Review
Hematology
Nicholas L. J. Chornenki, Khashayar Poorzargar, Maaz Shanjer, Lawrence Mbuagbaw, Aurelien Delluc, Mark Crowther, Deborah M. Siegal
Summary: RV dysfunction can be detected by CT imaging, but the diagnostic accuracy compared with echocardiography varies depending on specific findings. Septal bowing appears to be highly specific for RV dysfunction, suggesting that multiple CT findings may improve diagnostic accuracy. Further studies are warranted to confirm these findings.
JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Anna C. Mavromanoli, Stefano Barco, Walter Ageno, Helene Bouvaist, Marianne Brodmann, Claudio Cuccia, Francis Couturaud, Claudia Dellas, Konstantinos Dimopoulos, Daniel Duerschmied, Klaus Empen, Pompilio Faggiano, Emile Ferrari, Nazzareno Galie, Marcello Galvani, Alexandre Ghuysen, George Giannakoulas, Menno Huisman, David Jimenez, Matija Kozak, Irene M. Lang, Nicolas Meneveau, Thomas Muenzel, Massimiliano Palazzini, Antoniu Octavian Petris, Giancarlo Piovaccari, Aldo Salvi, Sebastian Schellong, Kai-Helge Schmidt, Franck Verschuren, Irene Schmidtmann, Gerrit Toenges, Frederikus A. Klok, Stavros Konstantinides
Summary: This study analyzed the changes in RV function in patients with intermediate-risk PE who were switched early to oral anticoagulation. The results showed that the majority of patients had normalized RV function within 6 days and maintained normal RV function throughout the first 6 months. However, almost one in four patients continued to have evidence of RV dysfunction over the long term.
CLINICAL RESEARCH IN CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Joshua Newman, Yevgeniy Brailovsky, Sorcha Allen, Emily Bontekoe, Dalila Masic, Jeanine Walenga, Jawed Fareed, Amir Darki
Summary: Ang-2 levels are associated with severity of acute pulmonary embolism, right ventricular dysfunction, and the need for intensive care unit admission.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Federica Ilardi, Mario Crisci, Cecilia Calabrese, Anna Scognamiglio, Fortunato Arenga, Rachele Manzo, Domenica F. Mariniello, Valentino Allocca, Anna Annunziata, Antonello D'Andrea, Raffaele Merenda, Vittorio Monda, Giovanni Esposito, Giuseppe Fiorentino
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate subclinical cardiac dysfunction in recovered COVID-19 patients with a history of pulmonary embolism (PE). The study included 44 patients without known cardiopulmonary disease and divided them into two groups based on PE diagnosis. The results showed a significant reduction in right-ventricle global longitudinal strain (RV-GLS) and RV free wall longitudinal strain (RV-FWLS) in PE+ patients compared to PE- patients. RV-FWLS < 21% was independently associated with COVID-related PE.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Rafael Cires-Drouet, Allison LaRocco, Danielle Soldin, Thomas John, Shahab Toursavadkohi, Khanjan Nagarsheth, Siamak Dahi, Justin Marsella, Minerva Mayorga-Carlin, John D. Sorkin, Kevin Jones, Daniel Haase, Susie N. Hong, Brajesh K. Lal, Bartley Griffith, Gautam Ramani, Bradley Taylor
Summary: Left ventricular systolic dysfunction is prevalent in acute pulmonary embolism (PE) patients, irrespective of cardiac history. Patients without cardiac history are younger, have higher BMI, and lower prevalence of hypertension. Patients without cardiac history have a higher occurrence of massive PE and right ventricular strain on initial CT. Improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction is observed in patients without cardiac history, while no changes are seen in patients with cardiac disease. In-hospital mortality is similar between the two groups.
THROMBOSIS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Giuseppe Di Tano, Meghi Dede, Irene Pellicelli, Enrico Martinelli, Luigi Moschini, Elva Calvaruso, Gian Battista Danzi
Summary: This report discusses five cases of patients on long-term oral anticoagulation therapy presenting with severe COVID-19 pneumonia associated with segmental acute pulmonary embolism. Despite adherence to therapy and adequate anticoagulant levels, the patients experienced thrombotic complications. Elevated levels of d-dimer, fibrinogen, and markers of inflammation were observed in all cases, supporting the hypothesis that severe viral infection may trigger local vascular damage leading to detected thrombi in the lungs.
JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND THROMBOLYSIS
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Aleksandra Bartnik, Joanna Pepke-Zaba, Stephen P. Hoole, Paul White, Madalina Garbi, John G. Coghlan, Fouad Taghavi, Steven Tsui, Jonathan Weir-McCall
Summary: Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a condition that occurs in some patients with prior acute pulmonary embolism, characterized by shortness of breath, persistently elevated pulmonary pressures, and right heart failure. Surgical pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) is effective for patients with proximal disease distribution, while balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) and medical therapy are options for those with inoperable disease. Current evaluation of pulmonary hemodynamics does not accurately reflect patient symptoms, and further research is needed on how to manage symptomatic patients without pulmonary hypertension.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Fei Yang, Rong Chen, Zhixiang Yang, Yue Yang, Shujun Cui, Yongqing Ma, Dawei Wang
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between pulmonary artery elasticity (PAE) measured by CTPA and right ventricular dysfunction (RVD) in patients with acute pulmonary embolism (APE). It found that aortic distensibility (AD) was significantly reduced in the RVD group, indicating a correlation between AD and RVD.
JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND THROMBOLYSIS
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Markus H. Lerchbaumer, Galit Aviram, Matthias Ebner, Christian O. Ritter, Laura Steimke, Zach Rozenbaum, Sharon Z. Adam, Yoav Granot, Gerd Hasenfuss, Joachim Lotz, Bernd Hamm, Stavros Konstantinides, Mareike Lankeit
Summary: A combination of an axial RV/LV diameter ratio >= 1.5 with substantial reflux of contrast medium was found to have the best prognostic performance in predicting adverse outcomes in patients with pulmonary embolism. This new definition allows for an optimized prediction of pulmonary embolism-related adverse outcomes based on computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA).
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ignacio M. Seropian, Juan G. Chiabrando, Juan I. Damonte, Ana L. Halsband, Maria F. Duckwen, Rodolfo Pizarro, Daniel H. Berrocal, Ignacio M. Bluro
Summary: In patients with intermediate or high risk pulmonary embolism (PE), those with high troponin discordance had worse outcomes compared to patients with high BNP discordance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Emergency Medicine
Tobias Kummer, Arun Nagdev
Summary: Assessing right ventricular function is crucial in patients with submassive pulmonary embolism to determine the appropriate treatment pathway. The use of intravenous saline contrast may help detect impending right ventricular collapse and prompt more aggressive intervention.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
F. T. Bekedam, M. J. Goumans, H. J. Bogaard, F. S. de Man, A. Llucia-Valldeperas
Summary: Right ventricular fibrosis is a stress response caused by activation of cardiac fibroblasts, leading to increased synthesis and remodeling of the extracellular matrix. While it provides structural protection in response to damage, it also contributes to increased myocardial stiffness and dysfunction. This review summarizes current knowledge and studies on the development of right ventricular fibrosis in response to pressure overload and its potential for improving cardiac function. (c) 2023 Published by Elsevier Inc.
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jasleen Minhas, Pietro Nardelli, Syed Moin Hassan, Nadine Al-Naamani, Eileen Harder, Samuel Ash, Gonzalo Vegas Sanchez-Ferrero, Stefanie Mason, Andetta R. Hunsaker, Gregory Piazza, Samuel Z. Goldhaber, Aaron B. Waxman, Steven M. Kawut, Raul San Jose Estepar, George R. Washko, Farbod N. Rahaghi
Summary: In patients with acute pulmonary embolism, a reduction in small venous volume measured on computed tomography angiography is associated with increased risk of abnormal right ventricle on echocardiography, higher levels of cardiac biomarkers, and higher 30- and 90-day mortality rates. These findings suggest that small venous volume could serve as a useful marker for assessing disease severity in acute pulmonary embolism.
CIRCULATION-CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Zaid Ammari, Ali A. Hasnie, Mohammed Ruzieh, Osama Dasa, Mohammad Al-Sarie, Pinang Shastri, Nikita Ashcherkin, Pamela S. Brewster, Christopher J. Cooper, Rajesh Gupta
Summary: This study investigated the performance of CT and ECHO in risk stratification of patients with acute PE, showing a strong correlation between the RV:LV diameter ratios derived from CT and ECHO, with similar sensitivity and specificity for predicting adverse events within 30 days of admission.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF THE MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jie Ren, Konstantinos Tsilafakis, Liang Chen, Konstantinos Lekkos, Ioanna Kostavasili, Aimilia Varela, Dennis Cokkinos, Constantinos H. Davos, Xiaogang Sun, Jiangping Song, Manolis Mavroidis
Summary: The study found activation of the complement system in the myocardium of ARVC patients, with autoantibodies against myocardial proteins possibly contributing to this mechanism. Crosstalk between the complement and coagulation systems exacerbated myocardial injury in ARVC mice, which was reduced by using the thrombin inhibitor lepirudin. Patients showed significantly elevated plasma levels of sC5b9 and thrombin, which were correlated with all-cause mortality.
Article
Hematology
E. O. Artemenko, S. I. Obydennyi, K. S. Troyanova, G. A. Novichkova, D. Y. Nechipurenko, M. A. Panteleev
Summary: In this study, we investigated the adhesive properties of circulating plasma-derived and platelet-derived microvesicles (MVs) and their potential role in thrombus growth. The results showed that both types of MVs weakly bound fibrinogen but did not stably adhere to immobilized fibrinogen. Moreover, the presence of these MVs did not significantly affect thrombus formation. Therefore, MVs present in the plasma of healthy individuals are unlikely to directly contribute to thrombus formation under arterial flow conditions.
THROMBOSIS RESEARCH
(2024)
Letter
Hematology
Giuseppe Lippi, Camilla Mattiuzzi, Emmanuel J. Favaloro
THROMBOSIS RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Hematology
Marium Malik, Maha Al-Ghafry, Abraham Haimed, Julia Su, Maribel Lema, Linda Shore-Lessersson, Suchitra S. Acharya
Summary: This study analyzed and evaluated leukemia-associated coagulopathy in newly diagnosed pediatric leukemia patients using CCTs and ROTEM. The results showed that fibrinogen and platelets played a significant role in causing coagulopathies in this population. This suggests the utility of using CCTs and ROTEM in the pediatric population to evaluate hemostatic function and guide blood product replacement.
THROMBOSIS RESEARCH
(2024)
Review
Hematology
Mohammad M. Elahi, Alexandra N. Witt, Edward L. G. Pryzdial, Paul B. McBeth
Summary: Thrombotic disease may be underdiagnosed in microgravity conditions, and the underlying factors are still poorly understood. A case of internal jugular vein thrombosis was recently diagnosed in a low-risk female astronaut, and six out of ten additional crew members showed risk factors for jugular venous flow. Observations in space and studies on Earth suggest that microgravity affects blood flow, coagulation, and vascular function.
THROMBOSIS RESEARCH
(2024)
Review
Hematology
Stian Ingemann-Molden, Christina Krogner Caspersen, Nanna Rolving, Anette Arbjerg Hojen, Frederikus A. Klok, Erik L. Grove, Barbara Cristina Brocki, Jane Andreasen
Summary: This study found that no single PROM covered all aspects considered important by PE patients. PROMs recommended in the ICHOM core set covered most aspects, but worrisome thoughts, hypervigilance around symptoms, and uncertainty of illness were not covered.
THROMBOSIS RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Hematology
Haomin Yan, Tsutomu Sasaki, Yasufumi Gon, Kumiko Nishiyama, Hideaki Kanki, Hideki Mochizuki
Summary: The incidence of cancer-associated stroke has increased with the prolonged survival times of cancer patients. In this study, the researchers focused on the driver gene KRAS and found that KRAS mutations exacerbated neurological deficits after stroke and promoted tumor growth. They also identified the upregulation of pro-inflammatory responses and the promotion of STAT3 phosphorylation in mice with KRAS mutations. Additionally, the researchers found that colorectal cancer patients with stroke onset within 3 months after cancer diagnosis had a worse prognosis.
THROMBOSIS RESEARCH
(2024)
Letter
Hematology
Tomoki Togashi, Satomi Nagaya, Makiko Meguro-Horike, Haruto Matsumoto, Yuta Imai, Koichi Yamaguchi, Yoshinari Fujii, Haruka Moriya, Yuika Kikuchi, Ibuki Yasuda, Shin-ichi Horike, Eriko Morishita
THROMBOSIS RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Hematology
Marta Najarro, Winnifer Briceno, Carmen Rodriguez, Alfonso Muriel, Sara Gonzalez, Ana Castillo, Ignacio Jara, Parth Rali, Catalin Toma, Behnood Bikdeli, David Jimenez
Summary: The CPES score is a useful tool in identifying the risk of hemodynamic deterioration in normotensive patients with acute PE, with acceptable C-statistic, excellent specificity, and low positive predictive value.
THROMBOSIS RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Hematology
Lei Liu, Huifang Xu, Jian Wang, Haiyan Wang, Saisai Ren, Qian Huang, Mingyan Zhang, Hui Zhou, Chunyan Yang, Lu Jia, Yu Huang, Hao Zhang, Yanling Tao, Ying Li, Yanan Min
Summary: This study investigated the gut microbiota metabolites and cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors in patients with ITP and found their association with treatment responsiveness. The findings suggest that imbalanced secretion of cyto(chemo)kins/growth factors and inadequate levels of TMAO are characteristic of patients with ITP.
THROMBOSIS RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Hematology
Roxanne Mcknight, Mohammad Salameh, Lee Ann Jones, Greta Anton, Lindsay Carter
Summary: This study evaluated the safety of fixed-dose heparin titration boluses in underweight patients with VTE. The results showed that although underweight patients required more frequent holding of heparin, there was no significant increase in bleeding risk.
THROMBOSIS RESEARCH
(2024)