Journal
APPLIED ACOUSTICS
Volume 169, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.apacoust.2020.107478
Keywords
Sonic Duct; Subtropical mode water; Acoustic propagation; Self-organizing map
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Funding
- National Key R&D Program of China [2016YFC1401201]
- Innovation fund of Harbin University of Technology [HIT.NSRIF.2020095]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [61671174, 61601142]
- key lab of Weihai
- Wei Hai Research program of Science and Technology
- Engineering Center of Shandong Province
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In this paper, the Subtropical Mode Water in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean was found to help form a Sonic Duct which is favorable for long range acoustic propagation. The duct was defined as the depth layer with the temperature smaller than 20 degrees C but larger than 16 degrees C within which the sound speed varies little due to the combined effects of the pressure and the temperature. Statistics of the duct obtained from the Argo floats shows that the duct thickness varies mainly within the range 200 similar to 400 m, and that in summer, the duct was located below the seasonal thermocline; in winter, the duct would overlap with the mix layer near surface. Acoustic propagation analysis in the Sonic Duct suggests that higher frequency and larger duct thickness would result in the acoustic energy better trapped in the duct. Given that the duct thickness varies mainly within the range 200 similar to 400 m, the duct is always favorable for long range acoustic propagation in all seasons. Finally, a method based on Self-Organizing Map was proposed to estimate the Sonic Duct, and the results suggest that the method was promising in providing near real-time estimates of the duct parameters with sea surface information. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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