Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Johan Rockstroem, Albert V. Norstrom, Nathanial Matthews, Reinette (Oonsie) Biggs, Carl Folke, Ameil Harikishun, Saleemul Huq, Nisha Krishnan, Lila Warszawski, Deon Nel
Summary: Science defines resilience as the ability to live and develop with change and uncertainty, going beyond just bouncing back to the status quo. It involves absorbing shocks, avoiding tipping points, navigating surprises, and remaining innovative and transformative in crises. The latest science calls for aligning resilience thinking with sustainable development, highlighting a mismatch with the talk of post-COVID-19 resilience recovery.
NATURE SUSTAINABILITY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Michele J. Gelfand, Joshua Conrad Jackson, Xinyue Pan, Dana Nau, Dylan Pieper, Emmy Denison, Munqith Dagher, Paul A. M. Van Lange, Chi-Yue Chiu, Mo Wang
Summary: The study found that by October 2020, countries with high cultural looseness were estimated to have higher numbers of COVID-19 cases and deaths compared to countries with high cultural tightness. Furthermore, the evolutionary game theoretic model suggested that tight groups cooperate faster under threat and have higher survival rates.
LANCET PLANETARY HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Karolin Schmidt, Hannah Wallis, Theresa Sieverding, Ellen Matthies
Summary: This study examined the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and its restrictions on climate-friendly food consumption in Germany. The findings showed that there were several COVID-19-related changes towards more climate-friendly food consumption, both during and potentially after the pandemic. Additionally, personal climate-protection norms were found to be important moderating factors of these short- and long-term behavioral changes.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Maria L. Loureiro, Maria Allo
Summary: The transmission of information about climate change is influenced by socio-economic factors, with the COVID-19 pandemic significantly reducing the overall number of messages written about climate change, particularly in some vulnerable countries.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & POLICY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Scott E. Bokemper, Gregory A. Huber, Erin K. James, Alan S. Gerber, Saad B. Omer
Summary: Through two randomized experiments, the study found that reframing social distancing as recklessness instead of bravery and highlighting the need for individuals to take action to protect each other were the most effective messages in increasing people's beliefs and intentions related to social distancing. These findings are crucial for developing effective public health campaigns.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Isamu Okada, Itaru Yanagi, Yoshiaki Kubo, Hirokazu Kikuchi
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the impact of information stimuli on citizens' behavioral changes and finds that descriptive information plays a dominant role in driving behavioral changes, with no synergistic effects between multiple information stimuli. Additionally, the effects of injunctive and descriptive information vary depending on participants' risk perception, age, and trust in experts.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Avinash Collis, Kiran Garimella, Alex Moehring, M. Amin Rahimian, Stella Babalola, Nina H. Gobat, Dominick Shattuck, Jeni Stolow, Sinan Aral, Dean Eckles
Summary: Understanding people's baseline beliefs, behaviors, and norms is crucial for policy and communication responses to COVID-19. The authors conducted a global survey in 67 countries, with over 2 million responses, providing insights into these areas. This survey resource can facilitate research in public health, communication, and economic policy.
NATURE HUMAN BEHAVIOUR
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
David March, Kristian Metcalfe, Joaquin Tintore, Brendan J. Godley
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly reduced marine traffic globally, with passenger vessels experiencing more pronounced decreases. These changes peaked in April, but the recovery rates and long-term variations varied across different regions.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nathaniel Rabb, Jake Bowers, David Glick, Kevin H. Wilson, David Yokum
Summary: The perception of social norms regarding vaccination is strongly related to individuals' vaccination intentions, with the relationship becoming weaker as the social group being queried grows larger and more heterogeneous. The relationship is stronger among Republicans for copartisans, but undetectable for Democrats. Furthermore, intentions do not cause perceived social norms. This study has implications for public health policy and understanding social norms.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Giorgia Gon, Aron Szekely, Hattie Lowe, Marco Tosi
Summary: This study investigates hand hygiene social norms among healthcare workers and examines their predictors, as well as the potential impact of COVID-19 on these norms. The findings indicate that healthcare workers have strong social expectations, personal beliefs, punishment, and rewards regarding hand hygiene. The study also shows variations in social expectations across different occupations and age groups, with doctors having lower social expectations compared to nurses/midwives. Furthermore, the study suggests that social expectations increased during the COVID-19 pandemic.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Marion de Vries, Liesbeth Claassen, Mattijs Lambooij, Ka Yin Leung, Kees Boersma, Aura Timen
Summary: This study examined COVID-19 vaccination intentions and various beliefs among residents of the Netherlands, finding that the strongest determinant of vaccination intentions is the belief that the COVID-19 crisis will only end if many people get vaccinated. Other strong determinants include beliefs about vaccine safety, (social) benefits of vaccination, social norms, and vaccine effectiveness. The study suggests addressing these specific beliefs in communications to stimulate vaccine uptake.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ryan Baxter-King, Jacob R. Brown, Ryan D. Enos, Arash Naeim, Lynn Vavreck
Summary: The adoption of prosocial behavior, specifically mask-wearing, is influenced by the local partisan composition, with Republicans being less likely to wear masks in public as the share of Republicans in their zip codes increases. However, this partisan context does not affect Democratic mask-wearing. These effects are distinct from other contextual factors and do not extend to non-politicized behaviors.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Thijs Bouman, Linda Steg, Thomas Dietz
Summary: The authors discuss the contrasting responses to the COVID-19 crisis and climate and sustainability challenges, highlighting the importance of strong personal norms. They suggest that the rapid and forceful public responses to COVID-19 may have been driven by a sense of moral obligation and responsibility. By examining what aspects of COVID-19 engaged personal norms and how these dynamics can be applied to global environmental crises, lessons can be learned to promote mitigation efforts.
NATURE SUSTAINABILITY
(2021)
Letter
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Fariha Sohil, Muhammad Umair Sohail
Summary: In the current pandemic, global consensus among all stakeholders is crucial for success against COVID-19. Discrimination towards COVID-19 vaccines from the world's leading stakeholders in recent months has resulted in instability in the acceptance of these vaccines.
HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jason Abaluck, Laura H. Kwong, Ashley Styczynski, Ashraful Haque, Md Alamgir Kabir, Ellen Bates-Jefferys, Emily Crawford, Jade Benjamin-Chung, Shabib Raihan, Shadman Rahman, Salim Benhachmi, Neeti Zaman Bintee, Peter J. Winch, Maqsud Hossain, Hasan Mahmud Reza, Abdullah All Jaber, Shawkee Gulshan Momen, Aura Rahman, Faika Laz Banti, Tahrima Saiha Huq, Stephen P. Luby, Ahmed Mushfiq Mobarak
Summary: A cluster-randomized trial in rural Bangladesh found that distributing masks and promoting their use can effectively reduce symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections, with a significant increase in proper mask-wearing and a decrease in the prevalence of infection, especially among adults aged 60 and above.
Article
Ecology
Dorsaf Kerfahi, Ben P. Harvey, Hyoki Kim, Ying Yang, Jonathan M. Adams, Jason M. Hall-Spencer
Summary: Plastics are accumulating and ocean waters are acidifying due to increased CO2. The metagenomic analysis of biofilms on plastic bottles in subtidal waters off Japan revealed significant changes in both the functional and taxonomic composition of the plastisphere, particularly the diatom group. These findings have potential implications for ocean ecology.
Article
Ecology
D. J. B. Swanborn, V. A. Huvenne, S. J. Pittman, A. D. Rogers, M. L. Taylor, L. C. Woodall
Summary: This study maps, quantifies, and compares the spatial heterogeneity of seamounts, revealing quantitative differences in seascape composition and configuration. The findings have important implications for understanding and managing the ecological functioning of seamounts.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Ori Frid, Shahar Malamud, Antonio Di Franco, Paolo Guidetti, Ernesto Azzurro, Joachim Claudet, Fiorenza Micheli, Ruth Yahel, Enric Sala, Jonathan Belmaker
Summary: The positive effect of fully protected marine protected areas (MPAs) on marine biodiversity, and specifically on fishes, has been widely documented. The potential of MPAs to mitigate the impact of adverse climatic conditions has seldom been investigated. This study assessed the effectiveness of MPAs in increasing fish biomass across the Mediterranean Sea and found that while MPAs did increase fish biomass, higher seawater temperatures were associated with decreased fish biomass. Importantly, the rate of decrease in fish biomass with temperature was similar between protected and fished sites.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Ecology
Robert Blasiak, Jean-Baptiste Jouffray, Diva J. J. Amon, Joachim Claudet, Paul Dunshirn, Peter Sogaard Jorgensen, Agnes Pranindita, Colette C. C. Wabnitz, Erik Zhivkoplias, Henrik Oesterblom
NATURE ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Studies
Alex Driedger, Jennifer Sletten, Claire Colegrove, Timothe Vincent, Virgil Zetterlind, Joachim Claudet, Barbara Horta e Costa
Summary: Strong human use regulations are crucial for the effectiveness of marine protected areas (MPAs). In this study, the authors explore the classification of MPAs based on their protection levels using the regulation-based classification system (RBCS). They found that using readily available information and contextual indicators can reliably identify fully and highly protected areas, even in the absence of complete regulatory information.
Review
Biodiversity Conservation
Almut Arneth, Paul Leadley, Joachim Claudet, Marta Coll, Carlo Rondinini, Mark D. A. Rounsevell, Yunne-Jai Shin, Peter Alexander, Richard Fuchs
Summary: The spatial extent of protected areas (PAs) is a highly debated issue in the decision-making process of the post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework. Despite efforts to protect land and oceans, biodiversity loss remains a challenge. While expanding PAs to 30% may have benefits for biodiversity and climate, it is crucial to consider the effectiveness of PAs and potential trade-offs with food production.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Joachim Claudet, Cassandra M. Brooks, Robert Blasiak
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Andrea Radici, Joachim Claudet, Alessandro Ligas, Isabella Bitetto, Giuseppe Lembo, Maria Teresa Spedicato, Paolo Sartor, Carlo Piccardi, Paco Melia
Summary: Sustainable management of living resources requires balancing biodiversity conservation and socioeconomic viability of human activities. In the case of fisheries, the complex interactions between fish and fisheries make sustainable management design challenging. Researchers have developed a comprehensive metapopulation framework that integrates data on species life-history traits, connectivity, and habitat distribution to identify priority areas for fishing regulation and assess the spatial distribution of management impacts.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Charlotte Seve, Mokrane Belharet, Paco Melia, Antonio Di Franco, Antonio Calo, Joachim Claudet
Summary: This study assesses the effects of different management policies on conservation and fisheries outcomes using a model. The results show that spatial management is more effective than nonspatial management, and conservation and fisheries outcomes increase with increasing levels of protection. Areas connected through larval dispersal between MPAs have higher fisheries outcomes, but catch increases are preceded by a short-term decrease.
CONSERVATION LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Carole Sylvie Campagne, Laurie-Anne Roy, Joseph Langridge, Joachim Claudet, Remi Mongruel, Damien Beillouin, Eric Thiebaut
Summary: This study constructed a systematic map to summarize the existing literature on how changes in marine ecosystems influence the provision of marine ecosystem services (ES). The findings showed that the most studied ecosystems were pelagic ecosystems on continental shelves and intertidal ecosystems, and food provision was the major focus of ES articles across all types of marine ecosystems.
ENVIRONMENTAL EVIDENCE
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Mairi C. Meehan, Gerald G. Singh, Natalie C. Ban, Rodolphe Devillers, Joachim Claudet
Summary: This article explores the role of Marine Protected Area Networks (MPANs) in protecting biodiversity and contributing to sustainable development, emphasizing the importance of considering ecological, economic, governance, and social dimensions in MPAN design, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation. The study found that most MPANs have multiple co-occurring, potentially conflicting objectives. MPANs with both biodiversity and societal objectives consider attributes across all dimensions more frequently than those with only biodiversity objectives. However, ecological attributes are always perceived as important regardless of the MPAN objective. Overlooking dimensions in MPAN evaluations can hinder achieving synergies between the multiple dimensions. Identifying important attributes considered in MPANs can enhance the practice of MPAN design, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation and improve MPAN success.
CONSERVATION SCIENCE AND PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Studies
Julie M. Reimer, Rodolphe Devillers, Brice Trouillet, Natalie C. Ban, Tundi Agardy, Joachim Claudet
Summary: Marine spatial planning (MSP) often prioritizes blue growth objectives over biodiversity conservation, but this study suggests the concept of conservation ready MSP, where plans are designed to integrate conservation in MSP to support sustained ocean use. Qualitative document analysis identified five themes, reflecting conservation in MSP from weak to strong inclusion. The analysis suggests that while some plans appear more prepared to integrate conservation, overall the prioritization of managing impacts and conservation in MSP is less apparent.
Article
Environmental Studies
Loana Garraud, Jennifer Beckensteiner, Olivier Thebaud, Joachim Claudet
Summary: As marine conservation coverage expands, tensions with fishing activities increase. Establishing fully protected areas (FPAs) has been challenging due to short-term costs, economic limitations, and resource constraints. By using an ecolabel approach, the costs endured by fishers when implementing FPAs can be balanced, leading to increased profits and incentives for sustainable fishing practices. This paves the way for transformative changes towards fisheries sustainability.
EARTH SYSTEM GOVERNANCE
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Christopher M. Free, Joshua G. Smith, Cori J. Lopazanski, Julien Brun, Tessa B. Francis, Jacob G. Eurich, Joachim Claudet, Jenifer E. Dugan, David A. Gill, Scott L. Hamilton, Kristin Kaschner, David Mouillot, Shelby L. Ziegler, Jennifer E. Caselle, Kerry J. Nickols
Summary: Calls for using marine protected areas (MPAs) to achieve goals for nature and people are increasing globally. This study examines human engagement in California's MPA network and identifies traits associated with higher engagement. The results suggest that increasing access to coastal MPAs and locating new MPAs near existing amenities can promote human engagement.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
David A. Gill, Jessica Blythe, Nathan Bennett, Louisa Evans, Katrina Brown, Rachel A. Turner, Jacopo A. Baggio, Dana Baker, Natalie C. Ban, Victor Brun, Joachim Claudet, Emily Darling, Antonio Di Franco, Estradivari, Graham Epstein, Noella J. Gray, Georgina G. Gurney, Rebecca P. Horan, Stacy D. Jupiter, Jacqueline D. Lau, Natali Lazzari, Peni Lestari, Shauna L. Mahajan, Sangeeta Mangubhai, Josheena Naggea, Elizabeth R. Selig, Charlotte K. Whitney, Noelia Zafra-Calvo, Nyawira A. Muthiga
Summary: Coastal communities face a triple exposure scenario due to the accelerating global change drivers of climate change, blue growth, and expansion of area-based conservation. Efforts to maximize social benefits can be hindered by external processes that amplify vulnerabilities and inequalities. Prioritizing social justice and building resilience is crucial for achieving climate, economic, and conservation goals. Implementors should address root causes of vulnerability, use participatory systems approaches, and foster inclusive partnerships for collaborative design and implementation in order to support well-being, justice, and resilience in coastal communities.