Journal
ARTHRITIS CARE & RESEARCH
Volume 73, Issue 9, Pages 1250-1258Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/acr.24443
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Funding
- NIH [R01-AR-057327, K24-AR-066109, R01-AR-071326, L30-AR-066953, R01-AR-049880, U01-HG-008685, P30-AR-070253, U01-CA-176726, UM1-CA-186107, K23-AR-069688, K23-AR-075070, R03-AR-075886, P30-AR-072577]
- Rheumatology Research Foundation Investigator Award
- Lupus Foundation of American Career Development Award
- Rheumatology Research Foundation K Supplement Award
- Brigham Research Institute
- R. Bruce and Joan M. Mickey Research Scholar Fund
- Amgen
- Bristol-Myers Squibb
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There was no association found between long-term adherence to the AHEI-2010, aMed, DASH, or EDIP scores with SLE risk, indicating a limited impact of dietary quality on SLE risk. However, the potential reduction in overall SLE risk with high nut/legume intake warrants further investigation.
Objective Knowledge remains scarce regarding diet and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) risk. Our objective was to investigate 4 dietary quality scores and SLE risk overall and by anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) positive versus negative subtypes. Methods We studied 79,568 women in the Nurses' Health Study (1984-2014) and 93,554 in the Nurses' Health Study II (1991-2013). Using validated food frequency questionnaires, we calculated 4 dietary scores: the 2010 Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI-2010), the Alternative Mediterranean Diet Score (aMed), the Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH), and the Empirical Dietary Inflammatory Pattern (EDIP). Incident SLE was confirmed by medical record review. Time-varying Cox regression models estimated pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) of SLE risk, overall and by anti-dsDNA, for cumulative average dietary quality score tertiles and individual AHEI-2010 components. Results We identified 194 incident SLE cases. SLE risk was similar in women with the highest (versus lowest) dietary scores (AHEI-2010 HR 0.78 [95% CI 0.54-1.14], aMed HR 0.82 [95% CI 0.56-1.18], DASH HR 1.16 [95% CI 0.81-1.66], EDIP HR 0.83 [95% CI 0.57-1.21]). No association was demonstrated for anti-dsDNA+ or anti-dsDNA- SLE risk. Women in the highest (versus lowest) AHEI-2010 tertile of nut/legume intake had a decreased SLE risk (HR 0.59 [95% CI 0.40-0.87]). No association was demonstrated for other AHEI-2010 components and SLE risk. Conclusion We observed no association between long-term adherence to the AHEI-2010, aMed, DASH, or EDIP scores with SLE risk, suggesting a large effect of dietary quality on SLE risk is unlikely. However, potential reduction in overall SLE risk with high nut/legume intake warrants further investigation.
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