Article
Microbiology
Jia Yin, Yujie Song, Yaozhong Hu, Yuanyifei Wang, Bowei Zhang, Jin Wang, Xuemeng Ji, Shuo Wang
Summary: Akkermansia muciniphila, a potential probiotic, has been shown to be positively correlated with tryptophan metabolism. Tryptophan treatment significantly promotes the growth of A. muciniphila and improves its hydrophobicity and adhesion when grown in a certain concentration. Furthermore, A. muciniphila can metabolize tryptophan into various indoles, which can significantly promote its growth.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Allison Agus, Karine Clement, Harry Sokol
Summary: Metabolic disorders are closely linked to alterations in the composition and function of the gut microbiota. Specific classes of microbiota-derived metabolites play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Guoqi Dang, Xiaobin Wen, Ruqing Zhong, Weida Wu, Shanlong Tang, Chong Li, Bao Yi, Liang Chen, Hongfu Zhang, Martine Schroyen
Summary: This study found that adding pectin can improve intestinal integrity and anti-inflammatory response, regulate gut microbiome and tryptophan metabolites, and inhibit inflammatory response by activating the AhR-IL22-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 pathway.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Carolina Rodriguez-Daza, Willem M. de Vos
Summary: Akkermansia muciniphila is a gut symbiont that is reduced in abundance in subjects with gut inflammation and metabolic disturbances. Dietary polyphenols can stimulate the relative abundance of A. muciniphila, contributing to the attenuation of several diseases. However, the mechanisms behind this stimulation are not well understood.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Zunji Shi, Hehua Lei, Gui Chen, Peihong Yuan, Zheng Cao, Hooi-Leng Ser, Xuehang Zhu, Fang Wu, Caixiang Liu, Manyuan Dong, Yuchen Song, Yangyang Guo, Chuan Chen, Kexin Hu, Yifan Zhu, Xin-an Zeng, Jinlin Zhou, Yujing Lu, Andrew D. Patterson, Limin Zhang
Summary: The consumption of saccharin/sucralose alters gut microbial community structure, leading to depletion of Akkermansia muciniphila and development of NAFLD in mice. Metformin or fructo-oligosaccharide supplementation can help restore gut microbiota balance and alleviate NAFLD. A new potential nutritional strategy involves using neohesperidin dihydrochalcone as a substitute for artificial sweeteners and free sugars.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jonathan M. Keane, Vanessa Las Heras, Jorge Pinheiro, Jamie A. FitzGerald, Maria A. Nunez-Sanchez, Cara M. Hueston, Liam O'Mahony, Paul D. Cotter, Colin Hill, Silvia Melgar, Cormac G. M. Gahan
Summary: A high-fat diet reduces resistance to Listeria monocytogenes, but short-term administration of Akkermansia muciniphila increases resistance to oral and systemic infection of L. monocytogenes in mice fed a high-fat diet. A. muciniphila reduces inflammation in the gut and liver, and normalizes the inflammatory cell infiltration in the ileum. It does not significantly affect the microbiota composition or microbial metabolites.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Yasmin Alhamoud, Muhammad Ijaz Ahmad, Tuerxunayi Abudumijiti, Junhao Wu, Minjie Zhao, Fengqin Feng, Jing Wang
Summary: The bioactive compound 6-Gingerol (6G) derived from ginger has shown potential in combating obesity by targeting gut microbiota and serum metabolites. This study revealed that 6G modified the composition of gut microbiota and altered serum metabolites related to lipid metabolism. The findings suggest that 6G promotes weight loss through its effects on gut microbiota and lipid metabolism.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Katie Meyer, Anju Lulla, Kunal Debroy, James M. Shikany, Kristine Yaffe, Osorio Meirelles, Lenore J. Launer
Summary: This study found associations between gut microbial composition and cognitive measures in middle-aged adults, suggesting a potential link between gut microbiota and cognitive aging that warrants further research and validation in larger samples.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wen Chen, Liang Wen, Yingying Bao, Zengwei Tang, Jianhui Zhao, Xiaozhen Zhang, Tao Wei, Jian Zhang, Tao Ma, Qi Zhang, Xiao Zhi, Jin Li, Cheng Zhang, Lei Ni, Muchun Li, Tingbo Liang
Summary: Imbalance of gut microbiota promotes liver cancer initiation by modulating tryptophan metabolism and up-regulating SREBP2.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Chuanhong Zhong, Lilei Peng, Bei Tao, Senlin Yin, Liang Lyu, Hao Ding, Xiaobo Yang, Tangming Peng, Haiping He, Peizhi Zhou
Summary: This study investigated the specific role of TDO2 in glioma progression and found that high TDO2 expression was closely associated with poor prognosis in glioma patients. TDO2 promoted glioma cell proliferation by increasing the levels of tryptophan metabolite Kyn through the AhR/AKT signaling pathway and had immunosuppressive effects.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Jonna E. B. Koper, Antonio Dario Troise, Linda M. P. Loonen, Paola Vitaglione, Edoardo Capuano, Vincenzo Fogliano, Jerry M. Wells
Summary: This study assessed the impact of tryptophan supplementation on tryptophan metabolites, AhR activation, and microbiota composition. The results showed that tryptophan supplementation led to changes in microbiota and increased formation of AhR agonists.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Allergy
Brian Forde, Lu Yao, Rupin Shaha, Sally Murphy, Nonhlanhla Lunjani, Liam O'Mahony
Summary: Metabolic health and immune function are closely connected through diet and the gut microbiota. Imbalance of microbes can lead to diseases such as allergy and asthma. Novel bacterial metabolites impacting immune function have been discovered.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yunjia Lai, Chih-Wei Liu, Yifei Yang, Yun-Chung Hsiao, Hongyu Ru, Kun Lu
Summary: Microbiota plays a significant role in regulating the metabolites in feces, blood serum, and brain tissues, impacting various pathways including aromatic amino acids and neurotransmitters. The study highlights microbiota-derived metabolites potentially involved in interorgan transport and the gut-brain axis, with specific gender characteristics discussed.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yue Chen, Yadong Wang, Yawei Fu, Yulong Yin, Kang Xu
Summary: Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-dependent transcription factor that plays a crucial role in regulating intestinal immunity and inflammation. Activation of AHR can have beneficial effects on the gut, but excessive or sustained activation can lead to immune dysregulation and intestinal diseases. The synthetic ligand TCDD has significant immunotoxic effects and impairs the intestinal epithelial barrier when it activates AHR.
CELL AND BIOSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Soumya R. Mohapatra, Ahmed Sadik, Suraj Sharma, Gernot Poschet, Hagen M. Gegner, Tobias V. Lanz, Philippe Lucarelli, Ursula Klingmueller, Michael Platten, Ines Heiland, Christiane A. Opitz
Summary: The liver plays a critical role in maintaining homeostatic levels of essential amino acids like tryptophan. Hypoxic conditions prompt significant rewiring of tryptophan metabolism in hepatocytes, leading to reduced expression of TDO2 and increased tryptamine production. This hypoxic adaptation may be linked to hallucinogenic responses and immunosuppressive activities, highlighting the importance of hypoxia in regulating tryptophan metabolism and potential implications for mental health.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Huajun Han, Laurie A. Davidson, Martha Hensel, Grace Yoon, Kerstin Landrock, Clinton Allred, Arul Jayaraman, Ivan Ivanov, Stephen H. Safe, Robert S. Chapkin
Summary: The study reveals the protective role of AhR signaling in genetically induced colon tumorigenesis at least by suppressing Wnt signaling and provides rationale for the AhR as a therapeutic target for cancer prevention and treatment.
MOLECULAR CANCER RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Toxicology
Hyejin Park, Un-Ho Jin, Keshav Karki, Clinton Allred, Laurie A. Davidson, Robert S. Chapkin, Asuka A. Orr, Farrhin Nowshad, Arul Jayaraman, Phanourios Tamamis, Stephen Safe
Summary: Hydroxylated chalcones act as AhR agonists with structure-dependent activity, inducing CYP1A1, CYP1B1, and UGT1A1 genes in Caco2 colon cancer cells. Compounds containing 2,2'-dihydroxy substituents showed the highest AhR activation, while other hydroxychalcones exhibited lower or non-detectable AhR activity in Caco2 cells.
TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Fangting Zhou, Kejun He, Qiwei Li, Robert S. Chapkin, Yang Ni
Summary: High-throughput sequencing technology provides opportunities for quantitatively exploring the human gut microbiome and its relationship with diseases. This study proposes an identifiable Bayesian multinomial matrix factorization model to infer overlapping clusters on both microbes and hosts, improving the interpretability of findings. The utility of the proposed approach is demonstrated by comparing it with alternative methods in simulations and applying it to a human gut microbiome data set involving patients with inflammatory bowel disease, revealing interesting clusters related to the disease.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
John M. Lawler, Jeffrey M. Hord, Pat Ryan, Dylan Holly, Mariana Janini Gomes, Dinah Rodriguez, Vinicius Guzzoni, Erika Garcia-Villatoro, Chase Green, Yang Lee, Sarah Little, Marcela Garcia, Lorrie Hill, Mary-Catherine Brooks, Matthew S. Lawler, Nicolette Keys, Amin Mohajeri, Khaled Y. Kamal
Summary: Insufficient stress response and elevated oxidative stress can lead to skeletal muscle atrophy during mechanical unloading. The inhibition of Nox2 has been found to play a crucial role in attenuating muscle fiber atrophy by preserving HSP70, Nrf2, and sarcolemmal nNOS during unloading.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jong Han Lee, Chuo Fang, Xin Li, Chia Shan Wu, Ji Yeon Noh, Xiangcang Ye, Robert S. Chapkin, Kai Sun, Yuxiang Sun
Summary: The study suggests that inhibiting GHS-R in adipose tissues can mitigate obesity and insulin resistance under high-fat diet conditions, while increasing heat production and physical activity. Adipose tissue-specific GHS-R deletion also protects against diet-induced metabolic disorders by modulating adipose angiogenesis and fibrosis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY
(2021)
Review
Biochemical Research Methods
Erika L. Garcia-Villatoro, Clinton D. Allred
Summary: Estrogen and its receptors play a significant role in the pathophysiology of inflammatory bowel diseases, with differences in incidence, severity, and complications observed between genders. Fluctuations in estrogen levels may impact disease development, and hormone replacement therapy can affect the risk and activity of IBDs in women.
EXPLORING NUCLEAR RECEPTORS
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Huajun Han, Laurie A. Davidson, Yang-Yi Fan, Kerstin K. Landrock, Arul Jayaraman, Stephen H. Safe, Robert S. Chapkin
Summary: IL22 signaling is regulated by AhR in colonic epithelial cells, which is important for optimizing colonic epithelial cell function and reducing colon cancer risk.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Yongjian Yang, Daniel Osorio, Laurie A. Davidson, Huajun Han, Destiny A. Mullens, Arul Jayaraman, Stephen Safe, Ivan Ivanov, James J. Cai, Robert S. Chapkin
Summary: This study utilized single-cell transcriptomics to analyze colonic intestinal crypts from wild-type and intestinal-specific Ahr knockout mice, revealing the important role of Ahr in regulating colon tumorigenesis. Ahr deletion promoted the expression of Foxm1-regulated genes in specific epithelial cell types and secretory cells, and increased the differentiation potency and rate of cell differentiation in stem cells. Furthermore, Ahr deletion disrupted intercellular signaling. This study provides new evidence of the molecular function of Ahr in vivo and has important implications for cancer prevention.
CANCER PREVENTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Destiny A. Mullens, Ivan Ivanov, Meredith A. J. Hullar, Timothy W. Randolph, Johanna W. Lampe, Robert S. Chapkin
Summary: This study investigated the impact of the metabolic phenotype of flaxseed lignan on host gene expression. The findings suggest that a higher conversion of flaxseed lignan to enterolactone (ENL) is associated with a suppressed inflammatory status.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alfredo Erazo-Oliveras, Monica Munoz-Vega, Michael L. Salinas, Xiaoli Wang, Robert S. Chapkin
Summary: Cellular membranes play a crucial role in mediating cellular signaling pathways. Loss of membrane homeostasis can lead to aberrant signaling and oncogenesis. Recent studies have shown that certain membrane active dietaries (MADs) can reshape biological membranes and reduce cancer risk.
Article
Sport Sciences
Maja Tomczyk, Zbigniew Jost, Maciej Chroboczek, Robert Urbanski, Philip C. Calder, Helena L. Fisk, Mateusz Sprengel, Jedrzej Antosiewicz
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the effects of 12 wk of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation during endurance training on omega-3 index (O3I) and indicators of running performance in amateur long-distance runners. The results showed a significant increase in O3I, improvements in (V) over dotO(2peak) and running economy, but no significant effect on the 1500-m run trial time.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Timothy M. Sveeggen, Colette A. Abbey, Rebecca L. Smith, Michael L. Salinas, Robert S. Chapkin, Kayla J. Bayless
Summary: The intersection of protein and lipid biology is crucial for understanding cell adhesion and migration. The membrane binding protein ANXA2 plays a novel role in modulating specific membrane lipids necessary for cytoskeletal organization and cell junction stabilization.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stephen Safe, Jainish Kothari, Amanuel Hailemariam, Srijana Upadhyay, Laurie A. Davidson, Robert S. Chapkin
Summary: Coffee consumption is associated with decreased rates of mortality and neurological and metabolic diseases. It has a potential chemopreventive effect against certain types of cancer and may also be therapeutic for breast and colon cancer. The mechanisms behind these effects involve various pathways and receptors, as well as epigenetic pathways and the gut microbiome. Further research on these mechanisms will contribute to future clinical applications of coffee extracts for cancer treatment and other inflammatory diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Miok Lee, Srijana Upadhyay, Fuada Mariyam, Greg Martin, Amanuel Hailemariam, Kyongbum Lee, Arul Jayaraman, Robert S. Chapkin, Syng-Ook Lee, Stephen Safe
Summary: It has been reported that hydroxyflavones quercetin and kaempferol can bind to the NR4A1 receptor and act as antagonists in cancer cells and tumors. They inhibit pro-oncogenic NR4A1-regulated genes and pathways. This study investigated the interactions between different hydroxyflavones and the NR4A1 receptor using fluorescence and calorimetry assays. The results showed that hydroxyflavones are selective NR4A1 modulators, and some of them can be used to target patients that overexpress NR4A1.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Natividad R. Fuentes, Mohamed Mlih, Xiaoli Wang, Gabriella Webster, Sergio Cortes-Acosta, Michael L. Salinas, Ian R. Corbin, Jason Karpac, Robert S. Chapkin
Summary: The study identified that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) reduces EGFR signaling by reshaping EGFR proteolipid nanodomains, suggesting the potential of using membrane therapy to target plasma membrane organization and reduce cancer risk.
JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH
(2021)