Journal
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Volume 52, Issue 6, Pages 1022-1062Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/10643389.2020.1847949
Keywords
Industrial waste; resource recovery; acid leaching
Categories
Funding
- Research Council, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka [ASP/01/RE/SCI/2017/82]
- Hydrogen Energy Innovation Technology Development Program of the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Korean government (Ministry of Science and ICT(MSIT)) [NRF-2019M3E6A1064197]
- Korea University
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Hydrometallurgical approaches have the potential for metal recovery from industrial sludge, but a comprehensive review in this field is lacking. This review discusses the capabilities of hydrometallurgical techniques and recent scientific findings, emphasizing the need for more efficient and environmentally-friendly methods in future research.
Hydrometallurgical approaches have been successfully employed for metal separation and recovery from various types of waste materials. Therefore, hydrometallurgy is a promising technology for metal recovery and the removal of potentially toxic heavy metals found in industrial sludge. However, a comprehensive review that focuses on the heavy metal recovery from industrial sludge using hydrometallurgical approaches has not been conducted in the recent past. The present review discusses the capacity of hydrometallurgical techniques in recovering heavy metals sourced from different types of industrial sludges, highlighting recent scientific findings. Hydrometallurgical approaches primarily consist of three process stages: metal dissolution, concentration and purification, and metal recovery. The chemical characteristics of industrial sludge, including the type, concentration and speciation of heavy metals, directly impact selection of the best recovery method. Solvent extraction, ion-exchange, and adsorption are the major techniques employed in concentration and purification, whereas electrodeposition and precipitation are the main methods used in metals recovery. Future research should focus on the development of more efficient and environmentally-friendly methods for metal dissolution from industrial sludges contaminated with multiple metals, while increasing selectivity and energy use efficiency in the concentration and purification, and recovery steps.
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