Article
Neurosciences
Hsin-Hung Li, Thomas C. Sprague, Aspen H. Yoo, Wei Ji Ma, Clayton E. Curtis
Summary: The study demonstrates that the human brain represents both the content and uncertainty of visual working memory through probabilistic neural codes, which decode probability distributions over memorized locations.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Clement M. Garin, Marie Garin, Leonardo Silenzi, Rye Jaffe, Christos Constantinidis
Summary: The size of the prefrontal cortex in humans is not disproportionately enlarged compared to other catarrhini species. However, humans have the most relatively enlarged frontal and parietal lobes in an infraorder exhibiting a disproportionate expansion of these areas.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Antonio Fernandez, Nina M. Hanning, Marisa Carrasco
Summary: This study investigates the causal role of rFEF+ and V1/V2 in endogenous attention using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). The results show that early visual areas do not modulate endogenous attention, while rFEF+ plays a critical role in this process.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Biology
Liping Yu, Jiawei Hu, Chenlin Shi, Li Zhou, Maozhi Tian, Jiping Zhang, Jinghong Xu
Summary: The study demonstrates the essential role of auditory cortex in information encoding and maintenance during an auditory working memory task, particularly in the early delay period.
Article
Neurosciences
Xinping Deng, Jue Wang, Yufeng Zang, Yang Li, Wenjin Fu, Yanyan Su, Xiongying Chen, Boqi Du, Qi Dong, Chuansheng Chen, Jun Li
Summary: This study identified the crucial role of the parietal cortex in working memory storage and found that repeated parietal intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) can improve neural indicators of working memory. However, further optimization is needed to produce a behavioral effect.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Jacob A. Miller, Arielle Tambini, Anastasia Kiyonaga, Mark D'Esposito
Summary: The role of the lateral prefrontal cortex in working memory is still a matter of debate. Non-human primate electrophysiology studies suggest that the lPFC stores working memory representations, while human neuroimaging studies indicate that it controls the content of working memory in sensory cortices. This study demonstrates that long-term training can shape the functioning of the lPFC and that working memory representations are influenced by long-term experience, potentially reconciling the conflicting accounts.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Hyun Chan Hwang, Sun Mi Kim, Doug Hyun Han
Summary: The study found that schizophrenic patients have lower emotional perception abilities compared to bipolar disorder patients, indicating disrupted emotional perception abilities are linked to altered brain functional connectivity. Schizophrenic patients show reduced usage of the frontal lobe, while bipolar patients compensate for facial emotion recognition using the parietal lobe.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ivan Voitov, Thomas D. Mrsic-Flogel
Summary: Working memory is an essential component of cognition, but the mechanisms by which neural populations represent and maintain working memory are still unclear. In this study using mice, researchers found that distributed areas of the neocortex were selectively involved in the maintenance of working memory during a visual task. They also discovered that working memory representations were embedded in high-dimensional population activity in visual area AM and premotor area M2, persisting throughout the inter-stimulus delay period.
Article
Neurosciences
Sihai Li, Christos Constantinidis, Xue-Lian Qi
Summary: The study investigated the roles of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and posterior parietal cortex in working memory, finding that neuronal activity can predict categorical judgments of information and deviations in firing rates reflect the contents of working memory.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Aldo Rustichini, Philippe Domenech, Claudia Civai, Colin G. Deyoung
Summary: This study examines the influence of attention and working memory on choices presented sequentially. The results support a model where the decay of accumulated evidence over time impacts decision-making. Participants were more likely to choose options presented later, and this recency effect was stronger for individuals with weaker working memory performance.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Linjing Jiang, Hoi-Chung Leung
Summary: VSWM performance in 2D space was systematically mapped using memory-guided and visually guided saccade tasks. Memory-guided saccades showed increased unsystematic errors with target eccentricity and delay, indicating neurophysiological and functional factors contributing to errors in VSWM. These findings suggest limitations in VSWM representation, the influence of noise on memory maintenance, and potential independent mechanisms for spatial and temporal processing.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Youngsun T. Cho, Flora Moujaes, Charles H. Schleifer, Martina Starc, Jie Lisa Ji, Nicole Santamauro, Brendan Adkinson, Antonija Kolobaric, Morgan Flynn, John H. Krystal, John D. Murray, Grega Repovs, Alan Anticevic
Summary: This study investigated how reward and loss impact spatial working memory precision and neural circuits in human subjects. The results showed that both reward and loss improved spatial working memory precision, with specific regions like precentral sulcus and intraparietal sulcus having increased BOLD signal related to better working memory precision. Conversely, areas straddling executive networks displayed decreased BOLD signal during incentivized working memory.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chunyu A. Duan, Yuxin Pan, Guofen Ma, Taotao Zhou, Siyu Zhang, Ning-long Xu
Summary: The study reveals dynamic coding of choice information in SC-projecting M2 neurons during motor planning and execution, with disruption of this information impairing decision maintenance. Excitatory and inhibitory SC neurons both receive synaptic inputs from M2, but display differential temporal patterns in choice coding during behavior.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Adriana Boettcher, Saskia Wilken, Nico Adelhoefer, Markus Raab, Sven Hoffmann, Christian Beste
Summary: Sensorimotor integration is a crucial process in daily life, involving the integration of different sensory information. The role of theta- and beta-band activities in this process and the neuroanatomical structures involved were examined. The study found that beta-band activity in parietal cortices plays a role in the initial specification of indicator dynamics. When information about the goal was not accessible, higher theta-band activity in the superior frontal cortex was observed, indicating an increased need for control. Later, theta- and beta-band activities encoded different information within the ventral processing stream. Complex sensorimotor integration is achieved through a cascade of theta- and beta-band activities in a ventral-stream-parieto-frontal network.
Article
Neurosciences
Andrew D. Sheldon, Elyana Saad, Muhammet Sahan, Emma E. Meyering, Michael J. Starrett, Joshua J. LaRocque, Nathan S. Rose, Bradley R. Postle
Summary: The study found that attention biases competition for representation of visual stimuli by enhancing representations of relevant information and suppressing the irrelevant. Different brain regions displayed qualitatively distinct profiles of representation, with the frontal and parietal cortex acting as sources of top-down attentional control.
JOURNAL OF COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Camden J. MacDowell, Timothy J. Buschman
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qing Yu, Chunyue Teng, Bradley R. Postle
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Quan Wan, Ying Cai, Jason Samaha, Bradley R. Postle
ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Matthew F. Panichello, Timothy J. Buschman
Summary: Cognitive control guides behavior by controlling what, when, and how information is represented in the brain. Prefrontal cortex acts as a domain-general controller for both selection and attention, while parietal and visual cortex represent attention and selection independently. Selection and attention facilitate behavior by enhancing and transforming the representation of selected memory or attended stimulus.
Article
Neurosciences
Alexandra Libby, Timothy J. Buschman
Summary: In the auditory cortex of mice, sensory representations evolve over time and rotate into orthogonal memory representations, allowing short-term memories to avoid interference from new sensory inputs. This rotational dynamic is an efficient mechanism for generating orthogonal representations, protecting memories from sensory interference during implicit learning.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Andre O. Beukers, Timothy J. Buschman, Jonathan D. Cohen, Kenneth A. Norman
Summary: This study examines the role of working memory (WM) and episodic memory (EM) in task performance, suggesting that the mechanisms of EM can better explain the phenomenon of Activity Silent WM (ASWM).
TRENDS IN COGNITIVE SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Ying Cai, Can Yang, Sisi Wang, Gui Xue
Summary: Visual working memory training can improve performance in trained tasks, but the transfer effect to untrained tasks is limited. This study investigated the neural mechanism underlying this limited transfer using model-fitting methods and EEG recordings. The results showed that training improved the capacity of color working memory but did not transfer to other tasks.
JOURNAL OF COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Camden J. MacDowell, Sina Tafazoli, Timothy J. Buschman
Summary: Cognitive control is the process of orchestrating interactions between different brain regions to support adaptive and goal-directed behaviors. This control is achieved by directing the flow of high-dimensional representations between regions using low-dimensional control states, allowing for flexible adaptation to new environments and capturing the richness of the world.
CURRENT OPINION IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Andrea Bocincova, Timothy J. Buschman, Mark G. Stokes, Sanjay G. Manohar
Summary: Changes in synaptic strength and neuronal tuning in the prefrontal cortex can occur when there is a need to reassociate features, leading to different neural responses to identical stimuli.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Biology
Flora Bouchacourt, Sina Tafazoli, Marcelo G. Mattar, Timothy J. Buschman, Nathaniel D. Daw
Summary: To adapt to a changing world, we must be able to switch between learned rules and learn new rules. Rule switching and rule learning rely on distinct but intertwined computations, namely fast inference and slower incremental learning. By studying how monkeys switch between rules, we found that they use fast inference to learn the response axis during rule switching, while continuously re-evaluating the stimulus-response associations within an axis during rule learning.
Article
Neurosciences
Jacqueline M. Fulvio, Qing Yu, Bradley R. Postle
Summary: Working memory requires encoding stimulus identity and context. The posterior parietal cortex (PPC) plays a crucial role in controlling the representation of stimulus context in visual working memory (WM), showing sensitivity to context binding requirements and domain.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mikael Lundqvist, Scott L. Brincat, Jonas Rose, Melissa R. Warden, Timothy J. Buschman, Earl K. Miller, Pawel Herman
Summary: Working memory is achieved through interactions between beta and gamma oscillations, which allow the spatial flow of item-specific activity across the network. This spatial flow is independent of the detailed recurrent connectivity supporting the item-specific activity, and control-related information is stored in the spatial activity. Analysis of local field potentials and neuronal spiking confirms these predictions. Spatial computing can facilitate generalization and zero-shot learning by utilizing spatial component as an additional information encoding dimension.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Yiheng Hu, Qing Yu
Summary: The study investigates the spatiotemporal dynamics of self-generated imagery using electroencephalography and functional magnetic resonance imaging. The results show overlapping neural signatures of cue-induced and self-generated imagery but with significantly different sensitivities to the two types of imagery.
Article
Biology
Aylin Apostel, Matthew Panichello, Timothy J. Buschman, Jonas Rose
Summary: This study investigates the attractor dynamics of working memory in primates and corvids. The researchers found that corvid working memory exhibits similar behavioral biases as humans, and discrete attractors are evenly spread across the stimulus space. By comparing different species, the results strengthen the view of attractor dynamics as a general biological principle for efficient use of working memory.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2023)