sciences
Manzer H. Siddiqui, Soumya Mukherjee, Bander M. A. Al-Munqedhi, Ritesh Kumar, Hazem M. Kalaji
Summary: This study investigates the role of salicylic acid (SA) and silicon (Si) in mitigating lanthanum (La) toxicity in mustard seedlings. The results demonstrate that the combined application of SA and Si effectively reduces oxidative stress and electrolyte leakage, improves nutrient absorption, and enhances antioxidant enzyme activity and photosynthetic efficiency.
PLANT GROWTH REGULATION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mohammad Reza Malekzadeh Shamsabad, Majid Esmaeilizadeh, Hamid Reza Roosta, Piotr Dabrowski, Arkadiusz Telesinski, Hazem M. Kalaji
Summary: This experiment investigated the effects of different spectra of complementary light on the growth and development of strawberry plants under salt and alkaline stress conditions. Blue and red light had the greatest effect in reducing stress, and blue/red and white/yellow light had the greatest effect on reproductive traits. Stress conditions increased sodium uptake and decreased potassium, calcium, magnesium, and iron uptake.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Muhammad Saqlain Zaheer, Hafiz Haider Ali, Muhammad Arslan Iqbal, Kehinde O. Erinle, Talha Javed, Javaid Iqbal, Makhdoom Ibad Ullah Hashmi, Muhammad Zahid Mumtaz, Ehab A. A. Salama, Hazem M. Kalaji, Jacek Wrobel, Eldessoky S. Dessoky
Summary: Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) associate with cereal crops and exert their function by synthesizing phytohormones such as cytokinin to promote plant growth. In this experiment, wheat seeds were inoculated with rhizobacterial strains that either produced or did not produce cytokinin. The results showed that the cytokinin-producing strain significantly improved wheat growth and yield-related parameters compared to the strain that did not produce cytokinin. The activity of enzymes, proline contents, and endogenous hormonal levels in wheat kernels were also improved with the cytokinin-producing strain. These findings suggest that microbial cytokinin production is necessary for stimulating plant growth and activating antioxidant and physiological systems in wheat.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Deepti Singh, Chandan Kumar Singh, Manzer H. Siddiqui, Saud Alamri, Susheel Kumar Sarkar, Abhishek Rathore, Saroj Kumar Prasad, Dharmendra Singh, Nathi Lal Sharma, Hazem M. Kalaji, Adam Brysiewicz
Summary: This study investigated the effects of hydrogen sulfide (NaHS) and silicon (Si) on chickpea plants under chromium (Cr) stress. The results showed that exogenous application of NaHS and Si mitigated the toxicity of Cr and improved the physiological and biochemical parameters of the plants.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Jiale Shi, Mengyun Jiang, He Wang, Zhi Luo, Yanjing Guo, Ying Chen, Xiaoxi Zhao, Sheng Qiang, Reto Joerg Strasser, Hazem M. Kalaji, Shiguo Chen
Summary: This study investigated the effects of four mycotoxins, fumagillin, mevastatin, radicicol, and wortmannin, on the photosynthesis of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. The results showed that these mycotoxins mainly act on photosystem II (PSII) by binding to the secondary quinone electron acceptor (Q(B)) site of the D1 protein, inhibiting electron flow beyond the primary quinone electron acceptor (Q(A)), and affecting photosynthesis. These findings provide new ideas for the design of novel and efficient herbicide molecules.
Article
Plant Sciences
Khalid Y. Alsharafa
Summary: Cultivated tomato leaves experienced changes in photosynthetic characteristics, such as net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concentration, and transpiration rate, under specific mineral deficits. The results suggest the possibility of diagnosing specific mineral deficiencies and determining their effects on photosynthetic parameters after short-term exposure.
PLANT SCIENCE TODAY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shaistul Islam, Firoz Mohammad, Manzer H. Siddiqui, Hazem M. Kalaji
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of salicylic acid (SA) and trehalose (Tre) on improving the growth, photosynthesis, and yield of mustard plants under sodium chloride (NaCl) stress. The results showed that the co-application of SA + Tre significantly enhanced the tolerance of mustard plants to NaCl stress and improved their growth and yield.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yanjing Guo, Jingjing Li, Jiale Shi, Liru Mi, Jing Zhang, Su Han, Wei Liu, Dan Cheng, Sheng Qiang, Hazem M. Kalaji, Shiguo Chen
Summary: This study revealed the mechanism of root growth inhibition by griseofulvin through comparison with trifluralin. Griseofulvin inhibits root growth by destroying cortical microtubules, inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and affecting the expression of microtubule-associated protein (MAP) genes. These effects lead to cell swelling and death, resulting in root growth inhibition.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Amaneh Ghasemi Masarmi, M. Solouki, B. Fakheri, Hazem M. Kalaji, N. Mahgdingad, S. Golkari, Arkadiusz Telesinski, Sobhi F. Lamlom, Henryk Kociel, Ahmed Fathy Yousef
Summary: The climate has changed dramatically over the past two decades, resulting in increased soil salinity due to rising temperatures and climate change. In this study, we evaluated the effects of salinity on 20 wheat genotypes with different levels of salt tolerance. Our findings showed significant differences in the response of genotypes to salt stress, with sensitive genotypes experiencing decreased chlorophyll index while tolerant genotypes showed increased chlorophyll a and carotenoids. Additionally, various biochemical traits such as protein, proline, lipoxygenase, and reactive thiobarbituric acid levels were found to be increased in all wheat genotypes under salt stress. Plant photosynthetic efficiency was identified as a reliable biomarker for determining salt tolerance in wheat genotypes, while other biochemical traits were not suitable for rapid screening due to their destructive nature and time-consuming process.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Mathew Veena, Jos T. Puthur, Piotr Stepien, Hazem M. Kalaji
Summary: The study compared the elemental and nutritional characteristics of landraces and hybrid rice varieties, showing significant variations in elemental composition, especially for calcium, rubidium, and selenium, between the two types. Pigmented rice varieties were found to be more functional and had higher levels of antioxidants. Statistical analysis grouped the rice varieties into clusters, with 99.87% of the variance within the class and 0.13% between classes. Landraces are an important source of nutraceutical factors and are of high importance for rice improvement and breeding.
Article
Agronomy
Sajad Hussain Shah, Shaistul Islam, Saud Alamri, Zubair Ahmad Parrey, Firoz Mohammad, Hazem M. Kalaji
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of six plant growth regulators on three mustard cultivars. The results showed that foliar application of growth regulators increased all studied parameters, with 24-epibrassinolide proving the most effective. It significantly enhanced plant dry weight, net photosynthetic rate, seed yield, and oil yield in all cultivars.
Article
Plant Sciences
Upma Bhatt, Shubhangani Sharma, Hazem M. Kalaji, Reto J. Strasser, Chrystian Chomontowski, Vineet Soni
Summary: This study aims to understand the mechanism of submergence tolerance in bryophytes. The findings highlight the crucial role of light in repairing the photosynthetic machinery and restoring the photosynthetic potential in plants. Plants subjected to submergence stress during the day recover their photosynthetic performance faster compared to those experiencing submergence stress at night.
FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Rajendra Kumar, Ram Krishan Naresh, Rajan Bhatt, Mandapelli Sharath Chandra, Deepak Kumar, Saud Alamri, Manzer H. Siddiqui, Alanoud T. Alfagham, Hazem M. Kalaji
Summary: The Crop Research Centre of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology conducted field experiments in India to evaluate the impact of different tillage methods on wheat yield, water productivity, and soil health. The study found that wide bed furrow irrigation performed the best in terms of grain yield, water-use efficiency, and soil health indicators.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Piotr Dabrowski, Anna Jadwiga Keutgen, Norbert Keutgen, Edyta Sierka, Aneta Helena Baczewska-Dabrowska, Jacek Mojski, Bogumila Pawluskiewicz, Leszek Sieczko, Hazem M. Kalaji
Summary: The objective of this study was to analyze the photosynthetic efficiency of perennial ryegrass seedlings under stress from cadmium and nickel. The activity of photosystem II and photosystem I decreased, likely due to increased nonradiative dissipation, decreased antenna size, or decreased number of photosynthetic complexes. Electron transport efficiency was also reduced. The modulated reflectance signal suggested a restriction in electron flow. The correlation between photosynthetic efficiency parameters and growth parameters indicated that some parameters could be used to detect heavy metal effects early on.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mohamed Omar Kaseb, Muhammad Jawad Umer, Xuqiang Lu, Nan He, Muhammad Anees, Eman El-remaly, Ahmed Fathy Yousef, Ehab A. A. Salama, Hazem M. Kalaji, Wenge Liu
Summary: This study successfully propagated tetraploid and triploid watermelons by grafting branches onto gourd rootstock. Tetraploid watermelons showed higher survival rates and hormone levels, as well as increased carbohydrate accumulation, indicating the importance of high carbohydrate content in successful grafting.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
