Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sundar S. Shrestha, Xin Xu, Xu Wang, Stephen D. Babb, Brian S. Armour, Brian A. King, Katrina F. Trivers
Summary: Research has shown low use of smoking cessation medications among smokers covered by employer-sponsored health insurance, but there was an increase in the percentage of users receiving cessation medication from 2010 to 2017. With the increase in annual medication receipt and spending, there are opportunities to further promote the use of cessation treatments.
PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Shijun Li, Ziyang Tang, Nanxin Jin, Qiansu Yang, Gang Liu, Tiefang Liu, Jianxing Hu, Sijun Liu, Ping Wang, Jingru Hao, Zhiqiang Zhang, Xiaojing Zhang, Jinfeng Li, Xin Wang, Zhenzhen Li, Yi Wang, Baijian Yang, Lin Ma
Summary: This study developed a deep learning-based approach to identify brain differences between individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and typical development (TD) using T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The study detected nine brain areas that differed significantly between ASD and TD. This research provides a new computer-aided technique for helping physicians diagnose and screen children at risk of ASD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NEURAL SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Philip F. Cooper, Richard J. Manski
Summary: The study shows a decrease in the number of embedded dental benefit plans since 2005, as well as a decrease in the percentage of enrollees in employer-sponsored insurance health plans with dental coverage.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Review
Psychiatry
Andor E. Simon, Petra Keller, Katja Cattapan
Summary: Understanding the origins of social avoidance is one of the most challenging tasks in assessing whether adolescents and young adults are at risk for developing schizophrenia. A phenomenological approach helps distinguish the Gestalt of social avoidance among different mental disorders, ensuring correct diagnosis and optimal treatment.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Masud Rabbani, Munirul M. Haque, Dipranjan Das Dipal, Md Ishrak Islam Zarif, Anik Iqbal, Amy Schwichtenberg, Naveen Bansal, Tanjir Rashid Soron, Syed Ishtiaque Ahmed, Sheikh Iqbal Ahamed
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the behavioral patterns of children with ASD during and after the COVID-19 lockdown, and found that support in the areas of problematic behavior could mitigate future risks.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Michal Horny, Richard Duszak
Summary: Demographic changes in the population have been understudied as a driving force behind imaging utilization and spending. This study examined variations in medical imaging spending among individuals with primary or secondary employer-sponsored insurance using national databases. The findings revealed that imaging spending generally increased with age until around 80-85 years old, and women had higher spending than men among those aged 14-70 years. These findings provide insights into the potential impact of demographic changes on future medical imaging spending.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Alicia Sandoval Poveda, Diana Hernandez Montoya
Summary: An action research project used theater workshops and basic digital fabrication technology workshops to improve social skills of 10 young individuals with autism spectrum disorder. Participants gained technological knowledge while their social skill development needs were addressed. The study was conducted by professionals from the Special Education Faculty of Universidad Estatal a Distancia in Costa Rica and Fab Lab Ka Trare.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Yael G. Dai, Alice S. Carter
Summary: This study used a mixed-methods approach to explore the accommodations made by 171 families after their child was diagnosed with autism. The study found that lower income, older child age, marginalized racial/ethnic identity, and higher levels of child problem behavior predicted a greater number of accommodations. Thematic analysis revealed the types of accommodations made and the motivation behind them, with important implications for parent-mediated interventions and policy.
JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Yi-Ling Chien, Wen-Che Tsai, Wen-Hao Chen, Chi-Liang Yang, Susan Shur-Fen Gau, Wei-Tsuen Soong, Elizabeth Laugeson, Yen-Nan Chiu
Summary: This study investigated the effectiveness of the PEERS intervention in Taiwanese young adults with ASD and found that it significantly improved social deficits, autism severity, social interaction anxiety, empathy, and social skills knowledge. The improvements were maintained at 3-month and 6-month follow-ups.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chuanchuan Wang, Weixuan Chen, Yishan Jiang, Xiao Xiao, Qianhui Zou, Jiarui Liang, Yu Zhao, Qianxu Wang, Tian Yuan, Rui Guo, Xuebo Liu, Zhigang Liu
Summary: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) symptoms may be improved through modulation of gut microbiota. This study investigated the effects of a synbiotic treatment on an ASD-like mouse model, and found that it rectified social impairments, attenuated inflammatory cytokine expressions, protected gut barrier integrity, and altered gut microbiota composition. The synbiotic treatment elevated beneficial metabolites and upregulated genes associated with their synthesis. Overall, the synbiotic combination mitigated ASD-related social impairments through regulation of the gut-brain axis.
Editorial Material
Microbiology
Maude M. David
Summary: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex disorder influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Studies have suggested a role of the gut microbiome in modulating ASD phenotype, but results remain inconsistent. Future research will require new experimental methodologies to better understand this relationship.
Article
Psychiatry
Miaomiao Jiang, Tianlan Lu, Kang Yang, Xianjing Li, Liyang Zhao, Dai Zhang, Jun Li, Lifang Wang
Summary: This study uses bibliometric analysis to describe the current state and trends of autism research over the past decade. It identifies genetics as a widely cited field within autism research, and highlights immune dysbiosis and gut microbiota as new development frontiers since 2015.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Helen O'Reilly, Yanyan Ni, Samantha Johnson, Dieter Wolke, Neil Marlow
Summary: The study found that young adults born extremely preterm (EP) scored significantly higher on autism traits and had lower scores in emotion recognition and empathy compared to term-born controls. A larger proportion of EP survivors have subclinical difficulties associated with autism than confirmed diagnoses, with a moderate correlation between childhood autism symptom scores and autistic traits in young adulthood.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Laura L. Corona, J. Alacia Stainbrook, Kathleen Simcoe, Liliana Wagner, Bethena Fowler, Amy S. Weitlauf, A. Pablo Juarez, Zachary Warren
Summary: This article introduces a brief behavioral intervention and support model for families with young children with concerns for ASD, evaluating outcomes across different service delivery models. Caregivers, behavioral consultants, and early intervention providers reported satisfaction and positive child outcomes across in-person, telemedicine-only, and hybrid service models, although there were some differences in reported outcomes between delivery models. Stakeholders in the telemedicine-only group provided qualitative feedback on the benefits and challenges of telemedicine services.
JOURNAL OF NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Ji S. Hong, Vini Singh, Luke Kalb
Summary: The study aimed to examine the prevalence of ADHD symptoms, related demographic and clinical factors, and relationships between mental health problems and ADHD symptoms in young children with ASD. The findings showed high prevalence of ADHD symptoms in this population, which were associated with increased parenting stress and other psychopathologies.