Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hanan Amadid, Pernille F. Ronn, Maria B. N. Dunbar, Jakob S. Knudsen, Bendix Carstensen, Frederik Persson, Marit E. Jorgensen
Summary: The use of lipid-lowering drugs (LLDs) among type 2 diabetes patients in Denmark has decreased since 2012, with only 55% using LLDs in 2017. Levels of total cholesterol and LDL-C have decreased, while triglycerides have increased from 2010 to 2017. LLD users had lower LDL-C levels and a higher rate of achieving LDL-C goals compared to non-users.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Erica Gianazza, Maura Brioschi, Ada Iezzi, Giuseppe Paglia, Cristina Banfi
Summary: Lipid-lowering therapies are widely used to prevent ASCVD and related mortality. Omics technologies have been employed to study the mechanisms and effects of these drugs, aiming to improve treatment efficacy and safety. Pharmacometabolomics focuses on studying the effects of drugs on metabolic pathways and the variation of treatment response. This review summarizes significant metabolomic studies on lipid-lowering therapies, including statins, fibrates, and novel drugs and nutraceutical approaches. Integrating pharmacometabolomics data with other omics approaches can help understand the biological mechanisms of lipid-lowering drugs and improve treatment efficacy while reducing side effects.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Pier Luigi Temporelli, Marcello Arca, Laura D'Erasmo, Raffaele De Caterina
Summary: Hyperlipidemia is a significant risk factor for coronary heart disease, but its relationship to stroke has been less clear. Recent data demonstrate the positive impact of cholesterol-lowering on stroke, while also dispelling concerns about increased risk of hemorrhagic stroke. Despite guidelines recommending aggressive lipid-lowering therapy for at-risk patients, secondary prevention patients often do not receive adequate treatment.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Anna Citarella, Simona Cammarota, Francesca Futura Bernardi, Luigi Caliendo, Antonello D'Andrea, Biagio Fimiani, Marianna Fogliasecca, Daniela Pacella, Rita Pagnotta, Ugo Trama, Giovanni Battista Zito, Mariarosaria Cillo, Adriano Vercellone
Summary: This study evaluated the use of high-intensity lipid-lowering therapy (LLT) in Italian patients after discharge for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) events and found low utilization rates. Female sex, older age, and stroke/TIA or PAD conditions were associated with a lower likelihood of receiving high-intensity LLT.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Heqing Tao, Zhou Yu, Yongqiang Dong, Ligang Liu, Liang Peng, Xueqing Chen
Summary: The level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is inversely associated with the risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Genetically inhibiting proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) increases the risk of IBD, ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), while inhibiting cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) decreases the risk of CD. HDL-C mediates the causal pathway from CETP to CD.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Linda Mueller, Christiane Engelbertz, Holger Reinecke, Eva Freisinger, Nasser M. Malyar, Matthias Meyborg, Tobias J. Brix, Julian Varghese, Katrin Gebauer
Summary: Lower extremity artery disease (LEAD) affects elderly patients and is linked to increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. However, most patients do not achieve the recommended target levels for abnormal blood lipids, and the progression of cardiovascular events remains inevitable. This study highlights the importance of both pharmacological and lifestyle interventions in managing LEAD patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ivona Markelic, Iva Hlapcic, Dunja Rogic, Ivana Rako, Miroslav Samarzija, Sanja Popovic-Grle, Lada Rumora, Andrea Vukic Dugac
Summary: This study found lipid parameters in COPD patients differed from healthy individuals, with changes occurring as disease severity increased. Some lipid indices showed associations with lung function parameters and COPD multicomponent indices. Further studies are needed to understand the underlying mechanism of dyslipidaemia in COPD.
NUTRITION METABOLISM AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ashkan Shoamanesh, Magdy Selim
Summary: Hyperlipidemia is common in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), but the benefits and harms of lipid-lowering treatments in this patient population are still unclear. There is currently no consensus on the optimal management strategy for hyperlipidemia after ICH, and more research is needed to guide treatment.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Michal Vrablik, Bohumil Seifert, Alexander Parkhomenko, Maciej Banach, Jacek J. Jozwiak, Robert Gabor Kiss, Dan Gaita, Katarina Raslova, Marie Zachlederova, Sarah Bray, Kausik K. Ray
Summary: Central and Eastern Europe has high cardiovascular disease mortality but low achievement of LDL-C goals among patients receiving lipid-lowering therapy. The 2019 guidelines are harder to achieve than the 2016 guidelines, highlighting a significant gap between practice and guidelines in lipid management in the region.
Review
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Nedaa Skeik, Meagan E. Nowariak, Jenna E. Smith, Jason Q. Alexander, Jesse M. Manunga, Aleem K. Mirza, Timothy M. Sullivan
Summary: Peripheral artery disease (PAD) poses significant health risks to patients, with statins and PCSK9 inhibitors showing benefits for PAD patients, yet these individuals are often undertreated with lipid-lowering therapies despite guideline recommendations.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Aruna Das Pradhan, Robert J. Glynn, Jean-Charles Fruchart, Jean G. MacFadyen, Elaine S. Zaharris, Brendan M. Everett, Stuart E. Campbell, Ryu Oshima, Pierre Amarenco, Dirk J. Blom, Eliot A. Brinton, Robert H. Eckel, Marshall B. Elam, Joao S. Felicio, Henry N. Ginsberg, Assen Goudev, Shun Ishibashi, Jacob Joseph, Tatsuhiko Kodama, Wolfgang Koenig, Lawrence A. Leiter, Alberto J. Lorenzatti, Boris Mankovsky, Nikolaus Marx, Borge G. Nordestgaard, Denes Pall, Kausik K. Ray, Raul D. Santos, Handrean Soran, Andrey Susekov, Michal Tendera, Koutaro Yokote, Nina P. Paynter, Julie E. Buring, Peter Libby, Paul M. Ridker
Summary: In patients with type 2 diabetes and high triglyceride levels, pemafibrate can reduce triglyceride, VLDL cholesterol, remnant cholesterol, and apolipoprotein C-III levels, but does not lower the incidence of cardiovascular events.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Celeste Witting, Ankita Devareddy, Fatima Rodriguez
Summary: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in women, but cardiovascular risk factors are still underrecognized and undertreated. Hyperlipidemia is a major modifiable risk factor for CVD. Lipid lowering therapy is equally effective in women as it is in men for reducing lipids and cardiovascular risk. In pregnancy, most lipid-lowering agents are avoided due to limited safety data, leading to limited treatment options for pregnant women with hyperlipidemia or cardiovascular disease.
REVIEWS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yeliz Celik, Baran Balcan, Yueksel Peker
Summary: Dyslipidaemia is common in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), but evidence on the lipid-lowering effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in CAD patients with OSA is limited. This study found no significant reduction in lipid levels with CPAP treatment in revascularized CAD patients with OSA. However, an increase in body mass index predicted an increase in triglyceride levels after 12 months.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Nagham N. Hindi, Jamil Alenbawi, Georges Nemer
Summary: The rapid growth of genomic data and lack of appropriate clinical categorization of variants pose challenges to traditional medications. Global sequencing of healthy subjects and studying clustered familial diseases are tools to address this gap. Achieving an interactive genomic map related to drugs can benefit populations worldwide with dyslipidemia risk.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Lluis Masana, Nuria Plana, Natalia Andreychuk, Daiana Ibarretxe
Summary: Statins have played a significant role in preventing atherosclerotic cardiovascular events and deaths by reducing LDL cholesterol levels. International guidelines recommend low LDL cholesterol goals for patients at high cardiovascular risk. However, these goals may not be attainable with statins alone. Recent trials have shown that nonstatin drugs like PCSK9 inhibitors, ezetimibe, bempedoic acid, and icosapent ethyl can also provide cardiovascular benefits. Physicians should use combination therapies based on a patient's risk and LDL cholesterol levels to achieve LDL cholesterol goals and improve cardiovascular outcomes.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ernst J. Schaefer, Hiroaki Ikezaki, Margaret R. Diffenderfer, Elise Lim, Ching -Ti Liu, Ron C. Hoogeveen, Weihua Guan, Michael Y. Tsai, Christie M. Ballantyne
Summary: The study aimed to determine whether direct and calculated sdLDL-C were significant independent ASCVD risk factors in sex and race subgroups. The results showed that both direct and calculated sdLDL-C were significantly associated with ASCVD, but the association was stronger for direct sdLDL-C and not significant for calculated values once direct values were included in the model. Direct sdLDL-C had a significant independent association with incident ASCVD in all subgroups except African Americans.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michael R. R. Duggan, Lauren Butler, Zhongsheng Peng, Gulzar N. N. Daya, Abhay Moghekar, Yang An, Stephen R. R. Rapp, Kathleen M. M. Hayden, Aladdin H. H. Shadyab, Ginny Natale, Longjian Liu, Linda Snetselaar, Ruin Moaddel, Casey M. M. Rebholz, Kevin Sullivan, Christie M. M. Ballantyne, Susan M. M. Resnick, Luigi Ferrucci, Keenan A. A. Walker
Summary: Dysregulation of the immune system and inflammatory dietary patterns may increase the risk for cognitive decline. Proteomic assays of plasma samples identified a group of proteins linked to future cognitive impairment, as well as associations with dementia risk and biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease and neurodegeneration.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Olga A. Gimnich, Tatiana Belousova, Christina M. Short, Addison A. Taylor, Vijay Nambi, Joel D. Morrisett, Christie M. Ballantyne, Jean Bismuth, Dipan J. Shah, Gerd Brunner
Summary: Researchers developed a computational microvascular model to study peripheral artery disease (PAD) using contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging signal intensities. They found significant associations between the model parameters and known markers of PAD patients, as well as significant differences between PAD patients and matched controls.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Xiaoming Jia, Mahmoud Al Rifai, Chiadi E. Ndumele, Salim S. Virani, James A. de Lemos, Emmanuel Lee, Amil M. Shah, Justin B. Echouffo-Tcheugui, Biykem Bozkurt, Ron Hoogeveen, Elizabeth Selvin, Christie M. Ballantyne, Vijay Nambi
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of incorporating cardiac biomarkers in reclassifying heart failure (HF) and assessed the prognosis of HF using these biomarkers. The results showed that approximately 1 in 5 older adults without prevalent HF were reclassified as Stage B HF, and the measurement of cardiac biomarkers can help identify individuals at higher HF risk.
JACC-HEART FAILURE
(2023)
Letter
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yiyi Zhang, Jacqueline S. Dron, Brandon K. Bellows, Amit V. Khera, Junxiu Liu, Pallavi P. Balte, Elizabeth C. Oelsner, Sami Samir Amr, Matthew S. Lebo, Anna Nagy, Gina M. Peloso, Pradeep Natarajan, Jerome I. Rotter, Cristen Willer, Eric Boerwinkle, Christie M. Ballantyne, Pamela L. Lutsey, Myriam Fornage, Donald M. Lloyd-Jones, Lifang Hou, Bruce M. Psaty, Joshua C. Bis, James S. Floyd, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Nancy L. Heard-Costa, April P. Carson, Michael E. Hall, Stephen S. Rich, Xiuqing Guo, Dhruv S. Kazi, Sarah D. de Ferranti, Andrew E. Moran
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Nicolas Girerd, Daniel Levy, Kevin Duarte, Joao Pedro Ferreira, Christie Ballantyne, Timothy Collier, Anne Pizard, Jens Bjoerkman, Javed Butler, Andrew Clark, John G. Cleland, Christian Delles, Javier Diez, Arantxa Gonzalez, Mark Hazebroek, Jennifer Ho, Anne-Cecile Huby, Shih-Jen Hwang, Roberto Latini, Beatrice Mariottoni, Alexandre Mebazaa, Pierpaolo Pellicori, Naveed Sattar, Peter Sever, Jan A. Staessen, Job Verdonschot, Stephane Heymans, Patrick Rossignol, Faiez Zannad
Summary: This study identified protein biomarkers associated with new-onset heart failure in three independent cohorts. The inclusion of these biomarkers in addition to clinical risk factors improved the prediction of heart failure risk. The B-type natriuretic peptide and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide were found to be particularly relevant in predicting heart failure.
CIRCULATION-HEART FAILURE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Suzanne V. Arnold, James A. de Lemos, Luke Zheng, Robert S. Rosenson, Christie M. Ballantyne, Shushama Alam, Deepak L. Bhatt, Christopher P. Cannon, Mikhail Kosiborod, GOULD Investigators
Summary: The study aimed to examine the improvement in the use of optimal medical therapy (OMT) for patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and diabetes. The study found that the use of secondary prevention in US patients with ASCVD and diabetes was suboptimal, with minimal improvement over time.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Paul M. Ridker, Lei Lei, Kausik K. Ray, Christie M. Ballantyne, Gary Bradwin, Nader Rifai
Summary: Bempedoic acid (BA) reduces hsCRP and LDL-C levels in patients with atherosclerotic disease and/or familial hypercholesterolemia. It also shows potential anti-inflammatory effects and has similar lipid-lowering and inflammation-inhibiting properties to statin therapy.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LIPIDOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Christie M. Ballantyne, Mini Grace Varughese, Layla A. Abushamat
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Christie M. Ballantyne, Puja Banka, Gustavo Mendez, Raymundo Garcia, Julio Rosenstock, Anthony Rodgers, Geraldine Mendizabal, Yale Mitchel, Alberico L. Catapano
Summary: MK-0616, an oral PCSK9 inhibitor, effectively reduces LDL-C levels and is well tolerated in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia according to a Phase 2b clinical trial.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Correction
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michael R. Duggan, Lauren Butler, Zhongsheng Peng, Gulzar N. Daya, Abhay Moghekar, Yang An, Stephen R. Rapp, Kathleen M. Hayden, Aladdin H. Shadyab, Ginny Natale, Longjian Liu, Linda Snetselaar, Ruin Moaddel, Casey M. Rebholz, Kevin Sullivan, Christie M. Ballantyne, Susan M. Resnick, Luigi Ferrucci, Keenan A. Walker
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Marina Cuchel, Paul C. Lee, Lisa C. Hudgins, P. Barton Duell, Zahid Ahmad, Seth J. Baum, MacRae F. Linton, Sarah D. de Ferranti, Christie M. Ballantyne, John A. Larry, Linda C. Hemphill, Iris Kindt, Samuel S. Gidding, Seth S. Martin, Patrick M. Moriarty, Paul P. Thompson, James A. Underberg, John R. Guyton, Rolf L. Andersen, David J. Whellan, Irwin Benuck, John P. Kane, Kelly Myers, William Howard, David Staszak, Allison Jamison, Mary C. Card, Mafalda Bourbon, Joana R. Chora, Daniel J. Rader, Joshua W. Knowles, Katherine Wilemon, Mary P. McGowan
Summary: This study investigated the diagnosis and treatment of HoFH in the United States and found a low diagnosis rate and low treatment rate, highlighting the need for enhanced screening and treatment to reduce the burden of the disease.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Brian Olshansky, Deepak L. L. Bhatt, Michael Miller, Ph. Gabriel Steg, Eliot A. A. Brinton, Terry A. A. Jacobson, Steven B. B. Ketchum, Ralph T. T. Doyle Jr, Rebecca A. A. Juliano, Lixia Jiao, Peter R. R. Kowey, James A. A. Reiffel, Jean-Claude Tardif, Christie M. M. Ballantyne, Mina K. K. Chung
Summary: In the REDUCE-IT study, icosapent ethyl (IPE) reduced cardiovascular events but was associated with increased atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter (AF) hospitalization. The study analyzed the relationships between IPE and outcomes in patients with or without prior AF and with or without in-study AF hospitalization. Overall, in-study AF hospitalization rates were higher in patients with prior AF, especially in those randomized to IPE. Serious bleeding rates also trended higher in these patients. However, patients with prior AF or in-study AF hospitalization showed consistent risk reductions in cardiovascular events with IPE.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Xiaoming Jia, Mahmoud Al Rifai, Ron Hoogeveen, Justin B. Echouffo-Tcheugui, Amil M. M. Shah, Chiadi E. Ndumele, Salim S. Virani, Biykem Bozkurt, Elizabeth Selvin, Christie M. Ballantyne, Vijay Nambi
Summary: This study assessed the association between change in NT-proBNP and the risk for incident heart failure and death. The results showed that change in NT-proBNP was positively correlated with the risk of heart failure and death. Additionally, changes in blood pressure, cholesterol, triglyceride levels, body mass index, and estimated glomerular filtration rate were associated with change in NT-proBNP.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Austin Deets, Parag H. Joshi, Alvin Chandra, Kavisha Singh, Amit Khera, Salim S. Virani, Christie M. Ballantyne, James D. Otvos, Robin P. F. Dullaart, Eke G. Gruppen, Margery A. Connelly, Colby Ayers, Ann Marie Navar, Ambarish Pandey, John T. Wilkins, Anand Rohatgi
Summary: This study aimed to assess the association between levels of specific size-based HDL subspecies and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, and investigate their role in risk prediction.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)