Journal
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-REVIEWS ON CANCER
Volume 1875, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188501
Keywords
snoRNA; Epigenetics; Breast cancer; snoRNA host gene; Diagnosis; Prognosis
Categories
Funding
- Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India [EMR/2016/002314]
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snoRNAs play a critical role in regulating miRNA expression and their dysregulation is associated with breast cancer. Measuring snoRNA levels could be informative for the diagnosis and prognosis of breast cancer.
Small Nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are known for their canonical functions, including ribosome biogenesis and RNA modification. snoRNAs act as endogenous sponges that regulate miRNA expression. Thus, precise snoRNA expression is critical for fine-tuning miRNA expression. snoRNAs processed into miRNA-like sequences play a crucial role in regulating the expression of protein-coding genes similar to that of miRNAs. Recent studies have linked snoRNA deregulation to breast cancer (BC). Inappropriate snoRNA expression contributes to BC pathology by facilitating breast cells to acquire cancer hallmarks. Since snoRNAs show significant differential expression in normal and cancer conditions, measuring snoRNA levels could be useful for BC prognosis and diagnosis. The present article provides a comprehensive overview of the role of snoRNAs in breast cancer pathology. More specifically, we have discussed the regulation, biological function, signaling pathways, and clinical utility of abnormally expressed snoRNAs in BC. Besides, we have also discussed the role of snoRNA host genes in breast tumorigenesis and emerging and future research directions in the field of snoRNA and cancer.
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