Article
Oncology
Kyo Togashi, Shingo Hatakeyama, Osamu Soma, Kazutaka Okita, Naoki Fujita, Toshikazu Tanaka, Daisuke Noro, Hirotaka Horiguchi, Nozomi Uemura, Takuro Iwane, Teppei Okamoto, Hayato Yamamoto, Takahiro Yoneyama, Yasuhiro Hashimoto, Chikara Ohyama
Summary: The estimation of biological age is challenging in cancer patients. This study investigated the prognostic significance of biological-expected life age discrepancy using frailty-discriminant scores (FDS) in patients with urological cancers. The findings suggest that a biological-expected life age discrepancy may be a useful tool in estimating frailty and prognosis in patients with urological cancers.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Noel-Marie Plonski, Cheng Chen, Qian Dong, Na Qin, Nan Song, Hemang M. Parikh, Kyla Shelton, Emily R. Finch, John Easton, Heather Mulder, Jinghui Zhang, Geoffrey Neale, Emily Walker, Hui Wang, Kevin Krull, Kirsten K. Ness, Melissa M. Hudson, Leslie L. Robison, Qian Li, AnnaLynn Williams, Zhaoming Wang
Summary: This study found that certain cancer therapies in childhood cancer survivors can accelerate epigenetic age and this acceleration is associated with chronic health conditions, early-onset obesity, and late mortality. Evaluating epigenetic age acceleration is important for identifying survivors at risk and understanding the long-term health effects of cancer treatments.
Review
Cell Biology
Fedor Galkin, Olga Kovalchuk, Diana Koldasbayeva, Alex Zhavoronkov, Evelyne Bischof
Summary: Epigenetic aging clocks are valuable tools for predicting age-related health conditions and studying the mechanisms of aging. This review examines the effects of modifiable lifestyle factors on DNA methylation levels and discusses their contribution to biological aging. It also provides insights for individuals interested in adopting an evidence-based longevity lifestyle.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Daniel J. J. Simpson, Qian Zhao, Nelly N. N. Olova, Jan Dabrowski, Xiaoxiao Xie, Eric Latorre-Crespo, Tamir Chandra
Summary: Recent studies have shown that epigenetic rejuvenation can be achieved through the use of drugs that mimic calorie restriction and techniques such as reprogramming-induced rejuvenation. Mouse models are the safest option for testing rejuvenation in vivo. However, the performance of recent epigenetic clocks developed for mouse reduced-representation bisulphite sequencing (RRBS) data is significantly poor when applied to external datasets.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Junling Gao, Yujie Wang, Jixiang Xu, Junjia Jiang, Shitong Yang, Qianyi Xiao
Summary: This study aimed to estimate the total life expectancy and duration of frailty state in older adults in China. The findings showed that the average total life expectancy for older adults aged 65 years in China was 14.74 years, of which 4.18 years were robust, 7.46 years were pre-frail, and 3.10 years were frail. Socioeconomic status, healthy behaviors, and social participation were found to be associated with robust life expectancy.
Article
Cell Biology
Lana Sargent, Mike Nalls, Andrew Singleton, Priya Palta, Anna Kucharska-Newton, Jim Pankow, Hunter Young, Weihong Tang, Pamela Lutsey, Amy Olex, Jered M. Wendte, Danni Li, Alvaro Alonso, Michael Griswold, B. Gwen Windham, Stefania Baninelli, Luigi Ferrucci
Summary: This study developed a predictive model incorporating biological and clinical frailty measures to identify robust biomarkers for detecting frailty in the clinical setting. The study compared predictors with different frailty statuses and examined the ability to detect frailty by race. The results identified a panel of biomarkers that may improve the detection of frailty as a complex aging syndrome.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Yabing Hou, Chenjie Xu, Qi Lu, Yuan Zhang, Zhi Cao, Shu Li, Hongxi Yang, Li Sun, Xinxi Cao, Yue Zhao, Yaogang Wang
Summary: This study found a significant association between frailty and pre-frailty status with cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality across a wider age range, leading to a reduction in life expectancy. The findings emphasize the importance of considering frailty in younger individuals and extending preventive efforts beyond the elderly population.
ARCHIVES OF GERONTOLOGY AND GERIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Nicole Comfort, Meethila Gade, Madeleine Strait, Samantha J. Merwin, Daphne Antoniou, Chiara Parodi, Lina Marcinczyk, Lea Jean-Francois, Tessa R. Bloomquist, Anna Memou, Hardy J. Rideout, Stefania Corti, Shingo Kariya, Diane B. Re
Summary: This study conducted a longitudinal transcriptomic analysis on aging mice, and found that the central nervous system may play a crucial role in skeletal muscle aging. These findings provide new insights into the mechanisms of muscle aging.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Taewook Kim, Gowun Kim, Hee-won Park, Eun Kyoung Kang, Sora Baek
Summary: This study assessed the potential of back extensor strength as an alternative marker of frailty and found that it was significantly associated with frail status.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jennifer C. Lai, Jennifer L. Dodge, Matthew R. Kappus, Randi Wong, Yara Mohamad, Dorry L. Segev, Mara McAdams-DeMarco
Summary: The pilot study evaluated the safety and efficacy of the home-based exercise program STRIVE for patients with cirrhosis, showing minimal improvement in physical function but substantial improvement in quality of life.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Economics
Svend E. Hougaard Jensen, Thorsteinn Sigurdur Sveinsson, Gylfi Zoega
Summary: Society segments with shorter life expectancy receive lower pension income and lifetime utility due to the longevity of other groups. Linking pension age to average life expectancy exacerbates negative effects on those with low longevity. Higher income for longer-living individuals leads to worse outcomes for shorter-lived individuals, who in turn end up contributing more to the pension scheme, benefiting those with longer lifespans.
Article
Cell Biology
Kyra L. Thrush, David A. Bennett, Christopher Gaiteri, Steve Horvath, Christopher H. van Dyck, Albert T. Higgins-Chen, Morgan E. Levine
Summary: The development of a brain-specific epigenetic clock, called PCBrainAge, provides a more reliable and specific tool for studying brain aging and epigenetic alterations underlying AD risk. This predictor, trained in cortical samples, shows stronger associations with clinical AD dementia, pathologic AD, and APOE epsilon 4 carrier status compared to existing epigenetic age predictors. PCBrainAge captures meaningful heterogeneity across multiple brain regions, making it particularly promising for investigating brain aging.
Article
Surgery
Jeff Choi, Taylor Anderson, Lakshika Tennakoon, David A. A. Spain, Joseph D. D. Forrester
Summary: This study developed and validated the TROUT Index, an explainable machine learning framework, to bring database to the bedside and prognosticate outcomes after injury.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Pranesh Santikellur, Matchima Buddhanoy, Sadman Sakib, Biswajit Ray, Rajat Subhra Chakraborty
Summary: Retention errors caused by charge leakage are the most common source of flash memory errors. This paper proposes a machine learning model that predicts blocks with lower endurance based on the characteristics of new unused flash memory chips. The predicted results can be used to improve lifetime in combination with existing wear-leveling algorithms.
MICROELECTRONICS RELIABILITY
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
John W. Orchard, Jessica J. Orchard, Chris Semsarian, Andre La Gerche, Timothy Driscoll
Summary: The aim of this study was to compare the age-matched death rates of current and retired elite male Australian football players with the general population. The results showed that the death rates of these football players were lower than the reference general population, which is consistent with previous studies on elite athletes.
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND MEDICINE IN SPORT
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
M. R. Vries, M. M. Ewing, R. C. M. Jong, M. R. MacArthur, J. C. Karper, E. A. B. Peters, M. Nordzell, S. A. P. Karabina, D. Sexton, I Dahlbom, A. Bergman, J. R. Mitchell, J. Frostegard, J. Kuiper, E. Ninio, J. W. Jukema, K. Pettersson, P. H. A. Quax
Summary: The study developed a monoclonal PC IgG antibody with anti-inflammatory and anti-atherosclerotic properties, which can effectively reduce vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis development. Recombinant human monoclonal IgG1 anti-PC antibodies were identified by phage display, specifically binding PC, apoptotic cells, and oxLDL, providing a new strategy for cardiovascular disease prevention.
JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Virology
Qiong Zhou, Michael R. MacArthur, Xinliang He, Xiaoshan Wei, Payam Zarin, Bola S. Hanna, Zi-Hao Wang, Xuan Xiang, Eleanor N. Fish
Summary: The study found that treatment with interferon-alpha 2b can limit the development of lung abnormalities associated with COVID-19 and identified clinical and immune parameters associated with worsening lung abnormalities. These parameters include low CD8+ T cell numbers, low levels of circulating albumin, high numbers of platelets, and higher levels of circulating interleukin (IL)-10, IL-6, and C-reactive protein (CRP).
Article
Biology
Margaret E. Torrence, Michael R. MacArthur, Aaron M. Hosios, Alexander J. Valvezan, John M. Asara, James R. Mitchell, Brendan D. Manning
Summary: The study found that the mTORC1-ATF4 pathway activates a subset of ATF4 target genes induced by the ISR, including genes related to amino acid uptake, synthesis, and tRNA charging. ATF4 is identified as a metabolic effector of mTORC1, playing a role in promoting protein synthesis and in a previously unappreciated function for mTORC1 in stimulating cellular cystine uptake and glutathione synthesis.
Article
Cell Biology
Michael R. MacArthur, Sarah J. Mitchell, J. Humberto Trevino-Villarreal, Yohann Grondin, Justin S. Reynolds, Peter Kip, Jonathan Jung, Kaspar M. Trocha, C. Keith Ozaki, James R. Mitchell
Summary: Plant-based dietary patterns are associated with improved cardiometabolic health, and while the importance of protein in these diets is recognized, the quality of protein from plant versus animal sources seems to have minimal impact on health markers.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Shanlin Ke, Sarah J. Mitchell, Michael R. MacArthur, Alice E. Kane, David A. Sinclair, Emily M. Venable, Katia S. Chadaideh, Rachel N. Carmody, Francine Grodstein, James R. Mitchell, Yangyu Liu
Summary: The study found that calorie restriction can significantly reduce the rate of increase in the frailty index (FI), showing that CR can slow down the aging process. Significant alterations in diversity and compositional patterns of the mouse gut microbiota were also observed during the aging process. The gut microbial features of 21-month-old mice can predict the healthy aging of 30-month-old mice with reasonable accuracy.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Peter Kip, Thijs J. Sluiter, Jodene K. Moore, Abby Hart, Jack Ruske, James O'Leary, Jonathan Jung, Ming Tao, Michael R. MacArthur, Patrick Heindel, Alwin de Jong, Margreet R. de Vries, M. Furkan Burak, Sarah J. Mitchell, James R. Mitchell, C. Keith Ozaki
Summary: The study showed that pre-operative protein and/or calorie restriction (PCR) is safe and feasible in elective vascular surgery patients, resulting in weight loss, improved insulin sensitivity, and no nutritional deficiencies.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Alban Longchamp, Michael R. MacArthur, Kaspar Trocha, Janine Ganahl, Charlotte G. Mann, Peter Kip, William W. King, Gaurav Sharma, Ming Tao, Sarah J. Mitchell, Tamas Ditroi, Jie Yang, Peter Nagy, C. Keith Ozaki, Christopher Hine, James R. Mitchell
Summary: The study found that circulating hydrogen sulfide levels were lower in patients with atherosclerotic disease, and patients with low hydrogen sulfide production capacity had an increased risk of mortality after surgical revascularization. This suggests that hydrogen sulfide may serve as a diagnostic and potential therapeutic for cardiovascular disease.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Sandra Schrotter, Christopher J. Yuskaitis, Michael R. MacArthur, Sarah J. Mitchell, Aaron M. Hosios, Maria Osipovich, Margaret E. Torrence, James R. Mitchell, Gerta Hoxhaj, Mustafa Sahin, Brendan D. Manning
Summary: TBC1D7 is an essential component of the TSC complex, which suppresses the growth of cells and tissues driven by mTORC1. In this study, Tbc1d7 knockout mice exhibited increased muscle fiber size, strength and motor defects, and overgrowth of the brain. These findings indicate that TBC1D7 is crucial for the full functionality of the TSC complex in tissues, with the brain being particularly sensitive to its growth-suppressing activities.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Diane Macabrey, Alban Longchamp, Michael R. MacArthur, Martine Lambelet, Severine Urfer, Sebastien Deglise, Florent Allagnat
Summary: Intimal hyperplasia (IH) is a major limitation in the long-term success of revascularization. This study investigated the use of sodium thiosulfate (STS) as a potential treatment to limit IH. The findings showed that STS inhibited IH in mice and human vein segments, as well as inhibited cell proliferation and promoted microtubule depolymerization. This suggests that STS acts as an H2S donor to limit vascular smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Krystle C. Kalafut, Sarah J. Mitchell, Michael R. MacArthur, James R. Mitchell
Summary: This study investigated the potential relationship between protein restriction and ketogenic diet, revealing that while both have effects on weight loss and metabolic health, they may operate through different mechanisms.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Michael R. MacArthur, Sarah J. Mitchell, Katia S. Chadaideh, J. Humberto Trevino-Villarreal, Jonathan Jung, Krystle C. Kalafut, Justin S. Reynolds, Charlotte G. Mann, Kaspar M. Trocha, Ming Tao, Tay-Zar Aye, Anantawat Koontanatechanon, Vladimir Yeliseyev, Lynn Bry, Alban Longchamp, C. Keith Ozaki, Caroline A. Lewis, Rachel N. Carmody, James R. Mitchell
Summary: Dietary protein restriction has rapid effects on metabolism, improving glucose and lipid homeostasis. This study found that protein restriction altered fecal microbial composition, but the metabolic effects were not transferable through fecal transplantation. Hepatic transcriptome and metabolome were significantly altered in diets with lower protein content, with specific changes in amino acid metabolism.
Editorial Material
Veterinary Sciences
Michael R. MacArthur, Sarah J. Mitchell
Summary: Despite extensive efforts from various fields, the definition of aging remains elusive and some believe it is too complex to define concisely. A new study addresses this issue by examining how geroprotective interventions affect the trajectories of hundreds of phenotypes in mice across age.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sarah Mitchell, Michael Macarthur, Alice Kane
Summary: It is important to optimize preclinical models of aging for translation to clinical trials. This includes modeling clinically relevant contexts such as age, sex, genetic diversity, exposures, and environment, as well as measuring clinically relevant outcomes such as frailty and healthspan.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Esther Meron, Maria Thaysen, Suzanne Angeli, Adam Antebi, Nir Barzilai, Joseph A. Baur, Simon Bekker-Jensen, Maria Birkisdottir, Evelyne Bischof, Jens Bruening, Anne Brunet, Abigail Buchwalter, Filipe Cabreiro, Shiqing Cai, Brian H. Chen, Maria Ermolaeva, Collin Y. Ewald, Luigi Ferrucci, Maria Carolina Florian, Kristen Fortney, Adam Freund, Anastasia Georgievskaya, Vadim N. Gladyshev, David Glass, Tyler Golato, Vera Gorbunova, Jan Hoejimakers, Riekelt H. Houtkooper, Sibylle Jager, Frank Jaksch, Georges Janssens, Martin Borch Jensen, Matt Kaeberlein, Gerard Karsenty, Peter de Keizer, Brian Kennedy, James L. Kirkland, Michael Kjaer, Guido Kroemer, Kai-Fu Lee, Jean-Marc Lemaitre, David Liaskos, Valter D. Longo, Yu-Xuan Lu, Michael R. MacArthur, Andrea B. Maier, Christina Manakanatas, Sarah J. Mitchell, Alexey Moskalev, Laura Niedernhofer, Ivan Ozerov, Linda Partridge, Emmanuelle Passegue, Michael A. Petr, James Peyer, Dina Radenkovic, Thomas A. Rando, Suresh Rattan, Christian G. Riedel, Lenhard Rudolph, Ruixue Ai, Manuel Serrano, Bjoern Schumacher, David A. Sinclair, Ryan Smith, Yousin Suh, Pam Taub, Alexandre Trapp, Anne-Ulrike Trendelenburg, Dario Riccardo Valenzano, Kris Verburgh, Eric Verdin, Jan Vijg, Rudi G. J. Westendorp, Alessandra Zonari, Daniela Bakula, Alex Zhavoronkov, Morten Scheibye-Knudsen
Summary: Aging is the biggest risk factor for most chronic diseases, attracting attention from industry and investors. This year's ARDD meeting featured presentations from 75 speakers and included a longevity workshop to discuss aging mechanisms and potential modifications.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaofeng Jiang, Michael R. MacArthur, J. Humberto Trevino-Villarreal, Peter Kip, C. Keith Ozaki, Sarah J. Mitchell, James R. Mitchell
Summary: The study revealed that DNA damage can elevate intracellular H2S levels by upregulating autophagy and H2S-generating enzyme CGL. Furthermore, exogenous H2S intervention can partially alleviate genotoxic stress in autophagy-deficient cells.
CELL CHEMICAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
