Article
Chemistry, Physical
Chunfa Lin, Wenwen Wu, Yuqiang Han, Jiaxu Liu, Mengqiao Zhang, Qianying Wang, Xiang Li
Summary: Precipitation and growth of intermetallic phases during thermal processing are important for the formation and evolution of heterogeneous microstructure of Ti-Al intermetallic based alloys, but their understanding is still inadequate. In this study, we investigated the nucleation and growth behaviors of Ti-Al inter-metallic compounds in Ti/TiAl3 diffusion couple through high temperature annealing. Our experimental results revealed the sequential phase transformations and the formation of distinct single-phase layers at the Ti/TiAl3 interface. Both interfacial reaction and volume diffusion were observed to contribute to the growth of intermetallic layers. Additionally, preliminary determination of the hardness and elastic modulus of the intermetallic compounds was conducted to provide guidance for the design of high-performance Ti-Al intermetallic based alloys.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Sa Ma, Fangzhou Xing, Chunming Deng, Lijun Zhang
Summary: A novel analytical approach was developed for describing the diffusion-controlled simultaneous growth of multilayer stoichiometric compounds in binary reactive diffusion couples. The models were successfully applied to three different real cases, showing a satisfactory agreement with experimental data and potential applications in industries such as joining, coating, and solar cells.
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xianjun Lei, Xiaopeng Wang, Fantao Kong, Haitao Zhou, Yuyong Chen
Summary: A model for studying the growth kinetics of intermetallic compounds was proposed based on binary phase diagrams, with the parabolic growth relationship of intermetallic compound being mathematically deduced. The solute diffusion coefficient was identified as the predominant parameter controlling the growth kinetics, with the smallest diffusion coefficient found in the Nb3Al phase. It was demonstrated that intermetallic layers formed at the interface can inhibit further corrosion of the Nb container by the TiAl melt, with the Nb3Al layer playing a dominant role.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
N. Thiyaneshwaran, K. Sivaprasad, B. Ravisankar
Summary: This article discusses new insights into the layer growth phenomenon of the TiAl3 phase in alternative Ti/Al based multilayer metal intermetallic laminates. The TiAl3 intermetallic layer grows in two stages, with the growth being controlled by different growth phenomena at each stage. The initial nucleation of TiAl3 grains occurs through a chemical reaction between Ti and Al atoms without specific nucleation sites, and the preferred nucleation sites shift during different growth stages.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Chun-Hao Chen, Wei-Ting Yeh, Tung-Han Chuang
Summary: This study introduces a method of joining titanium with zinc antimonide by diffusion bonding, preventing critical mutual-interdiffusion phenomenon, and suggests optimal process parameters for manufacturing TE modules. It is proved that titanium can serve as suitable barrier layer and electrode material for Zn4Sb3 TE modules.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Arif Hariyadi, Suwarno Suwarno, Roman Denys, Jose Bellosta von Colbe, Tor Oskar Saetre, Volodymyr Yartys
Summary: Hydrides of the AB(2) Laves type alloys show efficient hydrogen storage capabilities and are suitable for designing high-performance hydrogen storage devices operating at ambient conditions. Experimental results indicate that the hydrogen absorption and desorption processes are jointly influenced by hydrogen diffusion and grain boundary nucleation, with increasing hydrogen content in the hydride leading to lower activation energies.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Alexander D. Dupuy, Mohammed Reda Chellali, Horst Hahn, Julie M. Schoenung
Summary: The formation mechanisms of Cu-rich and Co-rich secondary phases in rocksalt-structured entropy-stabilized oxides were studied. It was found that these secondary phases do not nucleate directly, but first form precursor phases rich in Cu and Co, respectively, and then undergo structural transformations. The growth of secondary phases is controlled by cation diffusion within the primary phase.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
S. Guillemin, P. Gergaud, N. Bernier, M. Merlin, C. Delwail, S. Minoret, R. Famulok, M. Gregoire, F. Nemouchi, Ph. Rodriguez
Summary: The reaction between a Ni-0.9 Pt-0.17 nm-thick thin film and the underlying Si(001) substrate was investigated at different annealing temperatures. In situ XRD techniques and ex situ advanced XRD and TEM imaging were used to study the reaction process. It was found that the system undergoes diffusion controlled reactions initially, forming nano-crystalline Ni-rich Ni1 - x(Pt) Si-x phases. The system remains stable until Ni(Pt)Si nucleation occurs.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yachong Zhou, Xiaofeng Xu, Yang Zhao, Xudong Yan, Lai Wei, Zhicheng Wu, Chao Wu
Summary: Conventional kinetics theory predicts that the reverse transition in diffusion-controlled phase transformation requires overheating. However, this study found that the β-transus temperature decreased by 50℃ during the α-β transformation in Ti-6Al-4V alloy through electropulsing treatment (EPT). Microscopic analysis revealed the formation of nano-sized ω and O' phases in the β phase, promoting alloying element diffusion and inhibiting the growth of martensite, resulting in the formation of nanocrystalline martensite after quenching.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Yu-Ting Hsiao, Yi-Yueh Chen, Chi-Huan Tung, Cheng-Yuan Tsai, Su-Jien Lin, Jien-Wei Yeh, Shou-Yi Chang
Summary: The diffusion and segregation rates of immiscible alloying elements in Cu-based alloys were investigated for understanding the kinetics of phase separation in multicomponent alloys. The results showed that the segregation rates depended on the melting temperature of the alloying element, while the diffusion activation energy was inversely related to the delta mixing enthalpy or electronegativity.
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Chong Dong, Min Shang, Haoran Ma, Yunpeng Wang, Xiaogan Li, Haitao Ma
Summary: This paper investigates the mechanism of nucleation of orientation-preferred Cu6Sn5 at different temperatures and solder compositions, showing that temperature and solder composition play important roles in cluster distribution. Higher temperature, Ag element, and proper Cu element amounts favor nucleation of orientation-preferred Cu6Sn5, while Cu and Ag additions promote grain size increase and solder volume differences between regions lead to grain orientation differences.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Andriy M. Gusak, Anastasiia Titova, Zhong Chen
Summary: This article discusses an unexpected example of Flux-Driven Transformation in an open system. Specifically, the transformation of amorphous solution Ni-P into crystalline Ni3P, along with the formation of elongated voids during reaction with tin-based solder, is treated as a discontinuous precipitation driven by the out-flux of Ni to react with Sn in an open system. The corresponding model predicts the lateral grain sizes of Ni3P, phase volume ratio, and the time law of reaction with an exponent of 1/3.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Sebastian Matthes, Marcus Glaser, Emina Vardo, Yesenia Haydee Sauni Camposano, Konrad Jaekel, Jean Pierre Bergmann, Peter Schaaf
Summary: The aim of this study is to investigate the reaction processes and characteristics of reactive multilayer systems under extrinsic induced tensile stress. The properties during and after the reaction, including propagation velocity, temperature regime, and formed phases, were studied using different samples. The results provide important insights for the stability and reliability of the reactive Al/Ni multilayer system under external tensile stresses.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xiao L. Pan, Hao Wang, Lei L. Zhang, Yu F. Wang, Xiang R. Chen, Hua Y. Geng, Ying Chen
Summary: Numerical evidence is presented for the existence of ordered intermetallic U2Nb compounds, which exhibit strong stability at low pressure and high temperature. This discovery completely changes the phase diagram of U-Nb alloys and provides new insights into the dynamic response and aging mechanism of U-Nb alloys.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zhiping Li, Liangshun Luo, Yanqing Su, Lei Luo, Binbin Wang, Liang Wang, Mengjia Yao, Jingjie Guo, Hengzhi Fu
Summary: The study investigated the b/a transformation of a b-solidifying c-TiAl alloy at different cooling rates. It was found that high cooling rate can promote the growth rate of Widmannstatten a plates, improving the mechanical properties of the alloy.
Article
Mechanics
Sourav Chatterjee, Daniel Schwen, Nele Moelans
Summary: This paper introduces an efficient and quantitative phase-field model for elastically heterogeneous alloys, ensuring both static and kinematic mechanical compatibilities as well as chemical equilibrium within the interfacial region. The model employs the partial rank-one homogenization (PRH) scheme for computational efficiency and replaces the composition field with a diffusion potential field to ensure interfacial chemical equilibrium. Simulations of various cases demonstrate the model's performance and accuracy, with comparisons to analytical solutions. The results show the effectiveness of the PRH scheme in maintaining accuracy for different geometries and its superiority over other schemes in convergence.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Sourav Chatterjee, Daniel Schwen, Nele Moelans
Summary: A phase-field model for simulating microstructure evolution in multi-phase and multi-component solids is presented. The model uses a partial rank-one homogenization scheme and is verified to be accurate through numerical simulations.
COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Y. Liu, K. Zweiacker, C. Liu, J. T. McKeown, J. M. K. Wiezorek
Summary: The evolution of rapid solidification microstructure and solidification interface velocity of hypereutectic Al-20at.%Cu alloy after laser melting has been studied experimentally. It was found that the formation of microstructure was dominated by eutectic, alpha-cell, and banded morphology grains, and the growth modes changed with increasing interface velocity.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Bharat Gwalani, Julian Escobar, Miao Song, Jonova Thomas, Joshua Silverstein, Andrew Chihpin Chuang, Dileep Singh, Michael P. Brady, Yukinori Yamamoto, Thomas R. Watkins, Arun Devaraj
Summary: Castable alumina forming austenitic alloys exhibit superior creep life and oxidation resistance at high temperatures. This study reveals the mechanism behind the enhanced creep performance of these alloys by suppressing primary carbide formation and offers a promising alloy design strategy for high-temperature applications.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jian Song, Qi Zhang, Songsong Yao, Kunming Yang, Houyu Ma, Jiamiao Ni, Boan Zhong, Yue Liu, Jian Wang, Tongxiang Fan
Summary: Recent studies have shown that achieving an atomically flat surface for metals can greatly improve their oxidation resistance and enhance their electronic-optical applications. Researchers have explored the use of graphene as a covering layer to achieve atomically flat surfaces. They found that high-temperature deposited graphene on copper surfaces formed mono-atomic steps, while annealed copper and transferred graphene on copper interfaces formed multi-atomic steps.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jennifer A. Glerum, Jon-Erik Mogonye, David C. Dunand
Summary: Elemental powders of Al, Ti, Sc, and Zr are blended and processed via laser powder-bed fusion to create binary and ternary alloys. The microstructural analysis and mechanical testing show that the addition of Ti results in the formation of primary precipitates, while the addition of Sc and Zr leads to the formation of fine grain bands. The Al-0.25Ti-0.25Zr alloy exhibits comparable strain rates to Al-0.5Zr at low stresses, but significantly higher strain rates at higher stresses during compressive creep testing. Finite element modeling suggests that the connectivity of coarse and fine grain regions is a critical factor affecting the creep resistance of the alloys.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
P. Jannotti, B. C. Hornbuckle, J. T. Lloyd, N. Lorenzo, M. Aniska, T. L. Luckenbaugh, A. J. Roberts, A. Giri, K. A. Darling
Summary: This work characterizes the thermo-mechanical behavior of bulk nanocrystalline Cu-Ta alloys under extreme conditions. The experiments reveal that the alloys exhibit unique mechanical properties, behaving differently from conventional nanocrystalline Cu. They do not undergo grain coarsening during extrusion and exhibit behavior similar to coarse-grained Cu.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yiqing Wei, Jingwei Li, Daliang Zhang, Bin Zhang, Zizhen Zhou, Guang Han, Guoyu Wang, Carmelo Prestipino, Pierric Lemoine, Emmanuel Guilmeau, Xu Lu, Xiaoyuan Zhou
Summary: This study proposes a new strategy to modify microstructure by phase regulation, which can simultaneously enhance carrier mobility and reduce lattice thermal conductivity. The addition of Cu in layered SnSe2 induces a phase transition that leads to increased grain size and reduced stacking fault density, resulting in improved carrier mobility and lower lattice thermal conductivity.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jia Chen, Zhengyu Zhang, Eitan Hershkovitz, Jonathan Poplawsky, Raja Shekar Bhupal Dandu, Chang-Yu Hung, Wenbo Wang, Yi Yao, Lin Li, Hongliang Xin, Honggyu Kim, Wenjun Cai
Summary: In this study, the structural origin of the pH-dependent repassivation mechanisms in multi-principal element alloys (MPEA) was investigated using surface characterization and computational simulations. It was found that selective oxidation in acidic to neutral solutions leads to enhanced nickel enrichment on the surface, resulting in reduced repassivation capability and corrosion resistance.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
X. Y. Xu, C. P. Huang, H. Y. Wang, Y. Z. Li, M. X. Huang
Summary: The limited slip systems of magnesium (Mg) and its alloys hinder their wide applications. By conducting tensile straining experiments, researchers discovered a rate-dependent transition in the dislocation mechanisms of Mg alloys. At high strain rates, glissile dislocations dominate, while easy-glide dislocations dominate at low strain rates. Abundant glissile dislocations do not necessarily improve ductility.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
M. S. Szczerba, M. J. Szczerba
Summary: Inverse temperature dependences of the detwinning stress were observed in face-centered cubic deformation twins in Cu-8at.%Al alloy. The detwinning stress increased with temperature when the pi detwinning mode was involved, but decreased when the pi/3 mode was involved. The dual effect of temperature on the detwinning stress was due to the reduction of internal stresses pre-existing within the deformation twins. The complete reduction of internal stresses at about 530 degrees C led to the equivalence of the critical stresses of different detwinning modes and a decrease in the yield stress anisotropy of the twin/matrix structure.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Taowen Dong, Tingting Qin, Wei Zhang, Yaowen Zhang, Zhuoran Feng, Yuxiang Gao, Zhongyu Pan, Zixiang Xia, Yan Wang, Chunming Yang, Peng Wang, Weitao Zheng
Summary: The interaction between the electrode and the electric double layer (EDL) significantly influences the energy storage mechanism. By studying the popular alpha-Fe2O3 electrode and the EDL interaction, we find that the energy storage mechanism of the electrode can be controlled by modulating the EDL.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Matthew R. Barnett, Jun Wang, Sitarama R. Kada, Alban de Vaucorbeil, Andrew Stevenson, Marc Fivel, Peter A. Lynch
Summary: The elastic-plastic transition in magnesium alloy Mg-4.5Zn exhibits bursts of deformation, which are characterized by sudden changes in grain orientation. These bursts occur in a coordinated manner among nearby grains, with the highest burst rate observed at the onset of full plasticity. The most significant burst events are associated with twinning, supported by the observation of twinned structures using electron microscopy. The bursts are often preceded and followed by a stasis in peak movement, indicating a certain "birth size" for twins upon formation and subsequent growth at a later stage.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Vaidehi Menon, Sambit Das, Vikram Gavini, Liang Qi
Summary: Understanding solute segregation thermodynamics is crucial for investigating grain boundary properties. The spectral approach and thermodynamic integration methods can be used to predict solute segregation behavior at grain boundaries and compare with experimental observations, thus aiding in alloy design and performance control.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Feiyu Qin, Lei Hu, Yingcai Zhu, Yuki Sakai, Shogo Kawaguchi, Akihiko Machida, Tetsu Watanuki, Yue-Wen Fang, Jun Sun, Xiangdong Ding, Masaki Azuma
Summary: This study reports on the negative and zero thermal expansion properties of Cd2Re2O7 and Cd1.95Ni0.05Re2O7 materials, along with their ultra-low thermal conductivity. Through investigations of their structures and phonon calculations, the synergistic effect of local structure distortion and soft phonons is revealed as the key to achieving these distinctive properties.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Thomas Beerli, Christian C. Roth, Dirk Mohr
Summary: A novel testing system for miniature specimens is designed to characterize the plastic response of materials for which conventional full-size specimens cannot be extracted. The system has an automated operation process, which reduces the damage to specimens caused by manual handling and improves the stability of the test results. The experiments show that the miniature specimens extracted from stainless steel and aluminum have high reproducibility, and the results are consistent with those of conventional-sized specimens. A correction procedure is provided to consider the influence of surface roughness and heat-affected zone caused by wire EDM.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Rani Mary Joy, Paulius Pobedinskas, Nina Baule, Shengyuan Bai, Daen Jannis, Nicolas Gauquelin, Marie-Amandine Pinault-Thaury, Francois Jomard, Kamatchi Jothiramalingam Sankaran, Rozita Rouzbahani, Fernando Lloret, Derese Desta, Jan D'Haen, Johan Verbeeck, Michael Frank Becker, Ken Haenen
Summary: This study investigates the influence of film microstructure and composition on the Young's modulus and residual stress in nanocrystalline diamond thin films. The results provide insights into the mechanical properties and intrinsic stress sources of these films, and demonstrate the potential for producing high-quality nanocrystalline diamond films under certain conditions.