Article
Microbiology
Timothy J. Savage, Shun Rao, Jill Joerger, Al Ozonoff, Alexander J. McAdam, Thomas J. Sandora
Summary: The study has identified that direct disk diffusion testing is highly predictive of susceptibility for many common organism-antibiotic combinations and provides actionable information one day earlier than standard susceptibility approaches. However, the negative predictive value of dDD is variable and frequently lower than the positive predictive value. Antibiotics were narrowed in 30% of cases after a dDD result and a further 25% of cases after AST result.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Jaime Ojeda, Anne K. Salomon, James K. Rowe, Natalie C. Ban
Summary: The article proposes the concept of reciprocal contributions as an alternative to the commonly used notion of ecosystem services, highlighting the importance of reciprocity between people and nature for sustainability transformation. It suggests that ethical principles and practices from Indigenous and local communities can inform global policy approaches and interventions.
Article
Development Studies
Shannon G. Randolph, Daniel J. Ingram, Lisa M. Curran, James Holland Jones, William H. Durham
Summary: Wild meat plays an important role in the informal urban economies, providing a vital source of income to people in rural and urban areas. However, little is known about the actors involved in wild meat markets, their entry to the informal market economy, or their motivations. Research revealed that women constituted a significant portion of wild meat market vendors, primarily from forest-based southern Cameroonian ethnic groups. Improving access to employment and education for women and girls could help reduce the drive to join the urban wild meat trade.
Article
Microbiology
Michael May, Michelle Chang, Donald Dietz, Sherif Shoucri, Justin Laracy, Magdalena E. Sobieszczyk, Anne-Catrin Uhlemann, Jason Zucker, Christine J. Kubin
Summary: The role of procalcitonin in identifying community-associated bacterial infections among patients with coronavirus disease 2019 is not yet established. Procalcitonin did not reliably identify bacterial coinfections, but may be useful in excluding bacterial infection.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Kaylan M. Kemink, Amy Diedrich, Vanessa M. Adams, Robert. L. Pressey
Summary: Private land conservation is important globally, but financial incentives may have limited impact and crowd-out altruistic participation. We studied non-financial motivations of landowners in a perpetual easement program and found that individuals who took responsibility for habitat protection and recognized threats were more likely to participate. Demographic patterns were not significant, but differences were seen in theoretical constructs.
BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
(2023)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Florence L. P. Damiens, Anna Backstrom, Ascelin Gordon
Summary: Economic development is increasingly affecting biodiversity, leading to the implementation of more biodiversity offset policies globally. However, current offset mechanisms face challenges that require incremental changes to support long-term ecological and social resilience.
Article
Business, Finance
Holger Kraft, Claus Munk, Farina Weiss
Summary: This paper examines finite-horizon consumption-portfolio decisions with recursive utility. The study shows that the parameter commonly used to represent an individual's bequest preference in traditional recursive utility frameworks is both quantitatively and qualitatively misleading. The parameter value does not provide informative insights into the optimal bequest, and sometimes it is even inversely related to the apparent bequest weight. The paper argues for a better representation of the strength of the bequest motive by considering the ratio between optimal bequest and the optimal consumption rate just before the terminal date. Numerical examples are provided to illustrate the flaws of the traditional specification and how the bequest preference influences optimal decisions and life-cycle patterns of consumption and wealth under constant investment opportunities or stochastic interest rates. The paper also reveals that the commonly used utility representation for a unit elasticity of intertemporal substitution assumes a strong bequest preference.
JOURNAL OF BANKING & FINANCE
(2022)
Editorial Material
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Anucha Apisarnthanarak, Hong Bin Kim, Luke Moore, Yonghong Xiao, Sanjeev Singh, Yohei Doi, Andrea Lay-Hoon Kwa, Sasheela Sri La Sri Ponnampalavanar, Qing Cao, Shin-Woo Kim, Hyukmin Lee, Pitak Santanirand
Summary: Rapid diagnostic testing (RDT) is important for accurate identification of infectious organisms and antimicrobial stewardship programs, but its use in Asia Pacific is less common due to cost concerns. More data is needed on RDT use in AMS to assess impact on antimicrobial usage and patient outcomes. Regional consensus statements are needed to guide clinical practice and define a relevant role for RDT in infection management.
INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Razieh Ghayoumi, Anthony Charles, Seyed Mohsen Mousavi
Summary: This article examines the tensions between government institutions and local communities in terms of environmental stewardship activities to improve the effectiveness of community-based conservation (CBC). The case of Iran, specifically Qeshm Island, is analyzed to understand how conservation policies interact with indigenous and local conservation practices. Despite the successful local-level conservation practices, tensions arise due to conflicting government initiatives, posing a challenge to mutual benefits for ecosystem health and sustainable livelihoods. Possibilities for overcoming these problems and reinforcing community conservation, such as community conserved areas, are discussed.
ECOLOGY AND SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Wenting Xu
Summary: This paper proposes the concept of cultural ecological integrity based on the combination of cultural landscape composition characteristics and cultural ecological characteristics. By evaluating the cultural heritage of Longmen Grottoes, it confirms the effectiveness of the evaluation model.
MOBILE INFORMATION SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
H. Carolyn Peach Brown
Summary: While agriculture contributes to global biodiversity loss, it also provides important habitat for many species. The Canadian Species at Risk Act falls short in protecting species and their habitats on private lands. Research on young farmers in Prince Edward Island shows their positive attitudes towards protecting species at risk and a willingness to change land management strategies, while also calling for more education and financial compensation from the provincial government.
BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Caitlin Naureckas Li, Mari M. Nakamura
Summary: Broad-range PCR sequencing is a promising tool for diagnosing infectious conditions when traditional microbiologic strategies fail. However, our study found that its impact on clinical management varies depending on the sample type.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Ty J. Werdel, Colleen W. Piper, Andrew M. Ricketts, Matthew S. Peek, Dan S. Sullins, Adam A. Ahlers
Summary: Grasslands, once covering a vast area in North America, have now been reduced to only 30% due to human activities. Strategic conservation of remaining grassland landcover is crucial for the persistence of grassland species, and the majority of priority conservation areas are located on privately owned working lands.
BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Thomas Mesaglio, Corey T. Callaghan, Fabrice Samonte, Simon B. Z. Gorta, William K. Cornwell
Summary: Biodiversity citizen science data are crucial for conservation and research. We analyzed a large dataset of Australian photographic observations on iNaturalist to evaluate recognition of species across different taxa. Dragonflies/damselflies and butterflies were the most recognized and complete groups, making them ideal for large-scale studies. Recruiting experts and providing accessible resources for difficult-to-identify taxa can increase recognition for other groups.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Arjen Buijs, Maarten Jacobs
Summary: New wildlife management approaches aim to promote coexistence between humans and wildlife, exploring mutual benefits. Positive psychology theory suggests pathways through which human-wildlife interactions can lead to happiness and well-being. Research into these pathways may reveal unidentified benefits and motivations for protecting wildlife.
Article
Ecology
Simon Rabaa, Robert Wilken, Sylvie Geisendorf
Summary: Energy efficiency measures are crucial for combating climate change, but rebound effects may undermine their effectiveness. This study finds that prior energy efficiency behavior does not hinder subsequent climate-friendly behavior, which is determined by individual demographics and environmental attitudes.
ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS
(2024)
Article
Ecology
James R. Meldrum, Patricia A. Champ, Hannah Brenkert-Smith, Christopher M. Barth, Abby E. McConnell, Carolyn Wagner, Colleen Donovan
Summary: This study reassessed a previous study using a richer dataset and found that individuals with lower incomes are less likely to participate in cost-sharing programs, and even if they do participate, they contribute a lower share. This indicates potential economic equity concerns.
ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Daniel Rueb
Summary: This paper examines the distributional effects of the European Commission's Fit-for-55 package at the household level in seven EU countries and finds that a household-size specific lump-sum refund can mitigate the negative distributional effects of a carbon tax and reduce overall inequality.
ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS
(2024)
Correction
Ecology
Anke Jacksohn, Miguel Angel Tovar Reanos, Frank Pothen, Katrin Rehdanz
ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Pierre Chiaverina, Sophie Drogue, Florence Jacquet
Summary: This study investigates the impact of farmers' participation in different short food supply chains (SFSCs) on synthetic pesticide use and crop yields. The findings show that farmers who sell part of their crops through direct-to-consumer channels use significantly fewer synthetic pesticides compared to those who sell through long food supply chains. However, there is no evidence that farmers involved in direct-to-retailer channels use significantly fewer synthetic pesticides. Additionally, there is no indication that SFSC participation affects crop yields.
ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Kangyin Dong, Yang Liu, Jianda Wang, Xiucheng Dong
Summary: This study uses the generalized method of moments (GMM) model to explore the relationship between the digital economy and energy vulnerability in 110 economies. The findings suggest that the digital economy effectively reduces energy vulnerability, with digital infrastructure and social impact being the main contributors. Furthermore, the digital economy helps upgrade the industrial structure and financial development level, thereby reducing energy vulnerability. Additionally, the negative impact of the digital economy on energy vulnerability is more significant in regions with higher income levels.
ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Romain Espinosa, Nicolas Treich
Summary: This study examines a simple model of consumption of animals with altruistic behavior towards animals. The model reveals a public good issue, where the market equilibrium leads to low quality and excessive quantity of animal lives when they are not worth living. The implications of the findings and the significance of the modeling choices for future economic research on animal welfare are discussed.
ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Arianna Buratto, Lorenzo Lotti
Summary: Finding ways to steer consumers towards vegetarian and plant-based meals is important for reducing the environmental impact of diets. In this study, we investigated the use of nudges in restaurants to increase sales of vegetarian and plant-based dishes. We found that removing symbols for these dishes increased sales, while adding a low emissions symbol had no effect. However, when the nudge was made transparent through a statement, sales significantly increased. These findings support the use of nudges as cost-effective interventions to address unsustainable food consumption in the hospitality sector.
ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Emmanuel Paroissien, Timothy K. M. Beatty, Antoine Nebout
Summary: This article provides empirical evidence that the opportunity cost of time explains the frequency of household food waste. The study found that proxies for the opportunity cost of time were positively correlated with the probability of reporting wasting food.
ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Jefim Vogel, Gauthier Guerin, Daniel W. O'Neill, Julia K. Steinberger
Summary: This study explores the vulnerability of livelihoods to a reduction in economic output and introduces a novel analytic framework to describe their relationship. The study finds that the vulnerability is not inevitable but arises from insecurity in wage labor, adequate incomes, and pensions. These conditions are primarily due to profit maximization and neoliberal welfare and labor policies. The study identifies a range of interventions to overcome this vulnerability and make stringent environmental policies socially sustainable and politically palatable.
ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Franziska Dorn, Simone Maxand, Thomas Kneib
Summary: Understanding the interconnected nature of rising carbon emissions and income inequality is crucial to achieve social and ecological sustainability. The distributional copula model used in this study uncovers complex interdependencies that standard linear regression techniques might hide.
ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Darius Corbier, Frederic Gonand
Summary: The article investigates the macroeconomic channels of transmission of the low-carbon transition in two official scenarios for the French power system under different oil price scenarios. The results show that technical progress and substitution mechanisms can drive the decarbonization of the economy and growth, with energy demand and durable goods demand being the main transmission channels.
ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Gloria Amaris, Stepan Vesely, Stephane Hess, Christian A. Klockner
Summary: The study of human behavior is crucial for the development of policies for sustainability. It is important to consider the possibility of spillover effects in mathematical models, as exposure to related choices can influence subsequent behavior. Our study demonstrates the existence of these spillover effects and showcases the effectiveness of discrete choice models.
ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Sonia Almeida Neves, Antonio Cardoso Marques, Leonardo Batista de sa Lopes
Summary: This paper investigates the impact of European Union regulations on e-waste exports. The findings suggest that taxation is ineffective in reducing e-waste exports and may even increase them. Additionally, high dependence on foreign raw materials and sub-standard waste collection systems contribute to the increase in e-waste exports. Therefore, investing in e-waste collection facilities can better utilize the valuable resources in this waste.
ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Gregor Semieniuk
Summary: Efforts to decouple economic growth from resource use and negative environmental impacts have yielded inconclusive results, partially due to the uncertainties in historical measurement arising from definitional changes to GDP. This study examines the impact of GDP vintages on decoupling results and finds that a significant number of countries switch between relative decoupling and recoupling, and that GDP vintages also affect environmental Kuznets curve results and the decline in global energy intensity. The inconsistencies in economic measurement introduce ambiguity into historical decoupling evidence and model projections into the future.
ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS
(2024)