Article
Entomology
Yujing Yang, Xiaosai Li, Deguang Liu, Xiaojin Pei, Abdul Ghaffar Khoso
Summary: This study compared CHC profiles of different genotypes of the grain aphid under desiccation conditions and found that short-chain n-alkanes play an important role in constitutive desiccation resistance, while methyl-branched CHCs are more sensitive to desiccation and play a more significant role in induced desiccation resistance.
JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Luhua Yao, Dengke Wang, Dangjun Wang, Shixiong Li, Youjun Chen, Yanjun Guo
Summary: In this study, six alpine herbs were reciprocally transplanted to evaluate their responses to changing environments. The results showed that the plants exhibited different responses when transplanted to different locations. Furthermore, a correlation was found between leaf cuticular waxes and leaf functional traits.
Article
Ecology
Subhash Rajpurohit, Vladimir Vrkoslav, Robert Hanus, Allen G. Gibbs, Josef Cvacka, Paul S. Schmidt
Summary: The insect cuticle acts as a barrier between internal homeostasis and the external environment, with cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) playing a key role in stress response and communication. Exposure to different temperatures post-eclosion resulted in significant changes in CHCs profiles among Drosophila melanogaster populations, with variations observed in chain length and effects varying between populations and sexes. The differences in CHCs were linked to desiccation tolerance, highlighting the genetic and plasticity effects in response to environmental temperatures during the adult stage.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Stanislaw Knutelski, Hubert Haranczyk, Piotr Nowak, Andrzej Wrobel, Bartosz Leszczynski, Takashi Okuda, Kazimierz Strzalka, Ewelina Baran
Summary: The Polypedilum vanderplanki larva loses a significant amount of body water during desiccation, causing a halt in metabolic and physiological processes. However, the larva is able to return to active life upon rehydration. Research on the rehydration mechanisms showed that the larva's head volume remains relatively constant while the rest of the body expands. The H-1-NMR spectrum analysis revealed the absence of solid state matter in the active larvae, with the spectrum being a combination of tightly and loosely bound water fractions as well as lipids. The increase in volume during larva rehydration follows a linear pattern. The initial phase of hydration is independent of the water's chemical composition, but the presence of ions affects the further process and the rate of larva's return to active life. Diffusion and ion channels play a significant role in the permeability of water through the larva's body integument.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Tingyat M. Lee, Kurtis M. Westbury, Christopher J. Martyniuk, William A. Nelson, Christopher D. Moyes
Summary: Daphnia is able to upregulate hemoglobin in response to hypoxia, facilitating oxygen delivery and mitigating systemic hypoxia. The metabolic phenotype of Daphnia is influenced by both microevolutionary differences and the spatial and temporal environmental heterogeneity of lakes.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Mathias Dezetter, Andreaz Dupoue, Jean-Francois Le Galliard, Olivier Lourdais
Summary: The study reveals that individuals affected by thermal conditions during the juvenile life stage show changes in metabolic rate and water loss persisting until adulthood, indicating the flexibility of long-lived organisms in adapting to climate change. The research also suggests that physiological syndromes in individuals could play a role in their response to climate change alongside plasticity.
FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Piyumika S. Suriyampola, Jose Jaime Zuniga-Vega, Nishad Jayasundara, Jennifer Flores, Melissa Lopez, Anuradha Bhat, Emilia P. Martins
Summary: Phenotypes that allow animals to detect, weather, and predict changes efficiently are essential for survival in fluctuating environments. River zebrafish have distinct behavior, morphology, sensory and metabolic physiology compared to still-water zebrafish, indicating their adaptation to high-flow environments. They have higher velocity, lower oxygen demands, and less vigorous response to small changes in flow rate. Moreover, river zebrafish have less streamlined bodies and more behavioral plasticity.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Dermatology
Iara Bastos de Andrade, Maria Helena Galdino Figueiredo-Carvalho, Alessandra Leal da Silva Chaves, Rowena Alves Coelho, Fernando Almeida-Silva, Rosely Maria Zancope-Oliveira, Susana Frases, Fabio Brito-Santos, Rodrigo Almeida-Paes
Summary: By studying the metabolic plasticity and phenotypic switching of Trichosporonaceae strains, it was found that T. asahii is the most common strain in human infections and has a higher growth ability. These findings expand the understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of Trichosporonaceae members.
Article
Zoology
Josefina Menendez, Emmanuel F. Ruperto, Paula A. Taraborelli, Paola L. Sassi
Summary: The study examines phenotypic variation in energetic traits of Phyllotis xanthopygus along an altitudinal gradient. Intraspecific differences in resting metabolic rate are found in animals from different altitudes, but not in their offspring. Developmental conditions affect the short-term acclimation capacity of this trait during adulthood.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART A-ECOLOGICAL AND INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Ryan D. Wedge, Frank C. Sup, Brian R. Umberger
Summary: The study aimed to determine the effects of stance-time asymmetry on the metabolic cost of transport in individuals with amputation. The findings showed that participants with amputation walked with greater stance-time asymmetry compared to able-bodied participants, and stance-time asymmetry had a significant effect on metabolic cost. The preferred asymmetries for both groups were not different from the asymmetries coinciding with the predicted minimum metabolic cost.
CLINICAL BIOMECHANICS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marie E. Herberstein, Donald James McLean, Elizabeth Lowe, Jonas O. Wolff, Md Kawsar Khan, Kaitlyn Smith, Andrew P. Allen, Matthew Bulbert, Bruno A. Buzatto, Mark D. B. Eldridge, Daniel Falster, Laura Fernandez Winzer, Simon C. Griffith, Joshua S. Madin, Ajay Narendra, Mark Westoby, Martin J. Whiting, Ian J. Wright, Alexandra J. R. Carthey
Summary: Trait databases are important resources for comparative studies in ecology and evolution. AnimalTraits database is introduced here, which includes body mass, metabolic rate, and brain size data of terrestrial animals. The database covers a wide range of taxonomic groups and species, sourced from original empirical publications with accompanying metrics and measurements. Additional R scripts are provided to assist researchers in aggregating standardized observations.