Frontotemporal EEG to guide sedation in COVID-19 related acute respiratory distress syndrome

Objective: To study if limited frontotemporal electroencephalogram (EEG) can guide sedation changes in highly infectious novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients receiving neuromuscular blocking agent. Methods: 98 days of continuous frontotemporal EEG from 11 consecutive patients was evaluated daily by an epileptologist to recommend reduction or maintenance of the sedative level. We evaluated the need to increase sedation in the 6 h following this recommendation. Post-hoc analysis of the quantitative EEG was correlated with the level of sedation using a machine learning algorithm. Results: Eleven patients were studied for a total of ninety-eight sedation days. EEG was consistent with excessive sedation on 57 (58%) and adequate sedation on 41 days (42%). Recommendations were followed by the team on 59% (N = 58; 19 to reduce and 39 to keep the sedation level). In the 6 h following reduction in sedation, increases of sedation were needed in 7 (12%). Automatized classification of EEG sedation levels reached 80% (+/- 17%) accuracy. Conclusions: Visual inspection of a limited EEG helped sedation depth guidance. In a secondary analysis, our data supported that this determination may be automated using quantitative EEG analysis. Significance: Our results support the use of frontotemporal EEG for guiding sedation in patients with COVID-19. (C) 2021 International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

The study investigated if limited frontotemporal EEG can guide sedation changes in COVID-19 patients receiving neuromuscular blocking agent. Results showed that EEG can assist in adjusting sedation levels, and a machine learning algorithm achieved a certain level of accuracy in automatically classifying sedation levels.