Article
Virology
Chiara Rossi, Nicola Zadra, Cristina Fevola, Frauke Ecke, Birger Hornfeldt, Rene Kallies, Maria Kazimirova, Magnus Magnusson, Gert E. Olsson, Rainer G. Ulrich, Anne J. Jaaskelainen, Heikki Henttonen, Heidi C. Hauffe
Summary: The study analyzed the evolutionary relationships and genetic diversity of 'Ljungan virus' variants circulating in small mammal populations in Europe. Results showed that LV evolution is rapid, influenced by various factors, and LV variants in different regions may exhibit host specificity.
Article
Virology
Minetaro Arita
Summary: In this study, the essential domains of OSBP for poliovirus replication were identified. The pleckstrin homology domain and the ligand-binding domain were found to be crucial for viral replication, while other domains were not essential. These findings reveal the key role of OSBP in virus replication.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Judy S. Y. Choi, Judy B. de Haan, Arpeeta Sharma
Summary: Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder with accelerated development of vascular complications, causing related morbidity and mortality. Current research on diabetes-driven vascular complications relies on animal models to study cellular and molecular pathways. Selecting appropriate animal models is crucial in identifying innovative and mechanism-based targeted therapies for diabetic complications.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
You Li, Ichiro Misumi, Tomoyuki Shiota, Lu Sun, Erik M. Lenarcic, Hyejeong Kim, Takayoshi Shirasaki, Adriana Hertel-Wulff, Taylor Tibbs, Joseph E. Mitchell, Kevin L. McKnight, Craig E. Cameron, Nathaniel J. Moorman, David R. McGivern, John M. Cullen, Jason K. Whitmire, Stanley M. Lemon
Summary: Despite the availability of effective vaccines, recent outbreaks of hepatitis A in the United States have led to numerous hospitalizations and deaths. This study reveals the importance of ZCCHC14 and TENT4A/B in viral RNA synthesis and suggests that inhibitors of TENT4A/B could be useful in preventing or treating hepatitis A in humans.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Oncology
William J. Burnett, David M. Burnett, Gennie Parkman, Andrew Ramstead, Nico Contreras, William Gravley, Sheri L. Holmen, Matthew A. Williams, Matthew W. VanBrocklin
Summary: Viruses are being explored as a treatment strategy for cancer, as they have the ability to infect and kill malignant cells and engage the immune system to promote tumor recognition and clearance. Anti-viral immunity is a concern when using viruses for therapy, but studies suggest it does not significantly impact the anti-cancer effects of viral infection. This indicates that virus therapy may still be effective even in individuals with pre-existing immunity to the virus.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Annika Lundstig, Sharia L. McDonald, Marlena Maziarz, William C. Weldon, Fariba Vaziri-Sani, Ake Lernmark, Anna-Lena Nilsson
Summary: The study found that 61% of type 1 diabetes patients in Jamtland county, Sweden tested positive for NLVA, compared to 44% in the control group. Additionally, NLVA titres were associated with GADA autoantibodies. The NLVA assay could be useful for further investigations into LV antibodies levels and its potential role in autoimmune type 1 diabetes.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Yan Zhang, Zhuang-Xin Ye, Xiao-Xiao Feng, Zhong-Tian Xu, Jian-Ping Chen, Chuan-Xi Zhang, Jun-Min Li
Summary: In this study, two iflaviruses with reversed genome organization were unexpectedly identified in a damselfly host species, indicating that the families of the order Picornavirales might be more complex than previously thought.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Virology
Lu Lu, Jordan Ashworth, Dung Nguyen, Kejin Li, Donald B. Smith, Mark Woolhouse
Summary: This study in Vietnam focused on investigating the prevalence, diversity, and potential cross-species transmission of picornaviruses, with novel viruses discovered in bats and rats. However, there was no evidence of zoonotic transmission in the data.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Qianyu Qu, Penggang He, Yuqi Zhang, Shujuan Yang, Peibin Zeng
Summary: Probiotics have shown beneficial effects in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, especially in animal models. However, the translation of these findings to humans is limited by the differences between experimental animal models and humans.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Divya P. Shinde, Jessica A. Plante, Kenneth S. Plante, Scott C. Weaver
Summary: This review discusses the roles of animal models and arthropod vector studies in understanding the epidemic emergence of yellow fever virus (YFV). YFV is a mosquito-borne flavivirus circulating in tropical and sub-tropical regions of Africa and South America, causing an estimated 30,000 deaths annually. Despite a highly successful vaccine, coverage is incomplete, and there is no approved treatment for YFV infection.
Review
Microbiology
Marianna Doman, Eniko Feher, Renata Varga-Kugler, Ferenc Jakab, Krisztian Banyai
Summary: Monkeypox is an emerging zoonotic disease that poses a significant threat to public health. Despite limited knowledge about its natural reservoirs and disease management, experimental investigations have provided valuable information on pathogenesis, virulence factors, and transmission of the virus, aiding in the development of prevention measures and effective vaccines.
Article
Virology
Chih-Chi Lee, Hung-Wei Hsu, Chun-Yi Lin, Nicolas Gustafson, Kenji Matsuura, Chow-Yang Lee, Chin-Cheng Scotty Yang
Summary: In this study, a transcriptomic database was generated for the yellow crazy ant to identify RNA viruses and characterize their genomes. Multiple virus species were discovered, including the polycipivirus AgrV-3, which showed high genetic diversity and evolved following the quasispecies model. The viral pathogen hotspot of the ant was found in Southeast Asia, consistent with its native range, and multiple virus species were prevalent in field colonies, possibly linked to the ant's social organization.
Review
Virology
Declan D. Pigeaud, Thomas W. Geisbert, Courtney Woolsey
Summary: Hendra virus (HeV) and Nipah virus (NiV) are zoonotic paramyxoviruses that emerged nearly thirty years ago and pose a grave threat to public health. Animal models, including nonhuman primates, rodents, and ferrets, have been instrumental in understanding the pathogenesis and transmission of HeV and NiV. Nonhuman primates have shown the closest resemblance to human HNV disease.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nicklas Hojgaard-hessellund Rasmussen, Jakob Dal, Annika Vestergaard Kvist, Joop P. van den Bergh, Morten Hasselstrom Jensen, Peter Vestergaard
Summary: This study compared the bone mineral density, bone strength, and bone microarchitecture of individuals with type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes to those without diabetes. The results showed that individuals with type 1 diabetes had lower bone density, while those with type 2 diabetes had higher bone density. Both groups showed favorable bone microarchitecture and strength parameters at the tibia and radius.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Axel Couturier, Jean-Luc Cracowski, Dominique Sigaudo-Roussel, Charles Khouri, Matthieu Roustit
Summary: This study compared different mouse models of diabetes-related ulcers through a systematic review and network meta-analysis. The results showed that db/db, ob/ob, streptozotocin (STZ), and STZ + high fat diet mice had significantly delayed wound healing compared to controls at each time point. Age, sex, and ulcer type influenced wound healing, although not at all time points.
