Anticancer Efficacy and Mechanism of Amentoflavone for Sensitizing Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma to Cisplatin

Background/Aim: Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) inactivation and apoptosis activation have been shown to enhance the anticancer effect of cisplatin in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Amentoflavone may suppress NF-kappa B activity and trigger apoptosis in different types of cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the anticancer effect and mechanism of amentoflavone in combination with cisplatin in OSCC. Materials and Methods: We investigated the combination effect and mechanism of amentoflavone and cisplatin via cell viability analysis, flow cytometry-based apoptosis analyses, transwell migration/invasion assay, immunofluorescence staining and western blotting assay. Results: Both amentoflavone and QNZ (NF-kappa B inhibitor) significantly increased cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity. Amentoflavone reduced cisplatin-triggered NF-kappa B activity and enhanced cisplatin-induced intrinsic caspasedependent and independent apoptotic pathways. Moreover, amentoflavone augments cisplatin-suppressed invasion and migration ability of OSCC cells. Conclusion: Inactivation of NF kappa B and induction of apoptosis through intrinsic caspasedependent and independent apoptotic pathways are associated with amentoflavone enhanced anti-OSCC efficacy of cisplatin.