Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Cecile Genevois, Haytem Bazzaoui, Marina Boyer, Sandra Ory, Yannick Ledemi, Younes Messaddeq, Michael J. Pitcher, Mathieu Allix
Summary: By employing a unique approach of full and congruent crystallization from glass, SrREGa3O7 transparent polycrystalline ceramics have been successfully synthesized with small rare earth elements (RE = Dy-Lu and Y). This innovative process results in the formation of an orthorhombic superstructure, as opposed to the classic tetragonal melilite structure, leading to a distinctive cationic ordering of the Sr/RE ions. The tailored cationic ordering in these ceramics impacts the luminescent spectroscopic properties of the rare earth elements, with a stronger structuration of the emission band observed in the ordered ceramic compared to the disordered ceramic and glass.
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yi Zhang, Huan Gui, Zikun Duan, Tian Yu, Jie Zhang, Xiaoli Liang, Chengxi Liu
Summary: Systemic activation of D1 receptors has been found to promote emergence from propofol-induced unconsciousness, with the nucleus accumbens (NAc) showing disinhibited neuronal activity during the recovery phase. D1 receptor modulation on the activity of NAc MSNs plays a vital role in facilitating the emergence from propofol-induced unconsciousness, as shown by whole-cell patch clamp recordings and pharmacological intervention experiments.
NEUROCHEMICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Stefan Evans, Johann Rafelski
Summary: In this study, we evaluate the imaginary part of the effective action in an electric field, sourced by vacuum fluctuations of a charged particle with magnetic moment. The result is found to be convergent for all values of the gyromagnetic ratio and exhibits periodicity, with a cusp at g = 2. We also examine the relationship to the QED beta-function, which shows periodic behavior in g. Using this novel method, we confirm the presence of asymptotic freedom conditions and identify a wider range of g-values for which asymptotic freedom is present.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Anustup Chakraborty, Ravindra Venkatramani
Summary: We investigated the polarization response of ubiquitin to static electric fields using molecular dynamics simulations. We found that antiparallel fields induce faster structural changes and protein unfolding compared to parallel fields of the same strength. Strong electric fields unfold the protein through specific pathways, while weak fields produce reversible polarization. The dependence of water properties, protein diffusion, and unfolding pathways on simulation parameters were critically examined.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lia Siegelman, William R. Young, Andrew P. Ingersoll
Summary: Vortex crystals are structures formed by like-signed vortices in solid-body rotation, embedded in a background of weaker vorticity. It has been discovered that these crystals can form from the free evolution of randomly excited two-dimensional turbulence on an idealized polar cap, and they exhibit long-lasting stability.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Qing Li, Yuxiang Wu, Xinwei Fan, Ying-Jie Zhang, Xiyu Zhu, Zhengyan Zhu, Yiwen Li, Hai-Hu Wen
Summary: This study reports the observation of unconventional superconductivity in a kagome compound Rb2Pd3Se4 by applying high pressure. The insulating behavior of the parent phase is attributed to the crystalline field splitting of partial bands, while the thresholds for metallicity and superconductivity are reached during the Lifshitz transition.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Nicolas Mirkin, Diego A. Wisniacki
Summary: The study reveals that a highly disordered environment is beneficial for Quantum Darwinism (QD), with increasing disorder leading to higher objectivity in the system. By quantifying the lack of redundancy to estimate the many-body mobility edge, it is found that objectivity increases as the environment size grows.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kazuhiro Kashiwagi, Yuichi Shichino, Tatsuya Osaki, Ayako Sakamoto, Madoka Nishimoto, Mari Takahashi, Mari Mito, Friedemann Weber, Yoshiho Ikeuchi, Shintaro Iwasaki, Takuhiro Ito
Summary: The study demonstrates that a viral protein interferes with the host integrated stress response by disrupting the binding of phosphorylated eIF2 to eIF2B, leading to neuroprotective effects against stress-induced neurite degradation. Cryo-electron microscopy analysis reveals the competitive binding mechanism of SFSV NSs to eIF2B, enabling the maintenance of nucleotide exchange activity and suppression of ISR. The genome-wide ribosome profiling analysis confirms the attenuation of ISR by SFSV NSs, suggesting its potential as a promising therapeutic ISR inhibitor in neurological diseases.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Haomin Li, Huanyu Lei, Shudeng Ma, Tianfu Song, Yan Li, Haifeng Yu
Summary: This study overcomes the challenges of observing intermediate emitters and discovers unique dual-state intermediates with distinctive luminescent properties through the spontaneously formed space limitations in polymer crosslinking networks and the capture of reactive intermediates. These findings provide a new perspective for designing intermediate emitters with liquid-crystal characteristics and photoresponsive features.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Yi Zhang, Huan Gui, Lang Hu, Chengxi Li, Jie Zhang, Xiaoli Liang
Summary: Aging delays emergence from anesthesia in elderly mice, with changes in EEG power. The activation or inhibition of D1R in the NAc shell modulates emergence in young mice, but this capacity declines in aged mice along with decreased D1R expression in the NAc shell.
BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Allegra L. Liberman-Martin
Summary: This article discusses the reactivity patterns and properties of low-valent main group compounds, which are reminiscent of transition metals. However, much less attention has been given to zerovalent carbon species compared to widely studied divalent carbon compounds such as carbenes. The article highlights the properties and reactivity of zerovalent carbon compounds, with a focus on their first applications as organocatalysts for small molecule reduction and polymerization reactions.
CELL REPORTS PHYSICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ilona Leppanen, Timo Lappalainen, Tia Lohtander, Christopher Jonkergouw, Suvi Arola, Tekla Tammelin
Summary: This study demonstrates that nanocellulose networks can be used to capture and quantify colloidal plastics in aqueous environments, providing kinetic information on their uptake. The findings contribute to understanding the mechanism of particle capture and offer possibilities for quantifying nano- and microplastics in different water environments.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Weiran Zhou, Hui Zheng, Min Wang, Yanbin Zheng, Shuaiyu Chen, Meng-jing Wang, Guang-Heng Dong
Summary: This study found disrupted thalamocortical communication in patients with Internet gaming disorder (IGD), which may lead to an imbalance between goal-directed and habitual systems in IGD patients. These findings provide more information about the role of the thalamus in the pathophysiology of IGD, and these circuit alterations could potentially be useful in treatment development and monitoring treatment outcomes for IGD patients.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Enzhao Cong, Qingfeng Li, Haiying Chen, Yiyun Cai, Zheng Ling, Yun Wang, Hui Wen, Huifeng Zhang, Yan Li, Yao Hu, Xiaohua Liu, Xuexue Wang, Zhi Yang, Yifeng Xu, Daihui Peng, Yan Wu
Summary: The volume of the amygdala was found to differ between depressed patients and healthy controls, impacting anxiety and suicidal ideation in depressive patients. In depressive patients, volumes of certain subregions of the amygdala were significantly increased, potentially serving as biomarkers for suicidal ideation.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Tiffany C. Ho, Boris Gutman, Elena Pozzi, Hans J. Grabe, Norbert Hosten, Katharina Wittfeld, Henry Voelzke, Bernhard Baune, Udo Dannlowski, Katharina Foerster, Dominik Grotegerd, Ronny Redlich, Andreas Jansen, Tilo Kircher, Axel Krug, Susanne Meinert, Igor Nenadic, Nils Opel, Richard Dinga, Dick J. Veltman, Knut Schnell, Ilya Veer, Henrik Walter, Ian H. Gotlib, Matthew D. Sacchet, Andre Aleman, Nynke A. Groenewold, Dan J. Stein, Meng Li, Martin Walter, Christopher R. K. Ching, Neda Jahanshad, Anjanibhargavi Ragothaman, Dmitry Isaev, Artemis Zavaliangos-Petropulu, Paul M. Thompson, Philipp G. Saemann, Lianne Schmaal
Summary: This study investigated the differences in subcortical shape between patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and healthy controls. The results showed that both adolescent-onset MDD and recurrent MDD patients had lower thickness and surface area in certain subcortical regions compared to healthy controls.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Prince Ravat, Hikaru Uchida, Ryosuke Sekine, Ko Kamei, Akihisa Yamamoto, Oleg Konovalov, Motomu Tanaka, Teppei Yamada, Koji Harano, Eiichi Nakamura
Summary: This article reports the de novo synthesis of a 3-nm-thick nanofilm intercalating a hydrogen-bonded network between two layers of fullerene molecules, leading to high proton conductivity. The film can be uniformly formed at an air/water interface and transferred to various substrates, showing reversible bending under electron beam irradiation.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Tomoya Miura, Yumi Ishihara, Takayuki Nakamuro, Shunsuke Moritani, Yuuya Nagata, Masahiro Murakami
Summary: This study investigates the asymmetric cyclooligomerization of bifunctional monomers catalyzed by rhodium(II). The major products obtained are cyclic dimers with unique structures, and it is observed that these structures can undergo ring-flipping.
CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Toshiki Shimizu, Dominik Lungerich, Koji Harano, Eiichi Nakamura
Summary: Transient intermediates in cascade reactions are challenging to study. In this research, fast electron microscopy was used to observe and identify several metastable intermediates, revealing the reaction mechanism and the average lifetime of intermediates.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Junfei Xing, Keishi Takeuchi, Ko Kamei, Takayuki Nakamuro, Koji Harano, Eiichi Nakamura
Summary: With the development of atomic resolution transmission electron microscopy (AR-TEM), chemists can visually study the temporal evolution of molecular motions and reactions at the atomic level. However, experimental TEM images often differ from conventional molecular models, making them difficult to interpret. By introducing correlated atomic radii models, researchers can more easily estimate molecular structures from TEM images.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dongxin Liu, Satori Kowashi, Takayuki Nakamuro, Dominik Lungerich, Kaoru Yamanouchi, Koji Harano, Eiichi Nakamura
Summary: There is increasing attention to the chemical applications of transmission electron microscopy, but it is often hindered by radiation damage. This study focuses on the radiolysis damage in organic matter and aims to provide fundamental information on the product structure, electron energy influence, and reaction kinetics. By studying the [2 + 2] dimerization of a van der Waals dimer [60]fullerene in a carbon nanotube, the researchers identify five reaction pathways that serve as mechanistic models of radiolysis damage. The results highlight the importance of variable-temperature and variable-voltage kinetic analysis in understanding radiation damage mechanisms.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Takayuki Nakamuro, Ko Kamei, Keyi Sun, Jeffrey W. Bode, Koji Harano, Eiichi Nakamura
Summary: The study shows that the DP molecule has an intrinsic property of forming tetramers in water, which is enhanced by the presence of calcium ions. The dimer remains as the major species, and a face-to-face stacked structure based on dynamic imaging has been proposed.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Tomohiro Shiraki, Rioe Saito, Hayato Saeki, Naoki Tanaka, Koji Harano, Tsuyohiko. Fujigaya
Summary: Chemical functionalization of boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) through reductive alkylation reaction introduces luminescent defects. Attachment of hexyl groups on the BNNT wall results in the formation of sp3 boron atom defects in the BN network, leading to defect photoluminescence in the UV-vis region. This chemistry-based defect doping technique offers an attractive tool for bandgap engineering of BNNTs.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Meijia Yang, Hiroki Hanayama, Long Fang, Matthew A. Addicoat, Yunyu Guo, Robert Graf, Koji Harano, Jun Kikkawa, Enquan Jin, Akimitsu Narita, Klaus Mu''llen
Summary: To overcome the photoluminescence quenching of COFs, a strategy involving interrupting intralayer conjugation and interlayer interactions using cyclohexane as the linker unit is proposed. By altering the building block structures, imine-bonded COFs with different topologies and porosities are obtained, showing enhanced emission with record-high photoluminescence quantum yields in the solid state. Furthermore, the resulting cyclohexane-linked COF exhibits excellent sensing performance for the trace recognition of various molecules.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Toru Ishikawa, Fumihiko Tanaka, Kosuke Kurushima, Akira Yasuhara, Ryusuke Sagawa, Tatsuya Fujita, Ryohei Yonesaki, Katsuhiko Iseki, Takayuki Nakamuro, Koji Harano, Eiichi Nakamura
Summary: Carbon fiber obtained by pyrolysis of polyacrylonitrile exhibits superior properties for various applications, such as aircraft manufacture and power turbine blades. The structure of polyacrylonitrile-derived carbon fiber consists of hierarchically piled up wavy graphene-like networks, which exhibit high tensile strength and resistance to fracture. Conversely, pitch-based carbon fiber, consisting of crystalline graphene networks, is brittle.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Naoki Kito, Shinjiro Takano, Shinya Masuda, Koji Harano, Tatsuya Tsukuda
Summary: A gold cluster with terpyridyl ligands was synthesized and its coordination behavior with different metal ions was investigated. The photoluminescence of the gold cluster was found to be affected differently by different metal ions, depending on their electronic structures. These findings are important for understanding the optical properties and applications of gold clusters.
BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Helen Hoelzel, Sol Lee, Konstantin Yu. Amsharov, Norbert Jux, Koji Harano, Eiichi Nakamura, Dominik Lungerich
Summary: The visualization of single-molecule reactions using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy provides important insights into chemical processes. This study demonstrates the synthetic use of the electron beam by inducing the formation of a doubly holed fullerene-porphyrin cage structure through in-depth time-resolved transmission electron microscopy studies. The findings suggest that secondary electrons in the irradiated area can initiate chemical reactions, highlighting the importance of understanding molecular radiation chemistry for designing advanced carbon nanostructures by electron-beam lithography.
Article
Microscopy
Koji Harano, Takayuki Nakamuro, Eiichi Nakamura
Summary: The advent of single-molecule atomic-resolution time-resolved electron microscopy (SMART-EM) has allowed for the cinematographic recording of dynamic behaviors of organic and inorganic molecules and their assembly. However, the limited electron dose per frame of video images presents a major challenge in SMART-EM. Recent advances in direct electron counting cameras and denoising algorithms have enabled the tracking of stochastic molecular motions and chemical reactions with high temporal resolution and localization precision.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jun Kikkawa, Aoi Nii, Yoshiaki Sakaniwa, Naochika Kon, Marina Sakamaki, Touyou Ohashi, Nobuyasu Nita, Koji Harano, Koji Kimoto
Summary: This study investigated the effects of electron irradiation on a common epoxy resin using dose-dependent electron energy loss spectroscopy. The results revealed that the chemical structure of the epoxy resin changed as the electron dose increased. The epoxy resin was found to be highly sensitive to fast electrons at low temperature.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Takayuki Nakamuro, Ko Kamei, Keyi Sun, Jeffrey W. Bode, Koji Harano, Eiichi Nakamura
Summary: The study demonstrates that Daptomycin molecules have the ability to self-aggregate in water, with stronger aggregation in the presence of calcium ions. By using structural analysis and dynamic imaging techniques, it was found that DP molecules primarily form dimers and tetramers, with a proposed structure model.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)