Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ornella Selmin, Andreas J. Papoutsis, Sabine Hazan, Christopher Smith, Nick Greenfield, Micah G. Donovan, Spencer N. Wren, Thomas C. Doetschman, Justin M. Snider, Ashley J. Snider, Sherry H-H Chow, Donato F. Romagnolo
Summary: This study compared the effects of a typical Western diet and a soybean oil-rich n-6HFD on gut inflammation and microbiome using a mouse model. The results showed that n-6HFD induced colonic inflammation and altered gut bacterial composition, promoting the growth of proinflammatory bacteria.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Adam Lepczynski, Malgorzata Ozgo, Katarzyna Michalek, Alicja Dratwa-Chalupnik, Marta Grabowska, Agnieszka Herosimczyk, Kamila P. Liput, Ewa Polawska, Andrzej Kram, Mariusz Pierzchala
Summary: The study found that different high-fat diets had an impact on the structure and protein expression of the murine heart, with SFA-rich diets leading to severe cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, while diets rich in n-3 PUFA resulted in less pronounced changes.
Article
Oncology
Iman Moussa, Rena S. Day, Ruosha Li, Ahmed Kaseb, Prasun K. Jalal, Carrie Daniel-MacDougall, Rikita I. Hatia, Ahmed Abdelhakeem, Asif Rashid, Yun Shin Chun, Donghui Li, Manal M. Hassan
Summary: This study found an inverse association between monounsaturated fatty acid intake and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk, and a direct association between total polyunsaturated fatty acid intake and HCC risk. Omega-6 PUFA intake was directly associated with HCC risk, while long-chain omega-3 PUFA intake was inversely associated with HCC risk. No significant association was observed for saturated fat and HCC risk.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Xin Ren, Linxuan Wang, Zenglong Chen, Min Zhang, Dianzhi Hou, Yong Xue, Xianmin Diao, Ruihai Liu, Qun Shen
Summary: The supplementation of whole-grain foxtail millet (FM) has dose-dependent effects on blood glucose metabolism. The results from rat experiments showed that both 30% and 48% FM supplementation significantly reduced blood glucose and triglyceride concentrations, and improved glucose tolerance and insulin resistance. Furthermore, 48% FM supplementation increased the abundance of Bifidobacterium and concentration of butyrate, suggesting the involvement of gut microbiota in the hypoglycemic effects of FM supplementation.
FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Devika Nair, Mehrdad Zarei, Prakash Halami, Ramaprasad Talahalli
Summary: This study investigated the effects of Lactobacillus fermentum MCC2760 on intestinal bile acid uptake, hepatic bile acid synthesis, and enterohepatic bile acid transporters in hyperlipidemic rats. The results showed that MCC2760 supplementation could alleviate the abnormal changes in bile acid uptake, synthesis, and transport induced by a high-fat diet in rats.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Junhui Shen, Li Zhang, Yuanqi Wang, Zhiqing Chen, Jian Ma, Xiaoyun Fang, Undurti N. Das, Ke Yao
Summary: This study investigates the effects of ALA and LA on the metabolism, gut microbiota, and inflammatory and retinal indices in T1DM animals. The results show that ALA and LA have significant benefits in reversing the changes seen in T1DM, suggesting their importance in diabetes mellitus.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Roberta Dourado Cavalcante da Cunha de Sa, Jussara de Jesus Simao, Viviane Simoes da Silva, Talita Mendes de Farias, Maysa Mariana Cruz, Vitor Jaco Antraco, Lucia Armelin-Correa, Maria Isabel Alonso-Vale
Summary: This study found that different ratios of EPA and DHA have different impacts on adipose tissue metabolism, with fish oil rich in EPA instead of DHA effectively reversing changes induced by obesity.
Review
Psychiatry
Katherine H. O. Deane, Oluseyi F. Jimoh, Priti Biswas, Alex O'Brien, Sarah Hanson, Asmaa S. Abdelhamid, Chris Fox, Lee Hooper
Summary: The study found that increasing long-chain Omega-3 has little or no effect on preventing depression and anxiety symptoms, while increasing alpha-linolenic acid may slightly increase the risk of depression symptoms, but with low-quality evidence.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Shalom Sara Thomas, Youn-Soo Cha, Kyung-Ah Kim
Summary: This study demonstrates that perilla oil improves colitis in a mouse model, reducing inflammatory markers and protecting the colon tissue, suggesting its potential role in managing conditions such as ulcerative colitis.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL FOOD
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Gemma Chiva-Blanch, Oriol Giro, Montserrat Cofan, Alfonso L. Calle-Pascual, Elias Delgado, Ramon Gomis, Amanda Jimenez, Josep Franch-Nadal, Gemma Rojo Martinez, Emilio Ortega
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the association between fatty acids in red blood cell membranes and incident type 2 diabetes in a Spanish population. The results showed that lower percentages of certain fatty acids and higher percentages of others were associated with worse glucose metabolism. Higher percentages of certain fatty acids were also associated with lower risk of diabetes. Dietary patterns rich in vegetables were independently associated with lower risk of glucose regulation deterioration and incident diabetes.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Marina Ivanisevic, Marina Horvaticek, Karlo Delmis, Josip Delmis
Summary: This study found that supplementation with DHA and EPA in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes can increase the concentration and proportions of n-3 PUFAs in maternal and fetal blood, while decreasing the proportion of n-6 PUFAs.
ANNALS OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Young-Sil Lee, Daeyoung Lee, Gun-Seok Park, Seung-Hyun Ko, Juyi Park, You-Kyung Lee, Jihee Kang
Summary: The study suggests that Lactobacillus plantarum HAC01 can alleviate hyperglycemia and type 2 diabetes by regulating glucose metabolism in the liver, protecting insulin-secreting cells, and restoring gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rachel E. Walker, Valentina Parkhomenko, Yun Ying, Natalie Urrutia, Kevin J. Harvatine
Summary: This study compared the effects of saturated fatty acids (SFA) and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on the incorporation of n-3 PUFA in milk and tissues of lactating mice and their offspring. The findings suggest that high dietary n-6 PUFA may suppress n-3 PUFA incorporation in neonates.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Xuefei Li, Zhengjie Lu, Yongjian Qi, Biao Chen, Bin Li
Summary: This study used the Mendelian randomization approach to explore the potential causal relationships between polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and osteoarthritis (OA), and found that higher levels of omega-6 fatty acids may reduce the risk of knee OA and hip OA. These results highlight the importance of maintaining optimal levels of PUFAs, especially omega-6 fatty acids, in individuals with a genetic predisposition to OA.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Hai-Feng Han, Shao-Zhuang Liu, Xiang Zhang, Meng Wei, Xin Huang, Wen-Bin Yu
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of duodenal-jejunal bypass (DJB) surgery on duodenal SIRT1 expression and the potential links between bile acids (BAs) and SIRT1. The results showed that DJB surgery increased intra-duodenal BA levels and activated the duodenal BA signaling pathway, leading to upregulation of duodenal SIRT1 expression and improved glucose homeostasis after DJB.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sapna Badhan, Andrew S. Ball, Nitin Mantri
Summary: The current genome editing system CRISPR/Cas9 has been proven effective in plant applications, with the DNA-free editing showing promise in achieving targeted mutagenesis in chickpea. By selecting drought tolerance-related genes 4CL and RVE7 for editing in chickpea protoplast, this study demonstrated high efficiency in editing the RVE7 gene, providing insights into gene functions under drought stress in chickpea.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Huong Thi Lan Nguyen, Stefan Kasapis, Nitin Mantri
Summary: The study compared the effects of Manuka honey and newly developed honeys on oxidative stress and cholesterol homeostasis, showing that Arjuna, Guggul, and Manuka honeys had significant antioxidant activities and reduced total cholesterol levels, while Jiaogulan honey exhibited the most cytotoxic effects.
Review
Oncology
Kanika Singh, Nazim Nassar, Ava Bachari, Ellen Schanknecht, Srinivasareddy Telukutla, Roby Zomer, Terrence J. Piva, Nitin Mantri
Summary: Prostate cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer in males, and recent evidence suggests that cannabinoids may serve as powerful regulators of cell growth and differentiation. Research over the past two decades has shown that cannabinoids not only have palliative effects, but also hold promising potential as antitumor agents in a variety of cancers, including prostate cancer. This analysis may offer insights into the selection and development of specific cannabinoids for use in antitumor drugs for the treatment of prostate cancer.
Review
Cell Biology
Uday Chand Jha, Harsh Nayyar, Nitin Mantri, Kadambot H. M. Siddique
Summary: Noncoding RNAs play a critical role in plant growth, development, and stress responses, interacting with DNA, RNA, and proteins to modulate target genes, yet the regulatory mechanisms controlling these processes are still not well understood.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Mayank Kaashyap, Marc Cohen, Nitin Mantri
Summary: Kombucha, a fermented tea, has potential health benefits due to its microbial communities beneficial for the human gut. The study identified previously undescribed microbial species in kombucha, with Acetobacter, Komagataeibacter and Starmerella having potential roles in preventing conditions like diabetes and obesity. Additionally, kombucha has high protein and phenolic content, low sugar content, making it a powerful probiotic with commercial value and immense health benefits.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Haleh Mahmoudinoodezh, Srinivasa Reddy Telukutla, Sukhvir Kaur Bhangu, Ava Bachari, Francesca Cavalieri, Nitin Mantri
Summary: Recent studies have shown increased interest in the scientific community regarding the use of Cannabis sativa plant and its extracts for medicinal purposes. Due to their characteristics, cannabinoids are prone to degradation in solution. Thus, various delivery methods, including topical and transdermal, have been developed to enhance their bioavailability and stability. These methods have the potential to eliminate the psychotropic effects of cannabinoids.
Article
Plant Sciences
Mayank Kaashyap, Rebecca Ford, Anita Mann, Rajeev K. Varshney, Kadambot H. M. Siddique, Nitin Mantri
Summary: Salinity is a significant problem for salt-sensitive chickpea, and understanding the molecular mechanisms under salt stress is essential. Transcriptomic analysis of two genotypes revealed differentially expressed genes associated with salt tolerance, including genes involved in flowering time, pollen development, and transcription regulation. These genes can be potential candidates for improving salt tolerance in chickpea.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Alka Rani, Charles Chinyere Dike, Nitin Mantri, Andrew Ball
Summary: This study developed a rapid and reliable method for the detection of viable Escherichia coli O157:H7 using recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) combined with propidium monoazide (PMAxx). The assay was able to differentiate between viable/dead bacteria and detect VBNC cells. It showed good performance in terms of detection limit, applicability, and pH stability.
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
T. Srinivasa Reddy, Roby Zomer, Nitin Mantri
Summary: Medical cannabis has gained significant attention for its potential benefits in managing pain, anxiety, depression, and neurological disorders. The major phytocannabinoids derived from the cannabis plant, THC and CBD, have shown pharmacological and therapeutic properties. In particular, they have been studied for their use in cancer treatment due to their palliative effects and anticancer activities. However, their poor solubility and bioavailability limit their clinical application, thus nanotechnology-based drug delivery strategies are being developed to improve their efficacy.
PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Minna Yu, Peng Sun, Xinyi Huang, Zhuoyue Zha, Xin Wang, Nitin Mantri, Heqiang Lou, Bo Jiang, Zonggen Shen, Yanfang Sun, Hongfei Lu
Summary: The effects of CO2, temperature, and nitrogen supply on photosynthesis, root growth, and nitrogen allocation in strawberries were investigated. Elevated CO2 reduced photosynthetic rates and nitrogen concentration in leaves, accelerated leaf senescence, and increased root growth and nitrogen use efficiency. However, when nitrogen was supplied together with elevated CO2, root nitrogen concentration decreased but total root dry weight increased.
Article
Cell Biology
Ava Bachari, Nazim Nassar, Srinivasareddy Telukutla, Roby Zomer, Chaitali Dekiwadia, Terrence J. Piva, Nitin Mantri
Summary: Melanoma, an aggressive form of skin cancer, is resistant to advanced cancer treatments. Studies have shown that Cannabis sativa extracts exhibit potential anticancer effects against melanoma cells. However, further research is needed to evaluate their safety, efficacy, and clinical applications.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Deepak A. Yaraguppi, Zabin K. Bagewadi, Ninganagouda R. Patil, Nitin Mantri
Summary: This comprehensive review examines iturin, a cyclic lipopeptide originating from Bacillus subtilis and related bacteria. These compounds have potent inhibitory effects against plant disease-causing bacteria and fungi, making them valuable in bio-pesticides and mycosis treatment. Additionally, iturin exhibits diverse features such as anticancer and hemolytic effects, and finds applications across industries such as food, petroleum, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ava Bachari, Nazim Nassar, Ellen Schanknecht, Srinivasareddy Telukutla, Terrence Jerald Piva, Nitin Mantri
Summary: This article provides an overview of the pathophysiology of melanoma, current pharmacotherapy, and the challenges associated with different pharmacological approaches. It also highlights the utility of cannabinoids as an additive remedy for melanoma.
WIRES MECHANISMS OF DISEASE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ellen Schanknecht, Ava Bachari, Nazim Nassar, Terrence Piva, Nitin Mantri
Summary: Melanoma is a deadly and physically impairing disease with ongoing treatment deficiencies. Current treatment regimens face pitfalls, with low five-year survival rates for patients with advanced metastatic invasion. Polyphenolic compounds, including cannabinoids, terpenoids, and flavonoids, show promising potential for anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and palliative utility. Cannabis sativa, with its medicinal compounds, could offer considerable relief for melanoma sufferers and should be further evaluated pharmacologically.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Alka Rani Batra, Charles Chinyere Dike, Nitin Mantri, Andrew S. Ball
Summary: This study compares the application of RPA-LFA with PCR, qPCR, and LAMP in the diagnosis of E. coli O157:H7. The results show no significant difference in specificity among the four methods, but RPA-LFA performs the best in terms of sensitivity. The developed nitrocellulose paper strips combined with RPA can detect contamination in less than 25 minutes.