Journal
TRENDS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
Volume 31, Issue 12, Pages 893-904Publisher
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2020.10.001
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Funding
- National Key R&D Program of China [2018YFC2002400, 2018YFC2002405]
- Project of Health Commission of Sichuan Province [19PJ093]
- International Institute of Spatial Lifecourse Epidemiology (ISLE)
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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with pre-existing cardiovascular disease (CVD) or with cardiovascular complications have a higher risk of mortality. The main cardiovascular complications of COVID-19 include acute cardiac injury, acute myocardial infarction (AMI), myocarditis, arrhythmia, heart failure, shock, and venous thromboembolism (VTE)/pulmonary embolism (PE). COVID-19 can cause cardiovascular complications or deterioration of coexisting CVD through direct or indirect mechanisms, including viral toxicity, dysregulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), endothelial cell damage and thromboinflammation, cytokine storm, and oxygen supply-demand mismatch. We systematically review cardiovascular manifestations, histopathology, and mechanisms of COVID-19, to help to formulate future research goals and facilitate the development of therapeutic management strategies.
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