Review
Medical Laboratory Technology
Frida Emanuelsson, Marianne Benn
Summary: The causal effect of LDL-cholesterol on peripheral arterial disease and chronic kidney disease is supported by evidence, while glucose has a causal effect on both micro- and macrovascular diseases. Studies on normoglycemic and prediabetic populations are needed for further investigation.
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Thomas S. J. Crabtree, Tomas P. Griffin, Yew W. Yap, Parth Narendran, Geraldine Gallen, Niall Furlong, Iain Cranston, Ali Chakera, Chris Philbey, Muhammad Ali Karamat, Sanjay Saraf, Shafie Kamaruddin, Eleanor Gurnell, Alyson Chapman, Sufyan Hussain, Jackie Elliott, Lalantha Leelarathna, Robert E. J. Ryder, Peter Hammond, Alistair Lumb, Pratik Choudharyq, Emma G. Wilmot
Summary: The study found that switching to hybrid closed-loop (HCL) insulin delivery systems led to improvements in HbA1c, time in range, hypoglycemia, and quality of life in adults with type 1 diabetes, despite previous use of intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring and insulin pump therapy.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Johannes Hofland, Julie C. Refardt, Richard A. Feelders, Emanuel Christ, Wouter W. de Herder
Summary: Insulinomas are rare hormone-producing pancreatic neoplasms. Most cases are diagnosed based on the Whipple triad. Nonmetastatic insulinomas are considered indolent and metastatic cases are considered aggressive. Surgical excision is the treatment of choice for solitary insulinomas, while debulking procedures and various medications can be used for aggressive cases.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anita Jeyam, Helen Colhoun, Stuart McGurnaghan, Luke Blackbourn, Timothy J. McDonald, Colin N. A. Palmer, John A. McKnight, Mark W. J. Strachan, Alan W. Patrick, John Chalmers, Robert S. Lindsay, John R. Petrie, Sandeep Thekkepat, Andrew Collier, Sandra MacRury, Paul M. McKeigue
Summary: The study found that even minimal residual C-peptide secretion could have clinical benefits in type 1 diabetes. The effects on the risk of hypoglycemic episodes were detectable at lower levels of C-peptide.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Shigeo Godo, Jun Takahashi, Satoshi Yasuda, Hiroaki Shimokawa
Summary: This article summarizes the role of endothelial cells in regulating vascular tone and the pathogenesis of coronary macrovascular and microvascular diseases, with a special emphasis on the mechanisms and clinical implications of coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD).
JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Elbert S. Huang, Alan Sinclair, Paul R. Conlin, Tali Cukierman-Yaffe, Irl B. Hirsch, Megan Huisingh-Scheetz, Anna R. Kahkoska, Lori Laffel, Alexandra K. Lee, Sei Lee, Kasia Lipska, Graydon Meneilly, Naushira Pandya, Monica E. Peek, Anne Peters, Richard E. Pratley, Diana Sherifali, Elena Toschi, Guillermo Umpierrez, Ruth S. Weinstock, Medha Munshi
Summary: The integration of technologies into diabetes management has the potential to improve care for older adults with diabetes. However, there is currently limited scientific evidence and clinical experience with these technologies among this population. Further research is needed to optimize care and overcome barriers to the use of technology in this important group.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Charles F. Hayfron-Benjamin, Bert-Jan van den Born, Albert G. B. Amoah, Anke H. Maitland-van der Zee, Karlijn A. C. Meeks, Erik J. A. J. Beune, Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch, Charles Agyemang
Summary: This study found a significant association between elevated serum uric acid levels and kidney microvascular dysfunction in individuals from sub-Saharan Africa, partially mediated through elevated blood pressure. Therefore, individuals from sub-Saharan Africa with elevated serum uric acid levels may benefit from periodic screening for kidney microvascular dysfunction.
Review
Cell Biology
Leena P. Bharath, Jack Donato Rockhold, Rachel Conway
Summary: Dysregulation of autophagy plays a key role in the onset and progression of many metabolic diseases, including diabetes. Inability to upregulate autophagy or excessive autophagy can be detrimental to health. Autophagy is crucial for the development of vascular complications in diabetic patients.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Emir Muzurovic, Lvana Kraljevic, Mirsala Solak, Sinisa Dragnic, Dimitri P. Mikhailidis
Summary: Homocysteine’s role in the development of vascular complications in diabetes mellitus is still unclear, with conflicting results from studies. While lowering therapies can effectively reduce homocysteine levels, their impact on reducing cardiovascular disease risk remains uncertain, requiring further investigation, especially in diabetic patients.
JOURNAL OF DIABETES AND ITS COMPLICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Loan Thi Chu, Tran Que Nguyen, Phuong Thu Thi Pham, Truc Thanh Thai
Summary: Health education intervention effectively improved knowledge and practice regarding hypoglycemia and insulin pen use among T2DM patients. Significant improvements were observed post-intervention, and this improvement was sustained at one and two months follow-up. This highlights the importance of health education interventions in optimizing treatment for T2DM patients at primary care hospitals.
JOURNAL OF DIABETES RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jan Broz, Matthew D. Campbell, Jana Urbanova, Marisa A. Nunes, Ludmila Brunerova, Dario Rahelic, Denisa Janickova Zd'arska, Arian Taniwall, Marek Brabec, Vojtech Berka, Juraj Michalec, Jan Polak
Summary: This study characterized the glucose dynamics during standardized hypoglycemia-inducing exercise in type 1 diabetes patients and found that oral ingestion of 20 g of glucose effectively maintained recovery from hypoglycemia.
Review
Oncology
Pelin Cinar, Richard Bold, Bryn A. Bosslet, Daniela A. Bota, Debra Burgess, Helen K. Chew, Joshua G. Cohen, Emad Elquza, Kathryn A. Gold, Emi Kamiya, Beth Y. Karlan, Rana R. McKay, Sandip P. Patel, Kimberly Ternavan, Jeanna Welborn, Maki Yamamoto, Hope S. Rugo
Summary: This article discusses the impact of the pandemic on cancer care delivery in California and the response and recovery planning experience of the UC Cancer Consortium, emphasizing opportunities for redesign in care delivery models.
CA-A CANCER JOURNAL FOR CLINICIANS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hsuan-Yu Wu, I-Hua Chen, Mei-Yueh Lee
Summary: This case report highlights the importance of recognizing the life-threatening condition of MTZ-induced insulin autoimmune syndrome (IAS) in patients with underlying Graves' disease. It emphasizes the need to consider IAS as a differential diagnosis in patients who develop spontaneous hypoglycemia, especially those receiving MTZ.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Eric Ho Man Tang, Ivy Lynn Mak, Emily Tsui Yee Tse, Eric Yuk Fai Wan, Esther Yee Tak Yu, Julie Yun Chen, Weng Yee Chin, David Vai Kiong Chao, Wendy Wing Sze Tsui, Tony King Hang Ha, Carlos King Ho Wong, Cindy Lo Kuen Lam
Summary: The RAMP-DM program effectively reduced the risks of macrovascular and microvascular complications as well as all-cause mortality over a 10-year period, although the prevention effect on complications attenuated after 8 years of follow-up.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Bao Sun, Zhiying Luo, Jiecan Zhou
Summary: Glycemic variability (GV) is recognized as a possible independent risk factor for diabetic complications, with this review summarizing the metrics and measurement of GV in clinical practice and elaborating its role and related mechanisms in both macrovascular and microvascular complications of diabetes to provide mechanism-based therapeutic strategies for clinicians.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Rebeca Echeverria-Chasco, Marta Vidorreta, Veronica Aramendia-Vidaurreta, David Cano, Javier Escalada, Nuria Garcia-Fernandez, Gorka Bastarrika, Maria A. Fernandez-Seara
Summary: The study evaluated the labeling efficiency of pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (PCASL) and identified gradient parameters to increase the robustness of PCASL for renal perfusion measurements. Simulations and experiments demonstrated that reducing gradient averages and selective to average gradient ratios improves PCASL efficiency. Significant differences in renal blood flow were found between chronic kidney disease patients and healthy controls in the study.
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Maria Llavero-Valero, Javier Escalada San Martin, Miguel A. Martinez-Gonzalez, Miguel A. Alvarez-Mon, Ismael Alvarez-Alvarez, Julio Martinez-Gonzalez, Maira Bes-Rastrollo
Summary: The study found that both physical activity and sedentary behaviors are associated with the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The research showed significant differences in the impact on T2DM between solely engaging in physical activity and combining physical activity with sedentary behaviors. Therefore, it is important to focus on promoting physical activity while also avoiding a sedentary lifestyle to reduce the risk of T2DM.
NUTRITION METABOLISM AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
J. Karina Zapata, Victoria Catalan, Amaia Rodriguez, Beatriz Ramirez, Camilo Silva, Javier Escalada, Javier Salvador, Giuseppe Calamita, M. Cristina Azcona-Sanjulian, Gema Fruhbeck, Javier Gomez-Ambrosi
Summary: In children and adolescents, obesity does not seem to be related to a decrease in resting energy expenditure (REE). The study found that absolute REE increases with age, but the REE/FFM decreases, with a gender-dependent influence. Interestingly, the effect of obesity on absolute REE is not observed in 8-10 year-olds, where leptin may influence the REE/FFM ratio.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Carolina M. Perdomo, Nuria Garcia-Fernandez, Javier Escalada
Summary: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is closely associated with cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease, sharing common pathophysiological processes. It is particularly prevalent in patients with type 2 diabetes, underscoring the importance of early diagnosis and treatment to reduce the burden of adverse outcomes.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Maria Llavero-Valero, Javier Escalada-San Martin, Miguel A. Martinez-Gonzalez, Francisco Javier Basterra-Gortari, Alfredo Gea, Maira Bes-Rastrollo
Summary: This study aimed to assess the association between T2D incidence and LMPA and VPA using isotemporal substitution models. The results indicate that replacing one hour of sitting with one hour of VPA is associated with a lower risk of T2D.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
F. Gomez-Peralta, F. J. Carrasco-Sanchez, A. Perez, J. Escalada, F. Alvarez-Guisasola, C. Miranda-Fernandez-Santos, J. J. Mediavilla-Bravo, R. Gomez-Huelgas
Summary: The population with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) is highly diverse, posing a significant challenge for healthcare professionals. Individualized treatment choices should take into account functional status, frailty, the presence of comorbidities, and the preferences of patients and their caregivers. New evidence on specific therapeutic groups' cardiovascular and renal protection, as well as the usefulness of new technologies for managing DM2, necessitates an update to the 2018 consensus document on DM2 in the elderly.
REVISTA CLINICA ESPANOLA
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Carolina M. Perdomo, Ana Ezponda, Jorge M. Nunez-Cordoba, Jose Herrero, Gorka Bastarrika, Gema Fruhbeck, Javier Escalada
Summary: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with cardiovascular disease. Liver stiffness and serum markers of liver fibrosis are correlated with epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) and coronary artery calcium (CAC).
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Patricia Yarnoz-Esquiroz, Ana Chopitea, Laura Olazaran, Maite Aguas-Ayesa, Camilo Silva, Anna Vilalta-Lacarra, Javier Escalada, Ignacio Gil-Bazo, Gema Fruhbeck, Javier Gomez-Ambrosi
Summary: A study analyzed the nutritional status of cancer patients admitted after the SARS-CoV-2 lockdown, compared to the previous year. The findings showed an improvement in the nutritional status of patients, with reduced weight loss and decreased levels of CRP, a marker of inflammation.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Manuel Botana, Javier Escalada, Angel Merchante, Rebeca Reyes, Pedro Rozas
Summary: Studies have shown that sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have significant effects in preventing and reducing heart failure and chronic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. Unlike other antihyperglycemic drugs, SGLT2i have positive effects on the kidney and heart through pleiotropic metabolic and direct effects.
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Javier Escalada
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Victoria Catalan, Paula Domench, Javier Gomez-Ambrosi, Beatriz Ramirez, Sara Becerril, Amaia Mentxaka, Amaia Rodriguez, Victor Valenti, Rafael Moncada, Jorge Baixauli, Camilo Silva, Javier Escalada, Gema Fruhbeck
Summary: Dysfunctional adipose tissue in obesity leads to chronic inflammation and altered extracellular matrix remodeling, promoting cancer development. This study investigates the role of dermatopontin (DPT) in the development of obesity-associated colon cancer. The results suggest that DPT expression levels are decreased in patients with colon cancer, but increased in visceral adipose tissue. Inflammatory factors enhance DPT expression and DPT affects the expression of extracellular matrix proteins. These findings imply a possible involvement of DPT in obesity-associated colon cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Amaia Mentxaka, Javier Gomez-Ambrosi, Beatriz Ramirez, Amaia Rodriguez, Sara Becerril, Gabriela Neira, Victor Valenti, Rafael Moncada, Camilo Silva, Xabier Unamuno, Javier A. Cienfuegos, Javier Escalada, Gema Fruhbeck, Victoria Catalan
Summary: This study found that circulating levels of Netrin-1 (NTN-1) were increased in obese individuals and decreased after weight loss. The expression levels of NTN-1 and its receptor, NEO1, were upregulated in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) from obese patients. In vitro studies showed that NTN-1 expression was enhanced under hypoxia and by inflammatory factors in adipocytes and macrophages. Additionally, treatment of adipocytes with NTN-1 promoted the upregulation of pro-inflammatory and chemotactic molecules. These findings suggest that NTN-1 plays a role in VAT chronic inflammation and insulin resistance in obesity.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Daria Abasheva, Marta M. Dolcet-Negre, Maria A. Fernandez-Seara, Jose Maria Mora-Gutierrez, Josune Orbe, Francisco Javier Escalada, Nuria Garcia-Fernandez
Summary: This study indicates that vitamin D-3 levels are related to MMP-10 levels in patients with Type 2 diabetes. Deficiency in vitamin D-3 can lead to reduced MMP-10 expression, while higher 25(OH)D-3 values may help prevent vascular complications.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Luis Alberto Vazquez, Irene Romera, Miriam Rubio-de Santos, Javier Escalada
Summary: Early and intensive treatment, as well as control of overweight and obesity, are important for managing type 2 diabetes and reducing complications. New therapies, such as tirzepatide, offer high efficacy in reducing glycated haemoglobin and weight in clinical trials.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Maite Aguas-Ayesa, Patricia Yarnoz-Esquiroz, Laura Olazaran, Carolina M. Perdomo, Marta Garcia-Goni, Patricia Andrada, Javier Escalada, Camilo Silva, Ascension Marcos, Gema Fruhbeck
Summary: This study analyzed the dietary and drinking patterns of patients with excess weight and found that they tend to have a low-fiber, high-fat, energy-dense diet. Excess weight was associated with low vegetable, legume, and whole grain intake, and high intake of sweets, sugar-sweetened beverages, fat spreads, and processed meats. Interestingly, both men and women tended to consume more wine than beer or other distilled beverages.