Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Zhen Qu, Daniel J. Jacob, Rachel F. Silvern, Viral Shah, Patrick C. Campbell, Lukas C. Valin, Lee T. Murray
Summary: Satellite observations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) were compared with surface network measurements during the US COVID-19 shutdown, revealing a muted response in the satellite observations due to a significant background contribution to NO2. Long-term trends show an increasing NO2 background over remote US regions, potentially linked to wildfires. Understanding this background NO2 is crucial for interpreting satellite observations accurately.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xavier Querol, Jordi Massague, Andres Alastuey, Teresa Moreno, Gotzon Gangoiti, Enrique Mantilla, Jose Jaime Dueguez, Miguel Escudero, Eliseo Monfort, Carlos Perez Garcia-Pando, Herve Petetin, Oriol Jorba, Victor Vazquez, Jesus de la Rosa, Alberto Campos, Marta Munoz, Silvia Monge, Maria Hervas, Rebeca Javato, Maria J. Cornide
Summary: Traffic flow decreased during lockdown in Spain, leading to reduced NO2 levels but less than expected decrease in PM2.5. After lockdown, there was a persistent shift from public transport to private vehicles, impacting air quality.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Matthew J. Cooper, Randall Martin, Melanie S. Hammer, Pieternel F. Levelt, Pepijn Veefkind, Lok N. Lamsal, Nickolay A. Krotkov, Jeffrey R. Brook, Chris A. McLinden
Summary: Using satellite observations of NO2 column densities, we derived spatially resolved ground-level NO2 concentrations globally and compared them between cities during the COVID-19 lockdowns in 2020 and 2019. The study found that strict lockdown conditions were associated with a 29% ± 3% decrease in average country-level population-weighted NO2 concentrations compared to countries without lockdowns. The decrease in NO2 during COVID-19 lockdowns exceeded year-to-year decreases from emission controls and was comparable to reductions equivalent to 15 ± 4 years globally.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jonathan Liu, Jonah Lipsitt, Michael Jerrett, Yifang Zhu
Summary: This study investigated how changes in traffic patterns due to the COVID-19 pandemic and shelter-in-place measures impacted near-road NO and NO2 concentrations in California. The findings showed significant declines in passenger traffic which led to reductions in NO and NO2 concentrations at near-road locations, highlighting the improvement in air quality due to reduced vehicle activity.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xin Huang, Aijun Ding, Jian Gao, Bo Zheng, Derong Zhou, Ximeng Qi, Rong Tang, Jiaping Wang, Chuanhua Ren, Wei Nie, Xuguang Chi, Zheng Xu, Liangduo Chen, Yuanyuan Li, Fei Che, Nini Pang, Haikun Wang, Dan Tong, Wei Qin, Wei Cheng, Weijing Liu, Qingyan Fu, Baoxian Liu, Fahe Chai, Steven J. Davis, Qiang Zhang, Kebin He
Summary: The study indicates that during the COVID lockdown, haze was mainly driven by enhanced secondary pollution, particularly due to the significant decrease in NOx emissions from transportation. This highlights the need for a coordinated and balanced strategy to control multiple pollutants for haze mitigation.
NATIONAL SCIENCE REVIEW
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mariano Mertens, Patrick Joeckel, Sigrun Matthes, Matthias Nuetzel, Volker Grewe, Robert Sausen
Summary: The recent COVID-19 pandemic and its associated emission reductions have led to a decrease in ozone concentration in Europe, primarily due to a reduction in anthropogenic ozone precursors.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Andrea Pazmino, Matthias Beekmann, Florence Goutail, Dmitry Ionov, Ariane Bazureau, Manuel Nunes-Pinharanda, Alain Hauchecorne, Sophie Godin-Beekmann
Summary: The study analyzed the evolution of NO2 in Paris and surroundings during the lockdown period, revealing a significant impact of emission reductions due to the lockdown on NO2 levels, resulting in a decrease in both urban and suburban areas.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mingyu Yang, Lin Chen, Goodluck Msigwa, Kuok Ho Daniel Tang, Pow-Seng Yap
Summary: The impacts of COVID-19 on global environmental pollution have shown both positive and negative effects. Lockdowns and travel restrictions have reduced air and water pollution, while soil contamination has worsened. Carbon emissions have decreased due to reduced travel and energy usage. Post-COVID-19 sustainable strategies involve adopting new technologies and implementing comprehensive waste management measures.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Melanie S. Hammer, Aaron van Donkelaar, Randall V. Martin, Erin E. McDuffie, Alexei Lyapustin, Andrew M. Sayer, N. Christina Hsu, Robert C. Levy, Michael J. Garay, Olga V. Kalashnikova, Ralph A. Kahn
Summary: The study examines the effects of lockdown measures on PM2.5 concentrations during the COVID-19 pandemic, finding significant reductions in China and slight changes in Europe and North America. These changes are attributed to a combination of meteorological conditions and emission reductions, primarily from transportation sources. Regional differences in the sensitivity of PM2.5 to emission sources are demonstrated in this work.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Venkat Ratnam Madineni, Hari Prasad Dasari, Ramakrishna Karumuri, Yesubabu Viswanadhapalli, Prasad Perumal, Ibrahim Hoteit
Summary: Lockdown measures during the COVID-19 pandemic in India led to a significant reduction in aerosols and trace gases over Northwest India, the Indo Gangetic Plain, and the Northeast Indian regions, mainly due to an increase in the boundary layer height and reduced emissions. However, Central and South India experienced an increase in pollutant levels, attributed to long-range transport of aerosols and decreased wind speed causing stagnation. The study highlights the importance of both emissions and natural processes in influencing pollution concentrations over the Indian sub-continent.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Erika Garcia, Brittney Marian, Zhanghua Chen, Kenan Li, Fred Lurmann, Frank Gilliland, Sandrah P. Eckel
Summary: This study identified associations between long-term ambient air pollution and COVID-19 mortality, particularly in communities with historically high pollution levels. Data from California showed that PM2.5, PM10, NO2, and O-3 were positively correlated with COVID-19 mortality.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Kun Qu, Xuesong Wang, Yu Yan, Jin Shen, Teng Xiao, Huabin Dong, Limin Zeng, Yuanhang Zhang
Summary: The study found that typhoon influence increases wind speeds and downdrafts in autumn, as well as the inflow of more polluted air masses in summer, creating favorable conditions for O3 transport in both seasons. However, typhoons have different effects on O3 production and accumulation. In autumn, typhoons reduce cloud cover and increase solar radiation, accelerating O3 production but reducing local air mass residence time, while in summer, typhoons increase cloud cover and decrease solar radiation, suppressing O3 formation but increasing local air mass residence time.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Kushal Tibrewal, Chandra Venkataraman
Summary: During the COVID-19 pandemic, reduced anthropogenic activities in India led to significant decreases in ambient fine particulate matter, SO2, and NOx concentrations, while tropospheric O3 levels spiked. The transport sector, power plants, and industry reduced emissions of CO2, primary PM2.5, SO2, and NOx by approximately 50% to 75%, with minimal reductions in warming SLCFs. The study suggests that reductions in NOx to NMVOC emission ratios spatially coincided with observed increases in O3 levels.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Asrah Heintzelman, Gabriel Filippelli, Vijay Lulla
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic led to a significant reduction in global transport and industrial activities, resulting in sharp declines in emissions, including NO2. This reduction in pollutants like NO2 can be achieved by manipulating traffic patterns, potentially improving population-level health resilience in the future. Research on NO2 sensor data and traffic statistics in U.S. cities during the shutdown period found a correlation between reduced traffic and decreased NO2 concentration.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Julianna Christopoulos, Daniel Tong, Patrick C. C. Campbell, Siqi Ma
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the US economy, leading to changes in O-3 concentration and affecting soybean crop yields. The study reveals that while some regions experienced decreased exposures and yield losses, the Southeast US saw increased exposures and yield improvements, resulting in minimal overall soybean production loss of $6.5 million.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ibrahim Khan, Syed Najeebullah, Muhammad Ali, Zabta Khan Shinwari
TROPICAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH
(2016)
Article
Plant Sciences
Ibrahim Khan, Zabta Khan Shinwari, Nadia Batool Zahra, Sohail Ahmad Jan, Shehla Shinwari, Syed Najeebullah
PAKISTAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY
(2020)
Review
Biochemical Research Methods
Ibrahim Khan, Sikandar Khan, Maryam Akhoundian, Dawood Shah, Sayed Suliman Shah, Sohail Ahmad Jan
Summary: Various types of ncRNAs exist in rice, classified into sncRNAs and lncRNAs based on size and structure. sncRNAs negatively regulate gene expression and play a vital role in developmental processes and stress responses. lncRNAs stabilize alterations in the plant genome and regulate transcription through interactions with coding/non-coding RNA and TFs.
PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTER
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Muhammad Aizaz, Waqar Ahmad, Ibrahim Khan, Sajjad Asaf, Saqib Bilal, Rahmatullah Jan, Saleem Asif, Muhammad Waqas, Abdul Latif Khan, Kyung-Min Kim, Ahmed AL-Harrasi
Summary: This study investigated the use of halotolerant bacteria from coastal regions to mitigate salinity stress. Effective microbial strains were identified and evaluated for their positive impact on plant growth and salt stress tolerance. The study also revealed the promotory effects of these bacterial strains on plant secondary metabolites and antioxidant enzymes. These findings demonstrate the potential of beneficial microbes as a sustainable approach to mitigate salinity stress in agriculture.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Applied
Sayed Suliman Shah, Dawood Shah, Ibrahim Khan, Sajjad Ahmad, Umar Ali, Atiq Ur Rahman
BIOINTERFACE RESEARCH IN APPLIED CHEMISTRY
(2020)