Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 371, Issue 6524, Pages 44-+Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.abd1673
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Funding
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [RTG 2473-1, WA 1126/11-1]
- Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung grant [01DQ20006]
- Indian Council of Medical Research grant [AMR/INDO/GER/219/2019ECD-II]
- Department of Biotechnology, Government of India [BT/PR27969/BRB/10/1662/2018]
- NIH [GM067153]
- Sigrid Juselius Foundation
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The study reveals that the rho protein interacts with NusA, NusG, and RNA polymerase to trap and unwind DNA during transcription termination, leading to the inactivation of RNA polymerase. These findings suggest that rho, and possibly other termination factors, may use similar strategies to trap transcription complexes allosterically in a moribund state.
Factor-dependent transcription termination mechanisms are poorly understood. We determined a series of cryo-electron microscopy structures portraying the hexameric adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) rho on a pathway to terminating NusA/NusG-modified elongation complexes. An open rho ring contacts NusA, NusG, and multiple regions of RNA polymerase, trapping and locally unwinding proximal upstream DNA. NusA wedges into the rho ring, initially sequestering RNA. Upon deflection of distal upstream DNA over the RNA polymerase zinc-binding domain, NusA rotates underneath one capping rho subunit, which subsequently captures RNA. After detachment of NusG and clamp opening, RNA polymerase loses its grip on the RNA:DNA hybrid and is inactivated. Our structural and functional analyses suggest that rho, and other termination factors across life, may use analogous strategies to allosterically trap transcription complexes in a moribund state.
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