Article
Biology
Michael S. Lauer, Deepshikha Roychowdhury
Summary: Previous reports have highlighted the worsening inequalities in NIH funding, with analyses now showing that recent trends have reversed to some extent for both investigators and institutions. The proportion of women funded as principal investigators is increasing, but parity has not yet been achieved. Inequalities in funding have consistently been greater within groups (by career stage, gender, race, and degree) than between groups.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hollis R. Jones, Rebecca A. Briggs, Alison Krepp, Elizabeth Rohring
Summary: This study aims to understand successful research to application (R2A) projects addressing complex environmental issues within socio-economic contexts. By examining R2A projects within the Sea Grant network, the research identifies five common factors facilitating successful R2A: partnerships, communication, planning, examples, and graduate student involvement. Through showcasing successful frameworks, the study hopes to encourage more organizations to engage in the R2A process.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Fangyuan Chen, Shoutian Sun, Kelei Mu, Yi Li, Zhurui Shen, Sihui Zhan
Summary: Red phosphorus (RP) has been attracting attention in photocatalysis due to its low cost, environmental friendliness, and optical properties. A combination of RP nanosheet (NS) and bulk RP structure (RP-S-12 h) was prepared and demonstrated to have higher charge density and efficient carrier transport, resulting in improved photocatalytic activity and stability. The optimized hydrogen evolution rate was 0.33 mmol g-1 h-1 and the quantum efficiency at 420 nm was 0.45%. RP-S-12 h also showed complete degradation of 50 ppm MO in 12 minutes, highlighting its potential in environmental remediation.
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
(2022)
Article
Biology
Michael S. Lauer, Joy Wang, Deepshikha Roychowdhury
Summary: We analyzed changes in total costs of National Institutes of Health (NIH) awarded Research Project Grants (RPGs) from 1998 to 2021. There were changes in both nominal and real costs, with real costs showing a decrease and stability after the doubling of NIH budget. These changes in real costs are largely explained by changes in the composition of the NIH-grant portfolio.
Article
Biology
Michael A. Taffe, Nicholas W. Gilpin
Summary: Biomedical science and federal funding for scientific research are affected by systemic racism in American society. Studies have shown that grant applications submitted by African-American or Black Principal Investigators are less likely to be funded by the National Institutes of Health in the US compared to applications from white PIs. Despite efforts to address this issue, disparities in grant funding based on race persist.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Jerry Chun-Wei Lin, Qing Lv, Dehu Yu, Gautam Srivastava, Chun-Hao Chen
Summary: This study proposes two PSO-based models for solving resource-constrained problems in construction projects, with RC-APSO for static situations and iRC-APSO for dynamic situations. Experimental results show that RC-APSO has a higher success rate than genetic PSO and GA models, with improved accuracy and stability.
INFORMATION PROCESSING & MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Ana Nyasha Zimani, Borut Peterlin, Anja Kovanda
Summary: Genomics is an advancing field that requires continuous education and exchange of knowledge. Specific challenges in genomic education include tailoring complex topics to diverse audiences, and national genomic projects aim to improve genomic literacy through common educational strategies.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Oliver Joy, Jafar Al-Zaili
Summary: The study evaluates whether current UK energy policies support an economic case for low-carbon and competitive H2 production, concluding that H2 development cannot rely solely on market forces to reach full commercialization and competitiveness in the UK. Existing policies are not ambitious enough to advance the transition to low carbon options such as Blue and Green H2.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Agricultural Economics & Policy
Norbert L. W. Wilson, Lurleen M. Walters, Tara Wade, Kenesha Reynolds
Summary: This article evaluates the competitive grant funding provided by the U.S. Department of Agriculture's National Institute for Food and Agriculture (NIFA) to different types of land grant institutions. It discusses the disparity in funding between primarily White land grant institutions, historically Black land grant institutions, and non-land grant institutions. The findings reveal that historically Black land grant institutions and non-land grant institutions receive less funding compared to primarily White land grant institutions, although this disparity has decreased in recent years.
APPLIED ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVES AND POLICY
(2023)
Article
Neuroimaging
Hassan Kobeissi, Mohamed Sobhi Jabal, Sherief Ghozy, Santhosh Arul, Ryan M. Naylor, Ramanathan Kadirvel, Waleed Brinjikji, David F. Kallmes
Summary: This study analyzed the funding for cerebrovascular diseases by the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The results showed that NIH provides approximately $700 million in funding for cerebrovascular projects, with ischemic stroke being the most commonly funded disease. Notably, the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) were the top funding institutions.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINTERVENTIONAL SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Trevor G. Carter, Wayne P. Barnett
Summary: Despite advancements in computer methods for analyzing geological data, inadequate understanding of structural geology and improper use of geostatistics and geomechanics computer modeling can still lead to unexpected failures in engineering projects. Proper sub-division of project sites into realistic geological entities and a rigorous geological domaining technique are crucial in improving project-specific geological risk assessment and geomechanical parameter selection for design.
ROCK MECHANICS AND ROCK ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Hyunhong Choi, JongRoul Woo
Summary: This study utilized a patent data analysis method to identify and analyze specific technology topics in various fields of hydrogen technology, and compared and analyzed the technological focus of key countries. The results of the study have important implications for hydrogen R&D strategy and decision-making.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ning Zhao, Fengqi You
Summary: This paper proposes a novel robust unit commitment framework for integrating variable renewable energy into sustainable power systems. The framework incorporates uncertain intermittent power outputs using data-driven disjunctive uncertainty sets and machine learning. The approach identifies uncertainty space based on renewable power forecast error data and constructs disjunctive uncertainty sets using various techniques. The problem is formulated into a two-stage adaptive robust unit commitment model and solved using a tailored decomposition-based optimization algorithm. Case studies demonstrate that the proposed framework improves economic performance with reduced computational time compared to conventional methods.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
K. Gayathri, Manas Kumar Jena
Summary: This article presents the development and validation of a center of power-based inertia distribution estimation technique utilizing the measurements available from the phasor measurement units of the wide-area measurement systems. The suggested technique is important for supporting power system operation in future low inertia grids.
IEEE SYSTEMS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
I. A. Razzhivin, M. V. Andreev, A. V. Kievec
Summary: One of the global trends in the electric power industry is the use of renewable resources, and the development of hydrogen energy combined with renewable sources can produce green hydrogen. However, challenges such as technical limitations and economic aspects still exist for wind energy-hydrogen systems to obtain green hydrogen, calling for increased stability to enhance reliability.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kazuhiro Hikima, Kota Suzuki, Sou Taminato, Masaaki Hirayama, Satoshi Yasuno, Ryoji Kanno
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Felix Massel, Kazuhiro Hikima, Hakan Rensmo, Kota Suzuki, Masaaki Hirayama, Chao Xu, Reza Younesi, Yi-Sheng Liu, Jinghua Guo, Ryoji Kanno, Maria Hahlin, Laurent-Claudius Duda
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2019)
Article
Electrochemistry
Hisao Kiuchi, Kazuhiro Hikima, Keisuke Shimizu, Ryoji Kanno, Toshiharu Fukunaga, Eiichiro Matsubara
ELECTROCHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Kazuhiro Hikima, Tokoharu Yamamoto, Nguyen Huu Huy Phuc, Reiko Matsuda, Hiroyuki Muto, Atsunori Matsuda
SOLID STATE IONICS
(2020)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Kazuhiro Hikima, Yoyo Hinuma, Keisuke Shimizu, Kota Suzuki, Sou Taminato, Masaaki Hirayama, Takuya Masuda, Kazuhisa Tamura, Ryoji Kanno
Summary: The study focused on the structural change of the cathode material Li2MnO3 deposited as an epitaxial film in an all-solid-state battery, revealing a gradual transformation to a high-capacity activated phase during cycling.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2021)
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Nguyen Huu Huy Phuc, Kazuhiro Hikima, Hiroyuki Muto, Atsunori Matsuda
Summary: All-solid-state Li-S batteries offer advantages over Li-S batteries with organic liquid electrolytes, mainly due to termination of the shuttle effect and improvements in active materials and lithium ion conductors. All-solid-state batteries using sulfidic materials have more advantages, especially batteries containing only one material as both the active material and ionic conductor.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN SOLID STATE AND MATERIALS SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Kazuhiro Hikima, Nguyen Huu Huy Phuc, Atsunori Matsuda
Summary: The solid electrolyte studied exhibited good ionic conductivity and stability at 25 degrees Celsius, showing potential for use in all-solid-state Li metal batteries. Despite lower ionic conductivity, the electrolyte showed better stability towards Li metal, suggesting the amount of LiI strongly affects electrolyte stability against Li metal.
JOURNAL OF SOL-GEL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Hideto Tsuji, Sena Nogata, Hirotada Gamo, Kazuhiro Hikima, Atsunori Matsuda, Yuki Arakawa
Summary: This study investigated enantiomeric aromatic poly(lactic acid)s and their crystallization, thermal properties, and degradation. It was found that high molecular weight poly(L-mandelic acid) and poly(d-mandelic acid) exhibited predominant stereocomplex crystallization, while low molecular weight blends showed both stereocomplex and homo-crystallization. The aromatic poly(mandelic acid) had higher glass transition temperatures and lower melting temperatures compared to previously reported poly(lactic acid)s. The thermal degradation temperatures of the blends were higher than those of enantiomeric poly(lactic acid)s and similar to enantiomeric poly(2-hydroxybutanoic acid)s. The study also compared the crystallizability of aromatic poly(mandelic acid) and poly(phenyllactic acid).
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
(2022)
Article
Electrochemistry
Kazuhiro Hikima, Sou Taminato, Yoyo Hinuma, Keisuke Shimizu, Kota Suzuki, Masaaki Hirayama, Satoshi Yasuno, Kazuhisa Tamura, Ryoji Kanno
Summary: The study investigated the reaction mechanism of Li2MnO3 with a layered rock-salt structure during electrochemical cycling in a liquid battery. Model electrodes of Li2MnO3(001) were fabricated by pulsed laser deposition, showing different charge-discharge capacity and degradation characteristics based on composition and morphology. Ex situ hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results revealed oxidation of some O atoms during charging, while the Li-rich film exhibited strong interactions with a solid-electrolyte interface layer due to high Li concentration.
BATTERIES & SUPERCAPS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nguyen Huu Huy Phuc, Maeda Takaki, Hikima Kazuhiro, Muto Hiroyuki, Matsuda Atsunori
SN APPLIED SCIENCES
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kazuhiro Hikima, Phuc Nguyen Huu Huy, Hirofumi Tsukasaki, Shigeo Mori, Hiroyuki Muto, Atsunori Matsuda
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Nguyen Huu Huy Phuc, Maeda Takaki, Hiroyuki Muto, Matsuda Reiko, Hikima Kazuhiro, Atsunori Matsuda
ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2020)
Article
Physics, Applied
Kosuke Hara, Taka-aki Yano, Junichi Hata, Kazuhiro Hikima, Kota Suzuki, Masaaki Hirayama, Ryoji Kanno, Masahiko Hara
APPLIED PHYSICS EXPRESS
(2017)
Article
Electrochemistry
Akira Yano, Kazuhiro Hikima, Junichi Hata, Kota Suzuki, Masaaki Hirayama, Ryoji Kanno
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2018)