Article
Neurosciences
Qiming Yuan, Hehui Li, Boqi Du, Qinpu Dang, Qianwen Chang, Zhaoqi Zhang, Man Zhang, Guosheng Ding, Chunming Lu, Taomei Guo
Summary: Using techniques such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), researchers have found that in bilingual language production, the bilateral cerebellar lobules have different functions. The results indicate that the right cerebellum is more involved in language control, while the left cerebellum plays a computational role in cognitive control and connects with more areas of the brain.
Article
Neurosciences
Eva Berlot, Nicola J. Popp, Scott T. Grafton, Jorn Diedrichsen
Summary: In the context of motor sequence learning, fMRI studies revealed differences in neuronal representations between premotor and parietal regions compared to the primary motor cortex (M1). While M1 showed specific representation of the first finger of each sequence, parietal areas represented the identity of the entire sequence and remained relatively stable during different executions. This suggests that the RS effect in M1 reflects a preparatory signal for movement initiation rather than a trained sequence representation.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Luana Billeri, Antonino Naro
Summary: Non-invasive cerebellar stimulation (NICS) shows potential clinical effects in treating both cerebellar and non-cerebellar neurological diseases, but there are challenges and unresolved issues that need to be addressed before it can be considered a valuable therapeutic tool.
NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Beatriz Catoira, Frank Van Overwalle, Peter Van Schuerbeek, Hubert Raeymaekers, Elien Heleven, Kris Baetens, Natacha Deroost, Chris Baeken
Summary: Research on the role of the cerebellum in social behavior and its connection to social mentalizing is in its early stages. Social mentalizing involves the ability to attribute mental states to others, and is thought to rely on social action sequences stored in the cerebellum. To investigate this further, we used cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on 23 healthy participants in an MRI scanner, and measured their brain activity while performing a task that required generating sequences involving false and true beliefs, social routines, and non-social events. The results showed that stimulation reduced task performance and decreased brain activation in mentalizing areas, particularly for true belief sequences. These findings support the role of the cerebellum in the mentalizing network and belief mentalizing, advancing our understanding of its involvement in social sequences.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Davide Aloi, Roya Jalali, Penelope Tilsley, R. Chris Miall, Davinia Fernandez-Espejo
Summary: Research using tDCS intervention in long-term PDOC patients successfully altered dynamic coupling between brain regions. The results indicate that M1-tDCS and cb-tDCS can improve patients' motor deficits, enhancing rehabilitation options and quality of life.
Article
Neurosciences
M. J. Wessel, L. R. Draaisma, M. Durand-Ruel, P. Maceira-Elvira, M. Moyne, J. -l. Turlan, A. Muhl, L. Chauvigne, P. J. Koch, T. Morishita, A. G. Guggisberg, F. C. Hummel
Summary: Impairment of hand motor function is common after a stroke and affects the ability to regain independent living. Combining behavioral training and non-invasive brain stimulation of the motor cortex can improve motor deficits. This study tested a novel approach by targeting the cortico-cerebellar system during learning. The application of this targeted stimulation strategy enhanced motor behavior during the early training phase in stroke survivors.
Article
Neurosciences
Yuki H. Hamano, Sho K. Sugawara, Masaki Fukunaga, Norihiro Sadato
Summary: Preparatory activity in the primary motor cortex (M1) increases during the learning of sequential finger-tapping at both maximum speed and constant speed, indicating that M1 integrates motor engrams distributed through networks despite differences in training modes.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Christine Schubert, Alhuda Dabbagh, Joseph Classen, Ulrike M. Kraemer, Elinor Tzvi
Summary: Alpha oscillations play an important role in controlling information transfer in the premotor-cerebellar loop during motor sequence learning, with a particular focus on communication between premotor cortex and cerebellum. The findings suggest that enhancing premotor cortical alpha oscillation through modulation of cerebellar oscillations may impair sequence learning.
Article
Neurosciences
Ted Maldonado, Jessica A. Bernard
Summary: The study confirmed the contributions of the cerebellum to cognitive processing, especially in verbal working memory and sequence learning. The effects of stimulation may be load-specific, with anodal stimulation impacting performance during effortful processing, while cathodal stimulation hindering task performance.
Review
Neurosciences
Vicente Quiles, Laura Ferrero, Eduardo Ianez, Mario Ortiz, Jose M. Azorin
Summary: This article provides a comprehensive analysis of literature works on the applications of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). The work aims to analyze the specific characteristics of lower-limb stimulation, identify the strengths and weaknesses of these works, and relate them to the current knowledge of tDCS. The ultimate goal is to propose areas of improvement for more effective stimulation therapies with less variability.
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Haifa Akremi, Raphael Hamel, Anne Dumas, Chantal Camden, Helene Corriveau, Jean-Francois Lepage
Summary: The study found that cerebellar anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (atDCS) did not significantly improve execution speed but reduced the number of execution errors during motor sequence learning in children with DCD. However, it had limited effects on offline learning and upper limb coordination.
JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Maite Aznarez-Sanado, Luis Eudave, Martin Martinez, Elkin O. Luis, Federico Villagra, Francis R. Loayza, Maria A. Fernandez-Seara, Maria A. Pastor
Summary: This study focused on motor sequence learning in late middle adulthood and found improvements in motor performance during the learning process. Different stages of learning led to changes in brain activity patterns and age-related alterations in functional connectivity.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Laura Blanco-Hinojo, Laia Casamitjana, Jesus Pujol, Gerard Martinez-Vilavella, Susanna Esteba-Castillo, Olga Gimenez-Palop, Valentin Freijo, Joan Deus, Assumpta Caixas
Summary: The motor system in PWS patients mainly involves neural elements typically associated with motor processing during motor challenge tasks; although there were no significant differences between groups in the simplest task, patients showed weaker activation in the cerebellum during more complex tasks; furthermore, significant interaction between group and correlation pattern with measures of motor function was observed.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Magdalena Gippert, Saskia Leupold, Tobias Heed, Ian Spencer Howard, Arno Villringer, Vadim V. Nikulin, Bernhard Sehm
Summary: Many daily movements involve multiple limbs and require the motor system to control different body parts in quick succession. Previous research on motor adaptation has focused on single limb movements or simultaneous movements of multiple limbs, but it is unclear whether multilimb sequences can support motor adaptation in a similar way. In this study, we found that only active participation in a bimanual sequential task supports pronounced adaptation, suggesting that active segments in bimanual motion sequences are linked across limbs. Additionally, prior perceptual feedback of the opposite arm contributes to force field-specific motor adaptation.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Antonello Baldassarre, Maria Serena Filardi, Sara Spadone, Stefania Della Penna, Giorgia Committeri
Summary: The study found that rates of early and late post-training motor skill learning were positively correlated with the strength of functional connections among regions within the brain. Early learning was associated with connections within cerebellar regions, while late learning was related to connections between cortical and subcortical motor areas. This suggests that spontaneous brain activity carries behaviorally relevant information for experience-dependent cognitive operations over time.
Article
Neurosciences
Anna Plachti, William F. C. Baare, Louise Baruel Johansen, Wesley K. Thompson, Hartwig R. Siebner, Kathrine Skak Madsen
Summary: Adolescence is a critical period for brain development and is associated with a higher risk of mood disorders, especially in females. Previous research has shown that individuals with high neuroticism exhibit left-right asymmetry in the fronto-limbic white matter. In this study, using longitudinal data, we found that this association remains stable in females throughout adolescence and becomes more prominent in males.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Janine Kesselheim, Mitsuaki Takemi, Lasse Christiansen, Anke Ninija Karabanov, Hartwig Roman Siebner
Summary: This study investigated whether short-latency corticospinal facilitation engages additional mechanisms independently of I-wave periodicity. The results showed that multipulse TMSHAND at individual peak latency and trough latency facilitated MEP amplitudes and reduced resting motor threshold (RMT). This facilitation may be related to I-wave periodicity and slower-conducting indirect pyramidal tract projections, respectively.
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Allan Lohse, Annemette Lokkegaard, Hartwig R. Siebner, David Meder
Summary: Impulsivity refers to acting prematurely or without forethought, and it is a major issue in many neuropsychiatric disorders. The pre-supplementary motor area (pre-SMA) may play a role in inhibitory control and impulsivity. In this study, low-frequency rTMS of the pre-SMA was found to modulate task-related engagement and influence risky choice behavior during sequential gambling, providing evidence for a causal link between pre-SMA activity and impulsive risk-taking behavior.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jacob Talbot, Henrik Lundell, Lisbet Marstrand, Camilla Gobel Madsen, Malene Bredahl Hansen, Hartwig Roman Siebner, Finn Sellebjerg, Helene Hojsgaard Chow, Helle Bach Sondergaard, Per Solberg Sorensen
Summary: In the open-label extension phase of the trial, treatment with dimethyl fumarate did not show any significant effects on clinical or MRI outcomes, as well as serum concentrations of NFL. A relatively equal number of patients showed evidence of progression and improvement, raising questions for future studies.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Andreas Vinther Thomsen, Oula Puonti, David Gaist, Kirsten Ohm Kyvik, Kristoffer Madsen, Axel Thielscher, Hartwig Roman Siebner, Messoud Ashina, Anders Hougaard
Summary: In this study, we compared the distances between visual cortical areas and overlying dura mater in female patients with migraine aura without headache and female patients with migraine aura with headache. The results showed no significant differences in distances or volumes between the two groups. Therefore, we conclude that there may not be a direct connection between migraine aura and headache.
Article
Neurosciences
Anna Plachti, Robert D. Latzman, Somayeh Maleki Balajoo, Felix Hoffstaedter, Kathrine Skak Madsen, William Baare, Hartwig R. Siebner, Simon B. Eickhoff, Sarah Genon
Summary: By using Connectivity-Based Parcellation (CBP) method, this study examined the differentiation of hippocampal subregions during childhood and adolescence. The results showed that in late childhood, the hippocampus mainly differentiated along the anterior-posterior axis, while in adolescence, a differentiation along the medial-lateral axis was evident. Further analysis revealed that the hippocampal head is related to higher order functions in late childhood, while posterior subicular networks are associated with action-oriented and reward systems in early adolescence.
PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Mia Kolmos, Mads Just Madsen, Marie Louise Liu, Anke Karabanov, Katrine Lyders Johansen, Axel Thielscher, Karen Gandrup, Henrik Lundell, Soren Fuglsang, Esben Thade, Hanne Christensen, Helle Klingenberg Iversen, Hartwig Roman Siebner, Christina Kruuse
Summary: This study aims to test the feasibility and efficacy of personalized, multi-electrode anodal TDCS of the ipsilesional primary motor hand area (M1-HAND) in patients with subacute stroke and upper-extremity paresis, and assess the effects of TDCS on motor network connectivity and interhemispheric inhibition using functional MRI and transcranial magnetic stimulation. The results of this study may inform future personalized TDCS studies in patients with focal neurological deficits after stroke.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Dinne Skjaerlund Christensen, Ellen Garde, Hartwig Roman Siebner, Erik Lykke Mortensen
Summary: This study found that there is an association between cognitive decline and perceived stress in midlife, with higher levels of stress leading to greater decline in cognitive ability.
Article
Neurosciences
Anke Ninija Karabanov, Gaetana Chillemi, Kristoffer Hougaard Madsen, Hartwig Roman Siebner
Summary: The study investigated bimanual control during dynamic changes in motor output generated by both hands. The results showed that the bilateral dorsal premotor cortex plays a role in increasing complexity of bimanual coordination by increasing coupling to the supplementary motor area (SMA), while SMA provides feedback about motor actions to the sensory system. The study used functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to map the functional activity and connectivity of premotor and motor areas during bimanual pinch force control in different task contexts.
Article
Psychiatry
Kit Melissa Larsen, Kathrine Skak Madsen, Anna Hester Ver Loren van Themaat, Anne Amalie Elgaard Thorup, Kerstin Jessica Plessen, Ole Mors, Merete Nordentoft, Hartwig Roman Siebner
Summary: Individuals with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder have impaired sensory information processing, and this study aimed to investigate whether children at familial high risk (FHR) for these disorders show similar alterations. The results demonstrated significant differences in effective connectivity between brain areas in children at FHR for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, suggesting that these alterations may be present at a young age.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Therese Adrian, Mads Hornum, Filip Krag Knop, Thomas Almdal, Peter Rossing, Lisa Lida, Niels Sondergaard Heinrich, Vincent Oltman Boer, Anouk Marsman, Esben Thade Petersen, Hartwig Roman Siebner, Bo Feldt-Rasmussen
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of NAFLD in patients with type 2 diabetes and compared the difference between patients with and without CKD. The results showed that the incidence of NAFLD was similar among patients with type 2 diabetes, and there was no significant association with CKD (stages 3-5).
Article
Neurosciences
Laura Bindel, Christoph Muehlberg, Victoria Pfeiffer, Matthias Nitschke, Annekatrin Mueller, Mirko Wegscheider, Jost-Julian Rumpf, Kirsten E. Zeuner, Jos S. Becktepe, Julius Welzel, Miriam Guethe, Joseph Classen, Elinor Tzvi
Summary: This study found specific impairments in visuomotor adaptation task in patients with essential tremor (ET), providing further evidence of cerebellar dysfunction in ET patients.
Article
Neurosciences
Jose Sanchez-Bornot, Roberto C. Sotero, J. A. Scott Kelso, Ozguer Simsek, Damien Coyle
Summary: This study proposes a multi-penalized state-space model for analyzing unobserved dynamics, using a data-driven regularization method. Novel algorithms are developed to solve the model, and a cross-validation method is introduced to evaluate regularization parameters. The effectiveness of this method is validated through simulations and real data analysis, enabling a more accurate exploration of cognitive brain functions.