Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Aguilar-Ballester, Gema Hurtado-Genoves, Alida Taberner-Cortes, Andrea Herrero-Cervera, Sergio Martinez-Hervas, Herminia Gonzalez-Navarro
Summary: Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of death worldwide, with cardiometabolic risk playing a crucial role in treatment. The control of cardiometabolic risk has become a major goal in many studies. Emerging cardiometabolic therapies show promising potential in reducing the burden of cardiovascular disease.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Subodh Verma, Nitish K. Dhingra, Javed Butler, Stefan D. Anker, Joao Pedro Ferreira, Gerasimos Filippatos, James L. Januzzi, Carolyn S. P. Lam, Naveed Sattar, Barbara Peil, Matias Nordaby, Martina Brueckmann, Stuart J. Pocock, Faiez Zannad, Milton Packer
Summary: This study analyzed the efficacy and safety of empagliflozin in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction in addition to background foundational treatments. The results showed that empagliflozin reduced the risk of cardiovascular death and heart failure hospitalization, as well as total heart failure hospital admissions, regardless of background therapy or medication doses. Empagliflozin was well tolerated across all subgroups of patients.
LANCET DIABETES & ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Li Fang, Guangpu Li, Jingjing Ren, Jiayu Duan, Jiancheng Dong, Zhangsuo Liu
Summary: In this real-world study, the use of SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with diabetic kidney disease was analyzed. The study found that the number and proportion of patients using SGLT2 inhibitors increased from 2017 to 2020. Most patients using SGLT2 inhibitors were also taking other glucose-lowering agents. The study revealed that patients using SGLT2 inhibitors were generally younger, had higher BMI and HbA1c levels, preserved kidney function, and were also using ACEI/ARB and statins.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Elena C. Vasti, Marina Basina, Jamie Calma, David J. Maron, Fatima Rodriguez, Alexander T. Sandhu
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the use of SGLT2i and GLP1a across socioeconomic strata, medical risk, and provider type. The study found that patients with heart failure had a lower likelihood of being prescribed these medications, as did Black, Hispanic, and Asian patients. Prescription rates were higher among patients treated by an endocrinologist compared to primary care clinicians.
DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Eileen O'Meara, Subodh Verma
Summary: SGLT2 inhibitors play a crucial role in preventing heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes, showing significant benefits in reducing hospitalizations and cardiovascular mortality in patients with HF and reduced ejection fraction. These benefits are observed regardless of diabetes status, on top of background HF therapy, without increase in adverse events of interest.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Panagiota Efstathia Nikolaou, Panagiotis Efentakis, Fairouz Abu Qourah, Saveria Femmino, Manousos Makridakis, Zoi Kanaki, Aimilia Varela, Maria Tsoumani, Constantinos H. Davos, Constantinos A. Dimitriou, Androniki Tasouli, George Dimitriadis, Nikolaos Kostomitsopoulos, Coert J. Zuurbier, Antonia Vlahou, Apostolos Klinakis, Maria F. Brizzi, Efstathios K. Iliodromitis, Ioanna Andreadou
Summary: Chronic administration of empagliflozin reduces infarct size in healthy mice through the STAT-3 pathway and increases the survival of endothelial cells, independently of diabetes mellitus.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Piotr Londzin, Agata Brudnowska, Katarzyna Kurkowska, Katarzyna Wilk, Karolina Olszewska, Lukasz Ziembinski, Aleksandra Janas, Urszula Cegiela, Joanna Folwarczna
Summary: SGLT2 inhibitors have an adverse effect on the skeletal system of healthy rats, causing disorders in cancellous bone microarchitecture and worsening of bone mechanical properties.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Dermatology
S. H. Ma, C. Y. Wu, Y. S. Lyu, Y. J. Chou, Y. T. Chang, C. Y. Wu
Summary: This study found that the use of SGLT2 inhibitors is not associated with an increased risk of bullous pemphigoid (BP) in patients with diabetes. Age, renal disease, cerebrovascular disease, epilepsy, DPP4 inhibitor usage, and insulin usage were significant risk factors for BP. SGLT2 inhibitors may be a safe choice for patients with diabetes who have additional risk factors or a history of BP.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY AND VENEREOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Lucia Scisciola, Fatemeh Taktaz, Rosaria Anna Fontanella, Ada Pesapane, Surina, Vittoria Cataldo, Puja Ghosh, Martina Franzese, Armando Puocci, Pasquale Paolisso, Concetta Rafaniello, Raffaele Marfella, Maria Rosaria Rizzo, Emanuele Barbato, Marc Vanderheyden, Michelangela Barbieri
Summary: This study aimed to investigate whether SGLT2 inhibitors can induce protective effects at the cardiovascular level by acting on DNA methylation. The results showed that SGLT2 inhibitors can prevent DNA methylation changes induced by high glucose, providing evidence of a new mechanism for their cardio-beneficial effects.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Qiming Tan, Seun E. Akindehin, Camila E. Orsso, Richelle C. Waldner, Richard D. DiMarchi, Timo D. Mueller, Andrea M. Haqq
Summary: GLP-1 has been extensively studied as a therapeutic target for obesity and type 2 diabetes. Improvement in the pharmacokinetic profile of GLP-1R agonists and the recent clinical success of GIPR agonists have opened up new possibilities for the treatment of obesity and diabetes.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jasna Klen, Vita Dolzan
Summary: SGLT2 inhibitors are a new class of antihyperglycaemic drugs that have shown efficacy in the management of type 2 diabetes, but individual response to treatment may vary and there is a lack of good predictors. Therefore, pharmacogenetic information could help in choosing the most beneficial treatment strategy for individual patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Annamaria Mascolo, Concetta Rafaniello, Gabriella di Mauro, Donatella Ruggiero, Maria Rosaria Campitiello, Maria Donniacuo, Pasquale Maria Berrino, Francesco Rossi, Giuseppe Paolisso, Annalisa Capuano
Summary: This study investigated the reporting probability of falls and fractures associated with SGLT2 inhibitors compared to DPP4 inhibitors. The results showed that SGLT2 inhibitors were associated with a lower reporting probability of falls, in line with the safety profile of these drugs.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Mahmoud Ismayl, Muhannad Aboud Abbasi, Abdullah Al-Abcha, Edward El-Am, Scott Lundgren, Andrew M. Goldsweig, Nandan S. Anavekar
Summary: SGLT2 inhibitors reduce the risk of HF hospitalizations and cardiovascular mortality in HF patients with LVEF >40%, but not in younger patients, racial minorities, and patients from Asia.
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Lucia Scisciola, Fabiola Olivieri, Concetta Ambrosino, Michelangela Barbieri, Maria Rosaria Rizzo, Giuseppe Paolisso
Summary: SGLT2 inhibitors, commonly used to treat type 2 diabetes, have the potential to be used as anti-aging drugs. They can modulate pathways associated with the aging process and mitigate the harmful effects of inflammaging, the main risk factor for accelerated aging and age-related diseases. Though promising, further cellular and clinical investigations are needed to validate the anti-aging effects of SGLT2 inhibitors.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Marco Canepa, Pietro Ameri, Mitja Lainscak
Summary: This article provides an in-depth analysis of the effects of dapagliflozin in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEART FAILURE
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jack A. Sargeant, James A. King, Thomas Yates, Emma L. Redman, Danielle H. Bodicoat, Sudesna Chatterjee, Charlotte L. Edwardson, Laura J. Gray, Benoit Poulin, Ghazala Waheed, Helen L. Waller, David R. Webb, Scott A. Willis, John P. H. Wilding, Kamlesh Khunti, David J. Stensel, Melanie J. Davies
Summary: This study assessed the impact of the SGLT-2 inhibitor empagliflozin and dietary energy restriction on appetite-regulatory gut peptides in patients with T2D and overweight or obesity. The results showed that empagliflozin therapy did not have a significant effect on appetite-regulatory peptides.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
John P. H. Wilding, Rachel L. Batterham, Melanie Davies, Luc F. Van Gaal, Kristian Kandler, Katerina Konakli, Ildiko Lingvay, Barbara M. McGowan, Tugce Kalayci Oral, Julio Rosenstock, Thomas A. Wadden, Sean Wharton, Koutaro Yokote, Robert F. Kushner
Summary: One year after withdrawal of once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 2.4 mg and lifestyle intervention, participants regained two-thirds of their prior weight loss, with similar changes in cardiometabolic variables. Findings confirm the chronicity of obesity and suggest ongoing treatment is required to maintain improvements in weight and health.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Review
Rehabilitation
Jennifer D. James, Wendy Hardeman, Mark Goodall, Helen Eborall, Victoria S. Sprung, Laura J. Bonnett, John P. H. Wilding
Summary: This study identified interventions that can facilitate changes in physical activity and sedentary behavior in patients who have undergone bariatric surgery. However, the description of intervention and control conditions was not always well-defined.
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Kent Buse, John Wilding, Maria Bryant, Jason C. G. Halford, Johanna Ralston
BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
John P. H. Wilding, Marc Evans, Kevin Fernando, Jose Luis Gorriz, Ana Cebrian, Jane Diggle, Debbie Hicks, June James, Philip Newland-Jones, Amar Ali, Stephen Bain, Andrea Da Porto, Dipesh Patel, Adie Viljoen, David C. Wheeler, Stefano Del Prato
Summary: SGLT2 inhibitors have shown benefits beyond glucose-lowering efficacy in the treatment of Type 2 diabetes, including prevention of cardiorenal events. However, their usage is suboptimal among high-risk individuals, and the COVID-19 pandemic has added financial pressures to healthcare systems. Prioritizing glycemic control is crucial in the era of COVID-19.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rena Pollack, Itamar Raz, Stephen D. Wiviott, Erica L. Goodrich, Sabina A. Murphy, Ilan Yanuv, Aliza Rozenberg, Ofri Mosenzon, Anna Maria Langkilde, Ingrid A. M. Gause-Nilsson, Deepak L. Bhatt, Lawrence A. Leiter, Darren K. McGuire, John P. H. Wilding, Marc S. Sabatine, Avivit Cahn
Summary: This study explored the cardiorenal benefits of adding SGLT2 inhibitor therapy for patients on insulin. The results showed that dapagliflozin reduced cardiovascular and renal risks and had no significant impact on insulin dose and regimen.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jennifer L. Miller, Evelien Gevers, Nicola Bridges, Jack A. Yanovski, Parisa Salehi, Kathryn S. Obrynba, Eric Felner, Lynne M. Bird, Ashley H. Shoemaker, Moris Angulo, Merlin G. Butler, David Stevenson, Jennifer Abuzzahab, Timothy Barrett, Melissa Lah, Elizabeth Littlejohn, Verghese Mathew, Neil M. Cowen, Anish Bhatnagar
Summary: Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare neurobehavioral-metabolic disease caused by the lack of paternally expressed genes. A study found that DCCR can significantly improve severe hyperphagia symptoms and has positive effects on body composition and clinical outcomes.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
JingJing Zhu, John P. H. Wilding, Ji Hu
Summary: Research suggests that adipocytes in obesity may contribute to SARS-CoV-2 replication, as it is only found in adipose tissue of overweight or obese individuals who died from COVID-19, not lean individuals. The hypothesis is that adipocytes impair host immune defense against viral infection and facilitate SARS-CoV-2 entry, replication, and assembly as a reservoir. This could be mediated by the virus hijacking abnormal lipid metabolism in adipocytes. If confirmed, targeting abnormal lipid metabolism in adipocytes and other host cells could be a potential approach for COVID-19 treatment in people with obesity.
MEDICAL HYPOTHESES
(2023)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Oliver Schnell, Tadej Battelino, Richard Bergenstal, Andreas L. Birkenfeld, Antonio Ceriello, Alice Cheng, Melanie Davies, Steve Edelman, Thomas Forst, Francesco Giorgino, Jennifer Green, Per-Henrik Groop, Samy Hadjadj, Hiddo J. L. Heerspink, Marcus Hompesch, Baruch Izthak, Linong Ji, Naresh Kanumilli, Boris Mankovsky, Chantal Mathieu, Martin Miszon, Reem Mustafa, Michael Nauck, Roberto Pecoits-Filho, Jeremy Pettus, Kari Ranta, Helena W. Rodbard, Peter Rossing, Lars Ryden, Petra-Maria Schumm-Draeger, Scott D. Solomon, Jan Skrha, Pinar Topsever, Tina Vilsboll, John Wilding, Eberhard Standl
Summary: The 8th Cardiovascular Outcome Trial (CVOT) Summit focused on discussing and exchanging recently completed outcomes trials and key trials important to the cardiovascular field. Topics included the results of trials on heart failure, chronic kidney disease, and obesity, as well as consensus recommendations and guideline updates on diabetes and CKD management. The impact of cardiovascular outcomes on liver disease trials and the role of real-world evidence in confirming trial outcomes were also discussed. The 9th CVOT Summit will be held virtually on November 23-24, 2023.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Matthias Blueher, Mohini Aras, Louis J. Aronne, Rachel L. Batterham, Francesco Giorgino, Linong Ji, Kirsi H. Pietilainen, Oliver Schnell, Elena Tonchevska, John P. H. Wilding
Summary: Obesity is a chronic disease with increasing prevalence worldwide and is associated with various health risks. The treatment of obesity includes behavioral interventions, pharmacotherapy, and bariatric surgery, but long-term weight maintenance is challenging. Recent advances in understanding the pathophysiology of obesity have led to the development of novel and effective therapies, such as semaglutide and tirzepatide, which have shown promising weight loss effects and improvement in cardiometabolic risk factors. These new agents may bridge the gap between traditional treatments and achieve better outcomes in obesity management.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Meir Schechter, Stephen Wiviott, Itamar Raz, Erica L. Goodrich, Aliza Rozenberg, Ilan Yanuv, Sabina A. Murphy, Thomas A. Zelniker, Martin Fredriksson, Peter A. Johansson, Lawrence A. Leiter, Deepak L. Bhatt, Darren K. McGuire, John P. H. Wilding, Ingrid A. M. Gause-Nilsson, Avivit Cahn, Anna Maria Langkilde, Marc S. Sabatine, Ofri Mosenzon
Summary: The SGLT2 inhibitor, dapagliflozin, reduces the risk of hospitalisations for any cause in people with type 2 diabetes, irrespective of the presence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. This finding has implications for the quality of life and healthcare costs for individuals with type 2 diabetes.
LANCET DIABETES & ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Thomas A. Zelniker, Stephen D. Wiviott, Ofri Mosenzon, Erica L. Goodrich, Petr Jarolim, Avivit Cahn, Deepak L. Bhatt, Lawrence A. Leiter, Darren K. McGuire, John Wilding, Oleg Averkov, Andrzej Budaj, Alexander Parkhomenko, Kausik K. Ray, Ingrid Gause-Nilsson, Anna Maria Langkilde, Martin Fredriksson, Itamar Raz, Marc S. Sabatine, David A. Morrow
Summary: By analyzing data from the DECLARE-TIMI 58 trial, researchers found that levels of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hsTnT) can help identify patients with type 2 diabetes who are at higher risk and may benefit more from dapagliflozin in reducing the occurrence of atherosclerotic events. By analyzing the levels of these two biomarkers, the study found that they can help identify high-risk patients who would benefit from dapagliflozin treatment and reduce the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE).
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Surya Panicker Rajeev, Carl Alexander Roberts, Emily Brown, Victoria S. Sprung, Jo A. Harrold, Jason C. G. Halford, Andrej Stancak, Emma J. Boyland, Graham J. Kemp, Julie Perry, Elaine Howarth, Richard Jackson, Andrew Wiemken, Richard Schwab, Daniel J. Cuthbertson, John P. H. Wilding
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of dapagliflozin on food intake, eating behavior, energy expenditure, brain response to food cues, and body composition in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The results showed that dapagliflozin reduced glycated hemoglobin and body weight, but did not affect food intake or energy expenditure.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Letter
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ahmed A. Kolkailah, Stephen D. Wiviott, Itamar Raz, Sabina A. Murphy, Ofri Mosenzon, Deepak L. Bhatt, Lawrence A. Leiter, John P. H. Wilding, Ingrid Gause-Nilsson, Marc S. Sabatine, Darren K. McGuire
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Avivit Cahn, Stephen D. Wiviott, Ofri Mosenzon, Erica L. Goodrich, Sabina A. Murphy, Ilan Yanuv, Aliza Rozenberg, Deepak L. Bhatt, Lawrence A. Leiter, Darren K. McGuire, John P. H. Wilding, Ingrid A. M. Gause-Nilsson, Anna Maria Langkilde, Marc S. Sabatine, Itamar Raz
Summary: Higher baseline HbA(1c) levels are associated with increased risks of cardiovascular and renal outcomes, particularly in the population with multiple risk factors (MRF). However, dapagliflozin showed benefits in reducing the risk of cardiovascular death/HHF, HHF, and cardiorenal outcomes across all subgroups regardless of baseline HbA(1c) levels.