Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jack Cheng, Lee-Fen Hsu, Ying-Hsu Juan, Hsin-Ping Liu, Wei-Yong Lin
Summary: This study provided pathway-targeting gene matrixes for fruit fly based on Reactome and KEGG databases, validated using expression profiling containing neurons or glia of fruit flies. The study identified characteristic neuronal and glial pathways, including mRNA splicing and endocytosis. The feasibility of Reactome and KEGG gene matrix files was generated and validated, benefiting future profiling studies using Drosophila.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zeyang Li, Peilin Liu, Guanghong Yang, Caihong Jia, Weifeng Zhang
Summary: By adjusting the series resistance, three types of BCM-like learning rules were found in a two-terminal BaTiO3 memristor. These rules are related to the non-monotonic conductance modulation caused by the migration of ionized oxygen vacancies and are proven by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Moreover, spike rate-dependent plasticity (SRDP) and history-dependent plasticity are achieved. This study offers promising prospects for neuromorphic computing.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Yanis Inglebert, Dominique Debanne
Summary: The importance of considering physiological levels of extracellular calcium concentration in studying functional plasticity is discussed in this study.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Hui Chen, Baoming Wang, Gerard Li, Joel R. Steele, Sandy Stayte, Bryce Vissel, Yik Lung Chan, Chenju Yi, Sonia Saad, Rita Machaalani, Brian G. Oliver
Summary: Research shows that exposure to e-cigarettes impairs short-term memory independently of diet and nicotine, and is associated with systemic inflammation, decreased synaptic protein levels, and increased astrogliosis in chow-fed mice, but decreased astrogliosis and increased microglia in HFD-fed mice.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chiara A. De Benedictis, Claudia Haffke, Simone Hagmeyer, Ann Katrin Sauer, Andreas M. Grabrucker
Summary: Research has shown that zinc ions play an essential role in brain function, with zinc transporters implicated in neurodegenerative disorders. This study identified ZIP4 expression in both rat neurons and astrocytes but predominantly in neurons, indicating a potential novel role in excitatory synapses.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jungjoo Park, Yeeun Choi, Eunji Jung, Seung-Hee Lee, Jong-Woo Sohn, Won-Suk Chung
Summary: Phosphatidylserine plays a role in promoting glia-mediated synapse elimination in the central nervous system, leading to the specific loss of inhibitory post-synapses and seizures in mature neurons; Microglial phagocytosis is responsible for inhibitory post-synapse elimination, with phosphatidylserine serving as a general eat-me signal.
Article
Neurosciences
Anne-Kathrin Gellner, Janine Reis, Bernd L. Fiebich, Brita Fritsch
Summary: Microglia play a crucial role in motor cortical neuroplasticity and their communication with neurons through the fractalkine pathway is essential. Our study reveals that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) requires the presence of microglia and CX3CR1 signaling for inducing neuroplasticity in the motor cortex. We also provide the first evidence of microglia interacting with neurons during tDCS, and demonstrate that CX3CR1 signaling is necessary for motor learning and structural neuroplasticity.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biology
Beatrice Vignoli, Gabriele Sansevero, Manju Sasi, Roberto Rimondini, Robert Blum, Valerio Bonaldo, Emiliano Biasini, Spartaco Santi, Nicoletta Berardi, Bai Lu, Marco Canossa
Summary: Memory consolidation requires astrocytic microdomains for protein recycling, with the conversion of initially internalized proBDNF into active BDNFpro and mature BDNF enhancing synaptic re-use. This process reinforces long-term synaptic potentiation and memory retention through post-synaptic changes initiated by astrocytic BDNFpro release.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Shreya H. Dhume, Steven A. Connor, Fergil Mills, Parisa Karimi Tari, Sarah H. M. Au-Yeung, Benjamin Karimi, Shinichiro Oku, Reiko T. Roppongi, Hiroshi Kawabe, Shernaz X. Bamji, Yu Tian Wang, Nils Brose, Michael F. Jackson, Ann Marie Craig, Tabrez J. Siddiqui, Katalin Toth
Summary: LRRTM1 and LRRTM2 regulate the density and morphological integrity of excitatory synapses in hippocampal circuits, and play a role in long-term potentiation and enduring fear memory, contributing to fine-tuning of hippocampal circuit connectivity and plasticity.
Article
Neurosciences
Bruno G. Frenguelli
Summary: This article discusses the Neuropharmacology Special Issue on 'Glutamate Receptors -The Glutamatergic Synapse', focusing on the importance of glutamate as a neurotransmitter and the central role of the glutamatergic synapse in neuronal signaling.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Hyunseok Shim, Faheem Ershad, Shubham Patel, Yongcao Zhang, Binghao Wang, Zhihua Chen, Tobin J. Marks, Antonio Facchetti, Cunjiang Yu
Summary: The research team reported an elastic and reconfigurable synaptic transistor that exhibits inhibitory and excitatory characteristics even under mechanical strain. The device uses a stretchable bilayer semiconductor and an encapsulating elastomer, showing memory characteristics and low energy consumption. When applied to an artificial neural network, it achieves recognition accuracy of over 90% even when stretched by 50%.
NATURE ELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Mandy S. J. Kater, Aina Badia-Soteras, Jan R. T. van Weering, August B. Smit, Mark H. G. Verheijen
Summary: We used electron microscopy to investigate the interaction between astrocytes (AST) and synapses. We found that fear memory-induced synaptic activation reduces the interaction between AST and the presynapse, accompanied by retraction of the AST tip from the synaptic cleft. Interestingly, this retraction is absent in the APP/PS1 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease, supporting the concept that alterations in AST-synapse coverage contribute to memory processing.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Gang Dou, Ming-Long Dou, Ren-Yuan Liu, Mei Guo
Summary: This study constructed an artificial synapse based on SBT memristor, achieving short-term and long-term plasticity and realizing learning behaviors in accordance with human cognitive rules. The process of synaptic habituation and sensitization was analyzed, providing insightful guidance for artificial synapse realization and artificial neural network development.
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Fang Renrui, Ren Kuan, Guo Zeyu, Xu Han, Zhang Woyu, Wang Fei, Zhang Peiwen, Li Yue, Shang Dashan
Summary: This study introduces an all-solid-state electrochemical EGT with a low channel conductance (around 120 nS) using amorphous Nb2O5 and Li-doped SiO2 (LixSiO(2)) as the channel and gate electrolyte materials. Reversible and nonvolatile modulation of channel conductance is achieved through adjustable applied gate voltage pulse parameters, attributed to the reversible intercalation/deintercalation of Li+ ions into/from the Nb2O5 lattice. The conductive channel modulation of the EGTs successfully simulates essential functionalities of synapses and a simple associative learning circuit is designed based on these characteristics. This demonstrates the potential of EGT for artificial synaptic devices and provides insight into the hardware implementation of neuromorphic computing systems.
JOURNAL OF INORGANIC MATERIALS
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Sophie H. Lee, Aline Mak, Mark H. G. Verheijen
Summary: Designer Receptors Exclusively Activated by Designer Drugs (DREADDs) have become a popular method in neuroscience for studying the functional aspects of astrocyte activity, particularly G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR)-mediated intracellular calcium dynamics and cyclic adenosine monophosphate dynamics. This method allows for a direct link between astrocytic function and cognitive processes such as memory.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Marisa S. Goo, Laura Sancho, Natalia Slepak, Daniela Boassa, Thomas J. Deerinck, Mark H. Ellisman, Brenda L. Bloodgood, Gentry N. Patrick
JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY
(2017)
Article
Cell Biology
Laura Sancho, Brenda L. Bloodgood
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Laura Sancho, Nicola J. Allen