Journal
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
Volume 65, Issue 3, Pages -Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000603
Keywords
breastmilk; infant formula; ketone; metabolism; microbiota; milk fat globule membrane
Categories
Funding
- Arla Foods Ingredients
- Arla Foods amba
- USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Hatch project [1021411]
- Kinsella Endowed Chair in Food, Nutrition, and Health
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Supplementing MFGM in infant formula can help reduce metabolic gaps between formula-fed and breastfed infants by regulating metabolism and gut microbiota. It was observed that MFGM supplementation promotes fatty acid oxidation and ketogenesis, which may benefit brain development.
Scope Milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) is an important component of milk that has previously been removed in the manufacture of infant formulas, but has recently gained attention owing to its potential to improve immunological, cognitive, and metabolic health. The goal of this study is to determine whether supplementing MFGM in infant formula would drive desirable changes in metabolism and gut microbiota to elicit benefits observed in prior studies. Methods and Results The serum metabolome and fecal microbiota are analyzed using H-1 NMR spectroscopy and 16S rRNA gene sequencing respectively in a cohort of Chinese infants given a standard formula or a formula supplemented with an MFGM-enriched whey protein fraction. Supplementing MFGM suppressed protein degradation pathways and the levels of insulinogenic amino acids that are typically enhanced in formula-fed infants while facilitating fatty acid oxidation and ketogenesis, a feature that may favor brain development. MFGM supplementation did not induce significant compositional changes in the fecal microbiota but suppressed microbial diversity and altered microbiota-associated metabolites. Conclusion Supplementing MFGM in a formula reduced some metabolic gaps between formula-fed and breastfed infants.
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