Journal
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 12, Issue 49, Pages 55476-55482Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c17023
Keywords
characterization; interfacial chemistry; Zn dendrite; polyethylene glycol; side reaction
Funding
- National Programs for Nano-Key Project [2017YFA0206700]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21835004]
- 111 Project from the Ministry of Education of China [B12015]
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Direct monitoring of dendrite growth, hydrogen evolution, and surface passivation can enrich the chemical and morphological understanding of the unstable Zn/electrolyte interface and provide guidelines for rational design of Zn anodes; however, the on-line observation with high precision is hitherto lacking. Herein, we present a real-time comprehensive characterization system, including in situ atomic force microscopy, optical microscopy, and electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (referred to as the 3M system), to provide multiscale views on the semisphere nuclei and growth of bump-like dendrites and the potential-dependent chemical and morphological structures of passivated products in a mild acidic electrolyte. It is revealed that the poor interfacial properties can be attributed to the sparse nucleation sites and direct contact of Zn with the electrolyte. The 3M system further visualizes and confirms that the additive polyethylene glycol acts as a Zn2+ distribution promoter and physical barrier and merits stable electrochemical performance.
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