Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Lin Pan, Yong Xiong, Ze Zhu, Leichong Wang
Summary: This study proposes a modeling method of soft measurement of offshore wind speed using Kernal Extreme Learning Machine (KELM) and improves the measurement accuracy through optimization algorithm. The established measurement model is verified by simulation and the effectiveness of the research is demonstrated with the design of a rotor controller.
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Maroufi Oussama, Choucha Abdelghani, Chaib Lakhdar
Summary: An advanced Type-2 Fractional Order Fuzzy PID (T2-FOPID) controller is proposed in this paper to control the Wind Turbine (WT) system, and the controller parameters are optimized using the Salps Swarm Algorithm (SSA). Experimental results show that the proposed controller outperforms other controllers in terms of error minimization, overshoot, and settling time.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Yanhua Liu, Ron J. Patton, Shuo Shi
Summary: Offshore wind turbine (OWT) rotors are susceptible to asymmetrical loads caused by blade flapping and turbulent wind flow, leading to enhanced fatigue and reduced power conversion. Individual Pitch Control (IPC) and Collective Pitch Control (CPC) are commonly used to mitigate unbalanced loading, but can result in actuator faults and reduced power generation. This study proposes a Bayesian optimization-based pitch controller and a robust unknown input observer-based FTC scheme to improve pitch control robustness. Monte Carlo simulations confirm the effectiveness of the co-design scheme for load mitigation under various wind loading conditions and actuator faults.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
James Velino, SungKu Kang, Michael B. Kane
Summary: This paper proposes a machine learning control method to reduce fatigue in floating offshore wind turbines. The method selects promising control law candidates through evolution and utilizes internal state feedback, resulting in a 41% reduction in fatigue and ultimate loading under representative design load cases provided by the competition.
JOURNAL OF COMPUTING IN CIVIL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Farhad Zishan, Lilia Tightiz, Joon Yoo, Nima Shafaghatian
Summary: This paper investigates the performance of a PMSG wind turbine with PI, PID, NPC, and fuzzy controllers at different wind speeds. The wind energy is converted and given to the PMSG generator, which transfers the output power to the power network modeled with a three-phase load. Simulation results using MATLAB R2017 show that the controllers can adjust the DC link voltage and the active power produced by the wind system.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Yujoo Kang, Hyebin Kim, Sang Lee
Summary: The study investigates the benefits of using an individual pitch control (IPC) strategy on a floating platform with a DTU 10MW wind turbine subjected to an upstream wind turbine wake. The findings show that the IPC is effective in reducing the fatigue load and yaw fluctuation of the platform motion.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Le Quang Sang, Qing'an Li, Chang Cai, Takao Maeda, Yasunari Kamada, Xinbao Wang, Shuni Zhou, Fanghong Zhang
Summary: This paper discusses the impact of collective pitch control and cyclic pitch control on power and loads of floating offshore wind turbines under uniform wind velocity of 10 m/s using wind tunnel and numerical investigation. The study concludes that the change of pitch angle has a higher effect on power coefficient than the change of yaw angle. The load of the wind turbine is reduced when cyclic pitch control method is applied, especially for yawed wind condition.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yichao Liu, Joeri Frederik, Riccardo M. G. Ferrari, Ping Wu, Sunwei Li, Jan-Willem van Wingerden
Summary: This paper presents a fault-tolerant individual pitch control (FTIPC) scheme for floating offshore wind turbines (FOWTs), based on a Subspace Predictive Repetitive Control (SPRC) approach. By implementing online subspace identification and repetitive control law, this approach effectively mitigates blade and actuator faults while restricting energy of control action.
Article
Engineering, Marine
Manmathakrishnan Palraj, Panneerselvam Rajamanickam
Summary: This study focuses on the performance of a gyrostabilizer on a barge-mounted dynamic Offshore Wind Turbine, investigating the reduction in angular motions at different rotor speeds through experimental studies. The results show that using a gyrostabilizer can significantly reduce platform rotations and nacelle accelerations, with better effects observed under irregular wave conditions.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Le Quang Sang, Qing'an Li, Takao Maeda, Yasunari Kamada, Duc Nguyen Huu, Quynh T. Tran, Eleonora Riva Sanseverino
Summary: Offshore wind energy is a rapidly developing renewable energy source that is considered the most promising in the next decade. The expanding trend of this technology requires consideration of diversified seabeds. For deep seabeds, floating offshore wind technology (FOWT) is necessary, and performance, aerodynamic force, and forces during operation need to be considered.
Article
Engineering, Marine
Zhanwei Li, Binrong Wen, Xingjian Dong, Xinhua Long, Zhike Peng
Summary: Comparisons are made on the dynamic behaviors of FOWT under different tip speed ratios, as well as the performance with and without the influence of BPC. Results show that tip speed ratio slightly affects FOWT performance, while the fluctuation of generator power reduces with BPC, but aerodynamic thrust tends to enlarge the PPM with BPC.
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Aamer Bilal Asghar, Khazina Naveed, Gang Xiong, Yong Wang
Summary: In this paper, a hybrid intelligent learning based adaptive neuro-fuzzy algorithm is proposed for pitch angle scheduling of wind turbines. The algorithm trains the parameters of fuzzy membership functions using artificial neural networks, resulting in a more efficient control method.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CONTROL AUTOMATION AND SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Shengsheng Qin, SzeSong Ngu, Tingting Zeng
Summary: With the increasing severity of resource shortages and environmental pollution worldwide, wind turbine generation, as a clean energy power generation method, has attracted much attention. This paper proposes a robust controller based on Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy model and optimal control theory to address the instability of output power of wind turbine generators (WTGs) caused by the randomness of natural wind energy. By dividing the wind power system into several linear subsystems and designing state feedback controllers for each subsystem through optimal control, the controllers of subsystems are merged to form a controller for the entire system, realizing global precision control and improving the stability of the system.
ALEXANDRIA ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Ibrahim M. Mehedi, Ubaid M. Al-Saggaf, Mahendiran T. Vellingiri, Ahmad H. Milyani, Nordin Bin Saad, Nor Zaihar Bin Yahaya
Summary: This paper designs an OBSO-based FOPID controller for sustainable and secure energy extraction in wind turbine systems. The research findings demonstrate the advantages of the proposed model over other methods.
CMC-COMPUTERS MATERIALS & CONTINUA
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Kamran Ali Shah, Fantai Meng, Ye Li, Ryozo Nagamune, Yarong Zhou, Zhengru Ren, Zhiyu Jiang
Summary: Over the past decade, offshore wind energy development has shifted towards deeper waters, leading to the use of floating offshore wind turbines instead of traditional bottom-fixed turbines. However, the high cost of floating offshore wind turbines can be attributed to the inadequate adaptation of system dynamics control methods, affecting performance and reliability. Various control methods are systematically analyzed, with emphasis on wind and wave forecasting, to improve power maximization, regulation, and load mitigation in floating offshore wind turbine systems.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Cameron Bracken, Nathalie Voisin, Casey D. Burleyson, Allison M. Campbell, Z. Jason Hou, Daniel Broman
Summary: This study presents a methodology and dataset for examining compound wind and solar energy droughts, as well as the first standardized benchmark of energy droughts across the Continental United States (CONUS) for a 2020 infrastructure. The results show that compound wind and solar droughts have distinct spatial and temporal patterns across the CONUS, and the characteristics of energy droughts are regional. The study also finds that compound high load events occur more often during compound wind and solar droughts than expected.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ning Zhang, Yanghao Yu, Jiawei Wu, Ershun Du, Shuming Zhang, Jinyu Xiao
Summary: This paper provides insights into the optimal configuration of CSP plants with different penetrations of wind power by proposing an unconstrained optimization model. The results suggest that large solar multiples and TES are preferred in order to maximize profit, especially when combined with high penetrations of wind and photovoltaic plants. Additionally, the study demonstrates the economy and feasibility of installing electric heaters (EH) in CSP plants, which show a linear correlation with the penetration of variable energy resources.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
M. Szubel, K. Papis-Fraczek, S. Podlasek
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
J. Silva, J. C. Goncalves, C. Rocha, J. Vilaca, L. M. Madeira
Summary: This study investigated the methanation of CO2 in biogas and compared two different methanation reactors. The results showed that the cooled reactor without CO2 separation achieved a CO2 conversion rate of 91.8%, while the adiabatic reactors achieved conversion rates of 59.6% and 67.2%, resulting in an overall conversion rate of 93.0%. Economic analysis revealed negative net present worth values, indicating the need for government monetary incentives.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Yang Liu, Yonglan Xi, Xiaomei Ye, Yingpeng Zhang, Chengcheng Wang, Zhaoyan Jia, Chunhui Cao, Ting Han, Jing Du, Xiangping Kong, Zhongbing Chen
Summary: This study investigated the effect of using nanofiber membrane composites containing Prussian blue-like compound nanoparticles (PNPs) to relieve ammonia nitrogen inhibition of rural organic household waste during high-solid anaerobic digestion and increase methane production. The results showed that adding NMCs with 15% PNPs can lower the concentrations of volatile fatty acids and ammonia nitrogen, and increase methane yield.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Zhong Ge, Xiaodong Wang, Jian Li, Jian Xu, Jianbin Xie, Zhiyong Xie, Ruiqu Ma
Summary: This study evaluates the thermodynamic, exergy, and economic performance of a double-stage organic flash cycle (DOFC) using ten eco-friendly hydrofluoroolefins. The influences of key parameters on performance are analyzed, and the advantages of DOFC over single-stage type are quantified.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Nicolas Kirchner-Bossi, Fernando Porte-Agel
Summary: This study investigates the optimization of power density in wind farms and its sensitivity to the available area size. A novel genetic algorithm (PDGA) is introduced to optimize power density and turbine layout. The results show that the PDGA-driven solutions significantly reduce the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) compared to the default layout, and exhibit a convex relationship between area and LCOE or power density.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Chunxiao Zhang, Dongdong Li, Lin Wang, Qingpo Yang, Yutao Guo, Wei Zhang, Chao Shen, Jihong Pu
Summary: In this study, a novel reversible liquid-filled energy-saving window that effectively regulates indoor solar radiation heat gain is proposed. Experimental results show that this window can effectively reduce indoor temperature during both summer and winter seasons, while having minimal impact on indoor illuminance.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Alessandro L. Aguiar, Martinho Marta-Almeida, Mauro Cirano, Janini Pereira, Leticia Cotrim da Cunha
Summary: This study analyzed the Brazilian Equatorial Shelf using a high-resolution ocean model and found significant tidal variations in the area. Several hypothetical barrages were proposed with higher annual power generation than existing barrages. The study also evaluated the installation effort of these barrages.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Francesco Superchi, Nathan Giovannini, Antonis Moustakis, George Pechlivanoglou, Alessandro Bianchini
Summary: This study focuses on the optimization of a hybrid power station on the Tilos island in Greece, aiming to increase energy export and revenue by optimizing energy fluxes. Different scenarios are proposed to examine the impact of different agreements with the grid operator on the optimal solution.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Peimaneh Shirazi, Amirmohammad Behzadi, Pouria Ahmadi, Sasan Sadrizadeh
Summary: This research presents two novel energy production/storage/usage systems to reduce energy consumption and environmental effects in buildings. A biomass-fired model and a solar-driven system integrated with photovoltaic thermal (PVT) panels and a heat pump were designed and assessed. The results indicate that the solar-based system has an acceptable energy cost and the PVT-based system with a heat pump is environmentally superior. The biomass-fired system shows excellent efficiency.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Zihao Qi, Yingling Cai, Yunxiang Cui
Summary: This study aims to investigate the operational characteristics of the solar-ground source heat pump system (SGSHPS) in Shanghai under different operation modes. It concludes that tandem operation mode 1 is the optimal mode for winter operation in terms of energy efficiency.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
L. Bartolucci, S. Cordiner, A. Di Carlo, A. Gallifuoco, P. Mele, V. Mulone
Summary: Spent coffee grounds are a valuable biogenic waste that can be used as a source of biofuels and valuable chemicals through pyrolysis and solvent extraction processes. The study found that heavy organic bio-oil derived from coffee grounds can be used as a carbon-rich biofuel, while solvent extraction can extract xantines and p-benzoquinone, which are important chemicals for various industries. The results highlight the promising potential of solvent extraction in improving the economic viability of coffee grounds pyrolysis-based biorefineries.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Luiza de Queiroz Correa, Diego Bagnis, Pedro Rabelo Melo Franco, Esly Ferreira da Costa Junior, Andrea Oliveira Souza da Costa
Summary: Building-integrated photovoltaics, especially organic solar technology, are important for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the building sector. This study analyzed the performance of organic panels laminated in glass in a vertical installation in Latin America. Results showed that glass lamination and vertical orientation preserved the panels' performance and led to higher energy generation in winter.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Zhipei Hu, Shuo Jiang, Zhigao Sun, Jun Li
Summary: This study proposes innovative fin arrangements to enhance the thermal performance of latent heat storage units. Through optimization of fin distribution and prediction of transient melting behaviors, it is found that fin structures significantly influence heat transfer characteristics and melting behaviors.