Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Samuel Alizon
Summary: According to a new study in PLOS Biology, the virulence of a zoonotic virus in humans depends on its reservoir host. Physiology could be the key to anticipating viral threats lethality.
Review
Oncology
Sainiteesh Maddineni, John L. Silberstein, John B. Sunwoo
Summary: This article reviews multiple approaches for allogeneic NK cell therapy and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each method. In recent years, NK cells have become increasingly important players in the immune response against cancer.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Tatjana Vilibic-Cavlek, Ljubo Barbic, Anna Mrzljak, Dragan Brnic, Ana Klobucar, Maja Ilic, Natasa Janev-Holcer, Maja Bogdanic, Lorena Jemersic, Vladimir Stevanovic, Irena Tabain, Stjepan Krcmar, Marko Vucelja, Jelena Prpic, Marko Boljfetic, Pavle Jelicic, Josip Madic, Ivana Ferencak, Vladimir Savic
Summary: Several emerging and neglected viruses of zoonotic importance have been detected in Croatia in recent years, including arboviruses, rodent-borne viruses, and food-borne viruses. Some of these viruses have already caused clinical cases, while others remain relatively neglected.
Article
Cell Biology
Lily Chan, Yeganeh Mehrani, Geoffrey A. A. Wood, Byram W. W. Bridle, Khalil Karimi
Summary: DC-based cancer vaccines can recruit neutrophils to lymph nodes and increase the number of NK cells, enhancing anti-tumor immune responses. Depletion of neutrophils results in decreased NK cell numbers, while CD8+ T cell population remains unaffected. Targeting neutrophils may offer innovative strategies to enhance the clinical efficacy of DC vaccines.
Article
Oncology
Nancy D. Marin, Bradley A. Krasnick, Michelle Becker-Hapak, Leah Conant, Simon P. Goedegebuure, Melissa M. Berrien-Elliott, Keenan J. Robbins, Jennifer A. Foltz, Mark Foster, Pamela Wong, Celia C. Cubitt, Jennifer Tran, Christopher B. Wetzel, Miriam Jacobs, Alice Y. Zhou, David Russler-Germain, Lynne Marsala, Timothy Schappe, Ryan C. Fields, Todd A. Fehniger
Summary: The treatment of advanced melanoma is a clinical challenge, and natural killer (NK) cells show promise as a cellular therapy. Cytokine-induced memory-like (ML) differentiation enhances NK-cell responses against blood cancer targets, but its activity against solid tumors like melanoma needs further research. In preclinical studies, ML NK cells from healthy donors and melanoma patients exhibited increased IFN gamma production and cytotoxicity against melanoma targets, with a response partially dependent on activating receptors NKG2D and NKp46. Furthermore, in mouse models, ML NK cells showed better control of melanoma compared to conventional NK cells.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Atif Ahmed, Muhammad Safdar, Samran Sardar, Sahar Yousaf, Fiza Farooq, Ali Raza, Muhammad Shahid, Kausar Malik, Samia Afzal
Summary: The significant increase in zoonotic viruses poses a serious threat to global public health, as 99% of infectious diseases originate from these viruses. This review discusses modern generation vaccines, such as viral vector vaccines, mRNA vaccines, DNA vaccines, synthetic vaccines, virus-like particles, and plant-based vaccines, and compares their benefits and challenges with traditional vaccines.
EXPERT REVIEW OF VACCINES
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Rebecca K. McLean, Simon P. Graham
Summary: Pig production is rapidly growing globally, especially in Asia and Africa, but it has also led to the emergence and spread of infectious diseases. Pigs play a crucial role as intermediate/amplifying hosts for various zoonotic viruses, including influenza, Japanese encephalitis, Nipah, and coronaviruses. Multivalent vaccination of pigs can safeguard human health indirectly by protecting the health of pigs.
Review
Immunology
Aimee M. Beaulieu
Summary: NK cells are innate lymphocytes with cytotoxic functions, playing key roles in host protection against viruses and malignancy. Recent research has shown that NK cells have the ability to mount memory or memory-like immune responses, generating long-lived memory cells with enhanced functionality. Understanding the regulation of antigen-specific effector and memory NK responses is an active and important area of research.
IMMUNOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Balbir B. Singh, Michael P. Ward, Navneet K. Dhand
Summary: Understanding the zoonotic and emerging potential of viruses is crucial in preventing and controlling disease epidemics. Research has identified that bat- and livestock-adapted viruses pose high risks, and nucleic acid type plays a significant role in determining the potential of viruses.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Amanda Fernandes de Oliveira Costa, Leticia Olops Marani, Thiago Mantello Bianco, Adriana Queiroz Arantes, Izabela Aparecida Lopes, Diego Antonio Pereira-Martins, Leonardo Carvalho Palma, Priscila Santos Scheucher, Josiane Lilian dos Santos Schiavinato, Larissa Sarri Binelli, Cleide Araujo Silva, Susumu S. Kobayashi, Joao Agostinho Machado-Neto, Eduardo Magalhaes Rego, Robert Samuel Welner, Lorena Lobo de Figueiredo-Pontes
Summary: NK cells play a role in eliminating tumor cells through direct cytolytic activity and promoting antitumor immune response. This study suggests that NK cells in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) have an immature phenotype and deficient cytotoxicity, which may lead to impaired tumor surveillance.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shuojiong Pan, Jun Guan, Banruo Xianyu, Yizheng Tan, Tianyu Li, Huaping Xu
Summary: Self-assembled selenium-containing nanoparticles are developed to reverse NK cell exhaustion and enhance NK-cell-mediated immunotherapy, effectively inhibiting tumor growth.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Cheng Cao, Junfeng Jiang, Min Liu, Yaping Dai, Tianzhi Chang, Tuo Ji, Fang Gong
Summary: This study investigated the impact of COVID-19 inactivated vaccine on innate immune cells and found that the distribution of monocytes and NK cells was altered, and robust IFN-gamma-producing NK cell response was elicited by CoronaVac vaccination.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Marina Saresella, Federica Piancone, Ivana Marventano, Ambra Hernis, Daria Trabattoni, Mattia Invernizzi, Francesca La Rosa, Mario Clerici
Summary: The study found that receiving the BNT162b2 vaccine significantly increased the number of inflammatory monocytes and various types of NK cells, as well as enhanced the production of interferon-gamma and the content of perforin and granzyme in NK cells. The vaccine also reduced the expression of the inhibitory receptor ILT-2 and increased the expression of the stimulatory molecule 2DS2. These effects were long-lasting and were further enhanced with each vaccine dose. It is worth noting that the reduction of ILT-2 expressing NK cells was more significant in individuals who had recovered from COVID-19.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cristina Capuano, Chiara Pighi, Simone Battella, Fabio Pulcinelli, Cristina Santoro, Antonietta Ferretti, Ombretta Turriziani, Davide De Federicis, Cinzia Fionda, Giuseppe Sciume, Ricciarda Galandrini, Gabriella Palmieri
Summary: The in vivo establishment and long-term persistence of a heterogeneous memory or an adaptive NK cell pool play a functional adaptation role to human cytomegalovirus infection in humans. The FcεRIγ(-) NKG2C(+)CD57(+) memory NK cell subset, whose abundance is associated with anti-HCMV antibody levels, expands robustly and selectively in response to mAb-opsonized targets or ITP-derived platelets, demonstrating superior CD16-dependent IFNγ production. The lack of FcεRIγ chain contributes to the higher responsivity to CD16 engagement in NKG2C(+)CD57(+) memory cells.
Review
Cell Biology
Paul Kupke, Jens M. Werner
Summary: Hepatitis E virus infection is a major cause of acute hepatitis development, especially in immunocompromised patients. Current treatment options for HEV are limited, and research on the immune mechanisms involved in HEV infection is still lacking.
