Implant-derived CoCrMo alloy nanoparticle disrupts DNA replication dynamics in neuronal cells

The complexity of cobalt-chromium-molybdenum (CoCrMo) nanoparticles generated from the hip modular taper interfaces resulted in inconclusive outcomes on the level of toxicity in orthopedic patients. We used a hip simulator to generate physiologically relevant CoCrMo degradation products (DPs) to demonstrate the variation in the level of toxicity in neurons in comparison to processed degradation products (PDPs). The study outcomes indicate that DP induces a higher level of DNA damage in the form of double- and single-stranded DNA breaks and alkaline labile DNA adducts versus PDPs. The scientific advancements of this study are the following: (i) how DPs mimic more closely to the implant debris from hip implants in terms of bioactivity, (ii) how hip implant debris causes local and systemic issues, and (iii) methods to augment the biologic impact of implant debris. We discovered that DP is bioactive compared with PDP, and this should be considered in the toxicity evaluation related to implants.

Automated summary

The study explored the toxicity level of CoCrMo nanoparticles in orthopedic patients, showing that degradation products induce higher levels of DNA damage compared to processed degradation products. The findings suggest that implant debris can cause local and systemic issues, and methods to enhance the biological impact of implant debris were discussed. It was discovered that degradation products are more bioactive than processed degradation products, highlighting the importance of considering this in implant-related toxicity evaluations.